公开(公告)号：US20180007364A1

公开(公告)日：2018-01-04

申请号：US15201227

申请日：2016-07-01

申请人： Frederic J. Noraz ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Sumit Mohan

发明人： Frederic J. Noraz ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Sumit Mohan

IPC分类号： H04N19/139 ,  H04N19/182 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/15

CPC分类号： H04N19/139 ,  H04N19/102 ,  H04N19/132 ,  H04N19/134 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/182 ,  H04N19/46 ,  H04N19/51

摘要： Techniques related to video coding using content based metadata.

公开(公告)号：US5444575A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-22

申请号：US184716

申请日：1994-01-21

申请人： Joseph E. Augenbraun ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry A. Pearlstein

发明人： Joseph E. Augenbraun ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry A. Pearlstein

IPC分类号： G11B5/008 ,  G11B5/53 ,  G11B15/02 ,  G11B15/087 ,  G11B15/12 ,  G11B15/18 ,  G11B15/467 ,  G11B15/52 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/4147 ,  H04N21/434 ,  G11B15/14 ,  G11B21/04 ,  H04N5/76 ,  H04N5/78

CPC分类号： H04N19/00 ,  G11B15/125 ,  G11B15/1875 ,  G11B15/4673 ,  G11B15/52 ,  G11B5/0086 ,  G11B5/00865 ,  G11B5/534 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/37 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/4147 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N9/8042 ,  G11B15/02 ,  G11B15/087 ,  H04N19/30

摘要： Method for increasing the recording time of a digital video tape recorder ("VTR") and for supporting multiple normal play modes of digital VTR operation, e.g., a standard play mode of operation and one or more long play modes of operation. To achieve long play mode operation data reduction is performed on a received full rate video data stream to generate a reduced rate video data stream. Data reduction is performed using data prioritization and selection, requantization of full rate data stream, and/or by selecting data to be included in the reduced rate data stream as a function of what portion of a video frame the data represents. The reduced rate data stream is generated to be compliant with the data format of the full rate data stream. During long play mode recording operation the data in the reduced rate data stream is recorded on a tape at the same tape data density as used during standard mode VTR operation. In accordance with each of the recording methods of the present invention the rotational rate of the digital VTRs headwheel is the same for both standard and long play modes of VTR operation. In addiction, the present invention is directed to several methods of reading data from a tape at a reduced data rate.

摘要翻译： 用于增加数字录像机（“VTR”）的记录时间并用于支持数字VTR操作的多种正常播放模式的方法，例如标准播放操作模式和一种或多种长时间播放操作模式。 为了实现长播放模式操作，对接收到的全速率视频数据流执行数据缩减以产生降低速率的视频数据流。 使用数据优先化和选择，全速率数据流的重新排序和/或通过选择要包括在降低速率数据流中的数据作为数据表示的视频帧的部分的函数来执行数据缩减。 生成降低速率数据流以符合全速率数据流的数据格式。 在长播放模式记录操作期间，降低速率数据流中的数据以与在标准模式VTR操作期间使用的磁带数据密度相同地记录在磁带上。 根据本发明的每种记录方法，数字VTR前轮的旋转速率对于VTR操作的标准和长时间播放模式是相同的。 成瘾地，本发明涉及从数据速率降低的数据读取数据的几种方法。

公开(公告)号：US5614952A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-25

申请号：US320481

申请日：1994-10-11

申请人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry Pearlstein

发明人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry Pearlstein

IPC分类号： H04N7/30 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T9/00 ,  G11B5/008 ,  G11B15/12 ,  G11B15/18 ,  G11B15/467 ,  H03M7/00 ,  H04N5/44 ,  H04N5/45 ,  H04N5/46 ,  H04N5/7826 ,  H04N7/015 ,  H04N7/24 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/46 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N9/82 ,  H04N21/231 ,  H04N21/2343 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/2662 ,  H04N21/431 ,  H04N21/432 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N21/438 ,  H04N21/4402 ,  H04N21/462

CPC分类号： H04N19/00 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T3/4007 ,  G06T3/4084 ,  G11B5/0086 ,  H04N19/117 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/132 ,  H04N19/137 ,  H04N19/139 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/16 ,  H04N19/162 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/192 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/42 ,  H04N19/423 ,  H04N19/427 ,  H04N19/428 ,  H04N19/44 ,  H04N19/46 ,  H04N19/48 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/513 ,  H04N19/587 ,  H04N19/59 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/70 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/82 ,  H04N19/90 ,  H04N21/23106 ,  H04N21/2343 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/2662 ,  H04N21/4316 ,  H04N21/4325 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N21/4382 ,  H04N21/4402 ,  H04N21/440254 ,  H04N21/440263 ,  H04N21/4621 ,  H04N5/4401 ,  H04N5/45 ,  H04N5/46 ,  H04N9/8042 ,  G11B15/125 ,  G11B15/1875 ,  G11B15/4673 ,  H04N19/13 ,  H04N19/30 ,  H04N19/91 ,  H04N5/78263 ,  H04N9/8227

