Abstract:
An object of the present invention is to provide: a catalyst for production of acrylic acid which catalyst is so high active as to give a still higher selectivity of acrylic acid (which is the objective product) or a long-catalytic-life-time catalyst for production of acrylic acid which catalyst is so high active as to be able to give a high acrylic acid yield while suppressing the temperature rise of the oxidation reaction to a low one; and processes for production of acrylic acid using these catalysts. As a means of achieving this object, a catalyst according to the present invention for production of acrylic acid comprises an oxide and/or a composite oxide as an essential catalytic component, wherein the oxide and/or the composite oxide has a metal element composition shown by general formula (1): MoaVbWcCudOx (1) (wherein: when a=12, then 1≦b≦14, 0≦c≦12, 0≦d≦10, and 0
Abstract translation:本发明的目的是提供:用于制备丙烯酸的催化剂,该催化剂具有如此高的活性,以产生更高的丙烯酸(目标产物)的选择性或长催化寿命催化剂 为了生产丙烯酸,该催化剂具有如此高的活性,能够在将氧化反应的温度上升抑制在低温的同时产生高的丙烯酸收率; 以及使用这些催化剂生产丙烯酸的方法。 作为实现该目的的手段,根据本发明的用于生产丙烯酸的催化剂包含氧化物和/或复合氧化物作为必需催化组分,其中氧化物和/或复合氧化物具有所示的金属元素组成 通过通式(1):<?in-line-formula description =“In-line formula”end =“lead”?> Mo a sub> (1)<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>( 其中:当a = 12时,则1 <= b <= 14,0 <= c <= 12,0 <= d <= 10和0
Abstract:
The invention provides a microstructured, self-cleaning, catalytically active surface with elevations and depressions, comprising a catalytically active material in the depressions. The invention additionally provides a process for producing a microstructured, self-cleaning, catalytically active surface and a catalyst molding having such a surface in which a support surface is powder coated with particles having a size of from 0.05 to 200 nullm and is subsequently coated with a catalytically active material. In a preferred embodiment of the process, (a) if desired, a base layer of metal is applied to a support surface by layer deposition from solution, (b) on the support surface or, if appropriate, on the surface of the base layer, a first layer of metal containing embedded particles with a size of from 0.05 to 200 nullm is applied by layer deposition from a solution containing these particles in dispersed form, and (c) the first layer is coated with a catalytically active second layer.
Abstract:
A first object is to provide an apparatus for photocatalytic reaction with high treating efficiency and treatment ability that is not degraded with an elapse of operating time and a second object is to provide a method for simply and efficiently immobilizing a photocatalyst on a support. The first invention is to immobilize (coat) a photocatalyst on a surface of a support, continuously supply solution to be treated in atmosphere in thin film shape on the surface of the immobilized photocatalyst, and irradiate the photocatalyst surface with light for causing photocatalytic reaction to occur. A second invention is a method for immobilizing a photocatalyst on a support by using alkali metal silicate as a binding agent, comprising: a first step for coating and immobilizing an aqueous solution of the alkali metal silicate on the support; a second step for coating and immobilizing a powdered photocatalyst on the alkali metal silicate after the first step; and a third step for curing the coated and immobilized photocatalyst after the second step.
Abstract:
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus and method for its use includes an upstream catalyst and a downstream catalyst. The upstream catalyst contains a catalytic metal effective at least for the oxidation of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas stream, and preferably contains a palladium catalytic component and contains substantially no oxygen storage components, i.e., oxides of cerium, cobalt, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, nickel, praseodymium, tungsten and vanadium, but the downstream catalyst includes an oxygen storage component. Preferably, the upstream catalyst is a close-coupled catalyst. The downstream catalyst may be an underfloor catalyst or a close-coupled catalyst, in which case there is, preferably, an additional, underfloor catalyst.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a photocatalyst and a manufacturing method therefore, in which the adhesion to a support is increased and a baking step is simplified. The photocatalyst comprises the support and a metallic oxide layer provided on the support by applying and baking a colloidal solution including at least a metallic oxide precursor on the support, wherein the metallic oxide layer includes a high density metallic oxide layer of a less porous structure and a low density metallic oxide layer of a more porous structure.
Abstract:
A photocatalytic layer arrangement includes a carrier substrate on which a chromium layer with a defined nitrogen content is deposited. A titanium oxide layer having the formula TiOx (x=2-4) is grown on the chromium layer, and the anatase phase of the titanium oxide layer with respect to the rutile phase of the titanium oxide layer has a percentage in the range of 30%-90%.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a wall-flow filter which is used in particular in exhaust gas systems of vehicles driven by gasoline engines. The filter has three-way activity and filters fine particles, which result from the combustion of gasoline, from the exhaust gas stream. The invention also relates to a method for producing a corresponding filter and to the preferred use thereof.
Abstract:
A method of forming TiO2—ZnO nanoparticles coated by a copper (II) complex includes forming a mononuclear copper complex by treating a ligand with Cu2+ ions; and immobilizing the mononuclear copper complex on TiO2—ZnO nanoparticles to obtain the TiO2—ZnO nanoparticle coated by the copper (II) complex. The TiO2—ZnO nanoparticles coated by a copper (II) complex thus produced have improved catalytic effectiveness and increased efficiency by reducing catalytic reaction time and temperature, particularly in methods of catalyzing oxidation of an alcohol or of catalyzing decarboxylative bromination of an acid.
Abstract:
A catalyst for purification of exhaust gas in which Pd-based nanoparticles and ceria nanoparticles are supported on a composite metal oxide support containing alumina, ceria, and zirconia, wherein a molar ratio (Ce/Pd) of Ce and Pd supported on the support is 1 to 8, a proximity α between Pd and Ce is 0.15 to 0.50, wherein the proximity α is determined, based on Pd and Ce distribution maps in an element mapping image of energy dispersive X-ray analysis, by the following formula (1):
α =
∑
j = 0
N - 1
∑
i = 0
M - 1
(
(
I (
i , j
)
-
I ave
)
(
T (
i , j
)
-
T ave
)
)
∑
j = 0
N - 1
∑
i = 0
M - 1
(
I (
i , j
)
-
I ave
)
2
-
∑
j = 0
N - 1
∑
i = 0
M - 1
(
T (
i , j
)
-
T ave
)
2
,
( 1 )
a Pd dispersity after a heat-resistance test at 1050° C. for 25 hours is 0.8% or more.
Abstract:
A method of forming TiO2—ZnO nanoparticles coated by a copper (II) complex includes forming a mononuclear copper complex by treating a ligand with Cu2+ ions; and immobilizing the mononuclear copper complex on TiO2—ZnO nanoparticles to obtain the TiO2—ZnO nanoparticle coated by the copper (II) complex. The TiO2—ZnO nanoparticles coated by a copper (II) complex thus produced have improved catalytic effectiveness and increased efficiency by reducing catalytic reaction time and temperature, particularly in methods of catalyzing oxidation of an alcohol or of catalyzing decarboxylative bromination of an acid.