摘要： Methods and apparatus for reducing the complexity of decoder circuitry and video decoder memory requirements are disclosed. The described video decoders are capable of decoding HDTV pictures at approximately the resolution of standard definition television pictures and can be used to decode HDTV and/or SDTV pictures. The described video decoder may be used as part of a picture-in-picture decoder circuit for providing picture-in-picture capability without providing multiple full resolution video decoders. The reduction in decoder circuit complexity is achieved through the use of a plurality of data reduction techniques including the use of a preparser, downsampling, and truncating pixel values.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于降低解码器电路和视频解码器存储器要求的复杂度的方法和装置。 所描述的视频解码器能够以大约分辨率的标准清晰度电视图像解码HDTV图像，并且可以用于解码HDTV和/或SDTV图像。 所描述的视频解码器可以用作画中画解码器电路的一部分，用于在不提供多个全分辨率视频解码器的情况下提供画中画能力。 解码器电路复杂度的降低通过使用多种数据简化技术来实现，包括使用预备器，下采样和截取像素值。

公开(公告)号：US5592299A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-07

申请号：US311811

申请日：1994-09-26

申请人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Frank A. Lane ,  Larry Pearlstein

发明人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Frank A. Lane ,  Larry Pearlstein

IPC分类号： H04N5/783 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/46 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N5/76 ,  H04N5/78 ,  H04N9/79

CPC分类号： H04N9/8042 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/537 ,  H04N19/577 ,  H04N9/8045 ,  H04N5/783

摘要： Methods and apparatus for processing digital video data to reduce the amount of video data required to represent a video frame by representing a frame or pair of field pictures into a single field of a pair of field picture are described. To prevent the second field of the field picture from being displayed a DSM byte associated with the field picture is set so that only the field representing the video frame is displayed. In accordance with the present invention, a field, e.g., a transparent predictively coded field is used as the field picture which is not displayed. In this manner, very little data is required to represent the field picture that is not displayed. When the received frames are represented as pairs of field pictures a single field of the pair of field pictures is selected to represent the video frame with the other field picture being replaced with a field which requires very little data. When frame pictures are received one of a plurality of numerous described methods of mapping frame pictures into a single field of a pair of field pictures are used to convert the frame picture into a single field of a pair of field pictures. A plurality of methods for reducing the amount of data required to represent the single field of the pair of field pictures are also described.

摘要翻译： 描述了通过将一帧或一对场图像表示成一对场图像的单个场来处理数字视频数据以减少表示视频帧所需的视频数据量的方法和装置。 为了防止场图像的第二场被显示，设置与场图像相关联的DSM字节，使得仅显示表示视频帧的场。 根据本发明，使用例如透明预测编码字段的字段作为不显示的场图像。 以这种方式，需要非常少的数据来表示不显示的场图像。 当接收到的帧被表示为场图像对时，选择一对场图像对中的单个场来表示视频帧，而另一个场图像被替换为需要非常少的数据的场。 当帧图像被接收时，将帧图像映射到一对场图像的单个场中的多种众所周知的方法之一用于将帧图像转换成一对场图像的单个场。 还描述了用于减少表示一对场图像的单个场所需的数据量的多种方法。

公开(公告)号：US5614957A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-25

申请号：US464912

申请日：1995-06-05

申请人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry Pearlstein

发明人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry Pearlstein

IPC分类号： H04N7/30 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T9/00 ,  G11B5/008 ,  G11B15/12 ,  G11B15/18 ,  G11B15/467 ,  H03M7/00 ,  H04N5/44 ,  H04N5/45 ,  H04N5/46 ,  H04N5/7826 ,  H04N7/015 ,  H04N7/24 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/46 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N9/82 ,  H04N21/231 ,  H04N21/2343 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/2662 ,  H04N21/431 ,  H04N21/432 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N21/438 ,  H04N21/4402 ,  H04N21/462

CPC分类号： H04N19/00 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T3/4007 ,  G06T3/4084 ,  G11B5/0086 ,  H04N19/117 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/132 ,  H04N19/137 ,  H04N19/139 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/16 ,  H04N19/162 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/192 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/42 ,  H04N19/423 ,  H04N19/427 ,  H04N19/428 ,  H04N19/44 ,  H04N19/46 ,  H04N19/48 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/513 ,  H04N19/587 ,  H04N19/59 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/70 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/82 ,  H04N19/90 ,  H04N21/23106 ,  H04N21/2343 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/2662 ,  H04N21/4316 ,  H04N21/4325 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N21/4382 ,  H04N21/4402 ,  H04N21/440254 ,  H04N21/440263 ,  H04N21/4621 ,  H04N5/4401 ,  H04N5/45 ,  H04N5/46 ,  H04N9/8042 ,  G11B15/125 ,  G11B15/1875 ,  G11B15/4673 ,  H04N19/13 ,  H04N19/30 ,  H04N19/91 ,  H04N5/78263 ,  H04N9/8227

摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing a reduced cost HDTV/SDTV video decoder are disclosed. The described joint video decoder is capable of decoding HDTV pictures at approximately the resolution of standard definition television pictures and can be used to decode HDTV and/or SDTV pictures. The described video decoder may be used as part of a picture-in-picture decoder circuit for providing picture-in-picture capability without providing multiple full resolution video decoders. The reduction in decoder circuit complexity is achieved through the use of a plurality of data reduction techniques including the use of a preparser, downsampling, and truncating pixel values.

摘要翻译： 公开了实现降低成本的HDTV / SDTV视频解码器的方法和装置。 所描述的联合视频解码器能够以大约分辨率的标准清晰度电视图像解码HDTV图像，并且可以用于解码HDTV和/或SDTV图像。 所描述的视频解码器可以用作画中画解码器电路的一部分，用于在不提供多个全分辨率视频解码器的情况下提供画中画能力。 解码器电路复杂度的降低通过使用多种数据简化技术来实现，包括使用预备器，下采样和截取像素值。

公开(公告)号：US5576902A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-19

申请号：US333097

申请日：1994-11-01

申请人： Frank A. Lane ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  John G. N. Henderson ,  Michael A. Plotnick

发明人： Frank A. Lane ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  John G. N. Henderson ,  Michael A. Plotnick

IPC分类号： H04N5/92 ,  G11B5/008 ,  G11B15/12 ,  G11B15/18 ,  G11B15/467 ,  G11B20/12 ,  G11B27/00 ,  H04N5/00 ,  H04N5/7826 ,  H04N5/783 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/52 ,  H04N7/54 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N9/82 ,  H04N9/888 ,  H04N5/78

CPC分类号： H04N21/4147 ,  G11B15/125 ,  G11B15/1875 ,  G11B15/4675 ,  G11B27/005 ,  G11B5/0086 ,  H04N19/00 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/37 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/895 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N7/54 ,  H04N9/8042 ,  H04N9/888 ,  G11B15/4673 ,  G11B2220/90 ,  H04N19/30 ,  H04N5/78263 ,  H04N5/783 ,  H04N9/8227

摘要： Digital video tape recorder apparatus that generates commands to instruct a television receiver to perform special processing, e.g., processing designed to enhance image quality, on video data received from the digital video tape recorder during trick play operation is disclosed. The commands from the video tape recorder inform the television receiver that the video tape recorder is operating in trick play mode and that video processing not performed on normal play video data output by the video tape recorder during normal play operation should be performed on the trick play video data which is output during trick play operation. The video data output during trick play operation is a subset of the normal play video data. The video processing commands output during trick play operation instruct a receiver to perform video processing intended to compensate for normal play data intentionally omitted by the video tape recorder from the trick play video data because of, e.g., data limitations resulting from the limited amount of data that can be accurately read from a tape during trick play operation. Method of generating the video processing commands which are output to a receiver during trick play video tape recorder operation are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了在特技播放操作期间产生用于指示电视接收机执行特殊处理（例如，旨在提高图像质量的处理）的视频数据的数字录像机装置。 磁带录像机的命令通知电视接收机，磁带录像机正在特技播放模式下操作，并且在正常播放操作期间，由磁带录像机输出的普通播放视频数据不进行视频处理，应在特技播放 在特技播放操作期间输出的视频数据。 在特技播放操作期间输出的视频数据是普通播放视频数据的子集。 在特技播放操作期间输出的视频处理命令指示接收机进行旨在补偿由录像带录像机故意忽略的特技播放视频数据的正常播放数据的视频处理，因为例如由有限数据量产生的数据限制 在特技播放操作期间可以从磁带准确地读取。 还公开了在特技播放录像机操作期间产生输出到接收机的视频处理命令的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5208673A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-04

申请号：US788026

申请日：1991-11-05

申请人： Jill M. Boyce

发明人： Jill M. Boyce

IPC分类号： G06T5/00 ,  H04N5/21 ,  H04N7/26

CPC分类号： H04N5/21 ,  G06T5/002 ,  G06T5/50 ,  H04N19/142 ,  H04N19/179 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/87 ,  G06T2207/10016 ,  G06T2207/20021 ,  G06T2207/20182 ,  G06T2207/20216

摘要： A method for reducing noise in a reference frame of video information by determining the mean absolute difference, MAD.sub.o, between each block in the reference frame and identically located blocks in adjacent frames. If MAD.sub.o is A, a search is made for a block in the adjacent frame that matches the block in the reference frame. This is labelled MAD.sub.min. If MAD.sub.o for the block in the adjacent frame is

摘要翻译： 一种通过确定参考帧中的每个块和相邻帧之间的相同位置的块之间的平均绝对差MADo来减少视频信息的参考帧中的噪声的方法。 如果MADo为 A，则搜索与块中的块相匹配的相邻帧中的块 参考框架。 这被标记为MADmin。 如果相邻帧中的块的MADo为

公开(公告)号：US5668918A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-16

申请号：US602882

申请日：1996-02-16

申请人： Joseph E. Augenbraun ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry A. Pearlstein

发明人： Joseph E. Augenbraun ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Larry A. Pearlstein

IPC分类号： G11B5/008 ,  G11B5/53 ,  G11B15/02 ,  G11B15/087 ,  G11B15/12 ,  G11B15/18 ,  G11B15/467 ,  G11B15/52 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/4147 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N5/782 ,  H04N5/92

CPC分类号： H04N19/00 ,  G11B15/125 ,  G11B15/1875 ,  G11B15/4673 ,  G11B15/52 ,  G11B5/0086 ,  G11B5/00865 ,  G11B5/534 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/37 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/80 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/4147 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N9/8042 ,  G11B15/02 ,  G11B15/087 ,  H04N19/30

摘要： Method for increasing the recording time of a digital video tape recorder ("VTR") and for supporting multiple normal play modes of digital VTR operation, e.g., a standard play mode of operation and one or more long play modes of operation. To achieve long play mode operation data reduction is performed on a received full rate video data stream to generate a reduced rate video data stream. Data reduction is performed using data prioritization and selection, requantization of full rate data stream, and/or by selecting data to be included in the reduced rate data stream as a function of what portion of a video frame the data represents. The reduced rate data stream is generated to be compliant with the data format of the full rate data stream. During long play mode recording operation the data in the reduced rate data stream is recorded on a tape at the same tape data density as used during standard mode VTR operation. In accordance with each of the recording methods of the present invention the rotational rate of the digital VTRs headwheel is the same for both standard and long play modes of VTR operation. In addition, the present invention is directed to several methods of reading data from a tape at a reduced data rate.

摘要翻译： 用于增加数字录像机（“VTR”）的记录时间并用于支持数字VTR操作的多种正常播放模式的方法，例如标准播放操作模式和一种或多种长时间播放操作模式。 为了实现长播放模式操作，对接收到的全速率视频数据流执行数据缩减以产生降低速率的视频数据流。 使用数据优先化和选择，全速率数据流的重新排序和/或通过选择要包括在降低速率数据流中的数据作为数据表示的视频帧的部分的函数来执行数据缩减。 生成降低速率数据流以符合全速率数据流的数据格式。 在长播放模式记录操作期间，降低速率数据流中的数据以与在标准模式VTR操作期间使用的磁带数据密度相同地记录在磁带上。 根据本发明的每种记录方法，数字VTR前轮的旋转速率对于VTR操作的标准和长时间播放模式是相同的。 此外，本发明涉及以减小的数据速率从磁带读取数据的几种方法。

公开(公告)号：US5583650A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-10

申请号：US462877

申请日：1995-06-05

申请人： Frank A. Lane ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  John G. N. Henderson ,  Katsuo Mohri ,  Masafumi Nakamura ,  Takaharu Noguchi ,  Hiroo Okamoto ,  Masuo Oku ,  Michael A. Plotnick

发明人： Frank A. Lane ,  Jill M. Boyce ,  Jack S. Fuhrer ,  John G. N. Henderson ,  Katsuo Mohri ,  Masafumi Nakamura ,  Takaharu Noguchi ,  Hiroo Okamoto ,  Masuo Oku ,  Michael A. Plotnick

IPC分类号： G11B5/008 ,  G11B5/09 ,  G11B15/12 ,  G11B15/18 ,  G11B20/12 ,  G11B27/00 ,  G11B27/30 ,  H04N5/44 ,  H04N5/775 ,  H04N5/7826 ,  H04N5/783 ,  H04N5/93 ,  H04N5/945 ,  H04N7/015 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/52 ,  H04N9/78 ,  H04N9/79 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N9/806 ,  H04N9/82 ,  H04N9/888 ,  H04N19/89 ,  H04N5/76 ,  H04N5/78

CPC分类号： H04N21/4147 ,  G11B15/1875 ,  G11B20/1207 ,  G11B27/005 ,  G11B27/3027 ,  H04N19/37 ,  H04N19/89 ,  H04N21/4334 ,  H04N5/4401 ,  H04N5/93 ,  H04N7/015 ,  H04N7/52 ,  H04N9/78 ,  H04N9/8042 ,  H04N9/8047 ,  G11B15/125 ,  G11B2220/90 ,  G11B5/0086 ,  G11B5/09 ,  H04N5/775 ,  H04N5/78263 ,  H04N5/78266 ,  H04N5/783 ,  H04N5/945 ,  H04N9/7921 ,  H04N9/8066 ,  H04N9/8227 ,  H04N9/888

摘要： Methods of operating a digital video recording and playback device, such as a video tape recorder, to arrange trick play data into one or more groups, to generate error correction bits for each group of trick play data, e.g., a group of trick play data blocks, and to correct the data after being read back using the error correction bits is disclosed. The trick play data blocks are made to be smaller than normal play data blocks with multiple trick play data blocks being equal in size to a single normal play data block. By making a group of trick play data blocks equal in size to a single normal play data block, the group of trick play data blocks may be processed as a unit by the same error correction circuitry and in the same manner used to process individual normal play data blocks. In accordance with one embodiment, the error correction bits for a group of trick play data blocks are calculated treating the data in the group of trick play data blocks as a single unit. The error correction bits are appended to the last data block in the group of trick play data blocks. During trick play operation the trick play data blocks are read back and combined according to trick play data groups. Each group of trick play blocks is then processed using the same error correction circuitry used to process a normal play data block.

摘要翻译： 操作诸如磁带录像机的数字视频记录和回放设备的方法来将特技播放数据排列到一个或多个组中，以为每组特技播放数据生成纠错位，例如一组特技播放数据 块，并且在使用误差校正位读取之后校正数据被公开。 使特技播放数据块小于具有与单个正常播放数据块大小相等的多个特技播放数据块的普通播放数据块。 通过使一组特技播放数据块的大小与单个正常播放数据块相等，该特技播放数据块组可以通过相同的纠错电路以与用于处理各个正常播放相同的方式作为一个单元来处理 数据块。 根据一个实施例，计算一组特技播放数据块的纠错位，将特技播放数据块组中的数据作为一个单位处理。 误差校正位附加到特技播放数据块组中的最后一个数据块。 在特技播放操作期间，根据特技播放数据组读取并组合特技播放数据块。 然后使用用于处理正常播放数据块的相同的纠错电路处理每组特技播放块。

公开(公告)号：US07151754B1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-19

申请号：US09668242

申请日：2000-09-22

申请人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Haitao Zheng

发明人： Jill M. Boyce ,  Haitao Zheng

IPC分类号： H04Q7/00

CPC分类号： H04L1/0045 ,  H03M13/1515 ,  H03M13/373 ,  H04L1/0041 ,  H04L1/0057 ,  H04L1/0072 ,  H04L1/1838 ,  H04W80/06

摘要： A complete User Datagram Protocol (CUDP) is disclosed that reduces packet loss. Channel frame error information is used with a packet level forward error correction (FEC) coding technique to accommodate wireless multimedia traffic. Each packet, as well as the channel frame error information, is forwarded to a given application. The CUDP protocol further assists the FEC decoding process by forwarding the locations of corrupted frames to the FEC decoder. Maximal Distance Separable (MDS) codes can be applied to a group of packets, to achieve additional robustness. An MDS decoder utilizes the frame error information to recognize the erasures within each packet. The error information can be represented as a set of LTU error indicators associated with each packet (for FEC decoders requiring an erasure indicator). The error indicators point to the starting and ending location of the erroneous data. The error information can also be represented as a reformatted packet (for FEC decoders Recognizing Erasures). The frame (LTU) error information from the lower layers is incorporated in the packet payload. An FEC encoder is also disclosed that encodes multimedia packets utilizing a packet-coding scheme, such as a Vertical Packet Coding (VPC) scheme or a Long Vertical Packet Coding (LVPC) scheme.