摘要:
In a process for the hydrogenation of multiply unsaturated C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbons, in particular C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkynes and/or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkynenes and/or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -alkadienes in fluids comprising these by contact with a catalyst packing in the presence of free hydrogen, the catalyst packing can be produced by applying at least one substance which is active as catalyst and/or promoter to woven or knitted meshes or foils as support material.
摘要:
A catalyst packing which can be produced by vapor deposition and/or sputtering of at least one substance active as catalyst and/or promotor onto woven or knitted fabrics or sheets as support material is used in a process for catalytic distillation in which a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction is combined with a simultaneous distillation or rectification over the catalyst packing.
摘要:
Monomodal or polymodal catalyst supports or catalysts having a BET specific surface area of from 0.01 to 250 m.sup.2 /g and a monomodal or polymodal pore size distribution having a mean pore diameter of from 50 to 300,000 nm measured by the mercury pressure porosimetry method, whereina) from 10 to 95% of the pore volume is at from 0.2 to 100 times the mean pore diameter and/orb) from 10 to 80% of the pore volume is at from 0.8 to 100 times the mean pore diameter and/orc) from 50 to 95% of the pore volume is at from 0.2 to 1 times the mean pore diameter and/ord) from 50 to 80% of the pore volume is at from 0.8 to 1 times the mean pore diameter ande) the width at half height of the pore size distribution is less than 0.6 times the mean pore diameter, whichare useful for the preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride in a non-steady-state Deacon process, for the reaction of ethylbenzene to give styrene in a non-steady-state oxydehydrogenation, for preparing aziridine from ethanolamine, in reductions, hydrogenations, oxidations, dehydrogenations, acid- or base-catalyzed reactions or reactions in a fluidized bed, for removing combustion residues from diesel exhaust gases and for removing NO.sub.x from waste gases, in bioreactors together with bacteria and as biocatalyst supports with immobilized enzymes or microbes, and a process for producing said monomodal or polymodal catalyst support or catalyst.
摘要:
Monomodal or polymodal catalyst supports or catalysts having a BET specific surface area of from 0.01 to 250 m.sup.2 /g and a monomodal or polymodal pore size distribution having a mean pore diameter of from 50 to 300,000 nm measured by the mercury pressure porosimetry method, whereina) from 10 to 95% of the pore volume is at from 0.1 to 3 times the mean pore diameter and/orb) from 10 to 80% of the pore volume is at from 0.4 to 3 times the mean pore diameter and/orc) from 50 to 95% of the pore volume is at from 0.1 to 1 times the mean pore diameter and/ord) from 50 to 80% of the pore volume is at from 0.4 to 1 times the mean pore diameter ande) the width at half height of the pore size distribution is less than 0.5 times the mean pore diameter,which are useful for preparing chlorine from hydrogen chloride in a non-steady-state Deacon process, for the reaction of ethylbenzene to give styrene in a non-steady-state oxydehydrogenation, for preparing aziridine from ethanolamine, in reductions, hydrogenations, oxidations, dehydrogenations, acid- or base-catalyzed reactions or reactions in a fluidized bed, for removing combustion residues from diesel exhaust gases and for removing NO.sub.x from waste gases, in bioreactors together with bacteria and as biocatalyst supports with immobilized enzymes or microbes, and a process for producing said monomodal or polymodal catalyst supports or catalysts.
摘要:
A silica-supported catalyst suitable for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene in hydrocarbonaceous streams, comprising from 0.001 to 1% by weight, based on the supported catalyst, of palladium and from 0.005 to 5% by weight, based on the supported catalyst, of at least one promoter metal of groups 1 and 2 of the periodic table, obtainable by impregnating a silica support with a solution comprising at least one promoter metal, drying the impregnated support, impregnating with a palladium-including solution, drying and calcining.
摘要:
A silica-supported catalyst suitable for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene in hydrocarbonaceous streams, comprising from 0.001 to 1% by weight, based on the supported catalyst, of palladium and from 0.005 to 5% by weight, based on the supported catalyst, of at least one promoter metal of groups 1 and 2 of the periodic table, obtainable by impregnating a silica support with a solution comprising at least one promoter metal, drying the impregnated support, impregnating with a palladium-including solution, drying and calcining.
摘要:
A process for preparing aliphatic alpha,omega-amino nitrites by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst used for the partial hydrogenation comprises (a) iron or a compound based on iron or mixtures thereof and (b) from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on 2,3,4 or 5 elements selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, zirconium, titanium and vanadium and (c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
摘要:
A catalyst comprising, in its active composition, from 0.05 to 1.0% by weight of at least one metal or compound of a metal of the 10th group of the Periodic Table of the Elements and from 0.05 to 1.0% by weight of at least one metal or compound of a metal of the 11th group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, with the weight ratio of the metal of the 11th group to the metal of the 10th group being from 0.95 to 1.05, and, as support, an SiO2-containing catalyst support having a BET surface area of from 2 to 400 m2/g, wherein at least 20% of the total pore volume of the catalyst is made up by pores having a diameter greater than 100 nanometers, can be used in processes for removing alkynes, dienes and/or monounsaturated hydrocarbons from streams of materials.
摘要:
A process for coproduction of 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine starting from a mixture comprising a phosphorus-containing compound and essentially adiponitrile and obtained by reaction of butadiene with hydrocyanic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprising a phosphorus-containing compound comprises(1) reducing the weight proportion of phosphorus-containing compound, calculated as phosphorus, in the mixture,(2) partially hydrogenating the resulting mixture in the presence of a catalyst to form an .alpha.,.omega.-aminonitrile, and(3) removing 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine from the mixture.
摘要:
A process for preparing an NH.sub.2 -containing compound by hydrogenating a compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-nitrogen bond with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst at temperatures not below room temperature and elevated hydrogen partial pressure in the presence or absence of a solvent which process includes the following steps: a) using a catalyst comprising a cobalt- and/or iron-containing catalyst, and b) after the conversion based on the compound to be hydrogenated and/or the selectivity based on the desired product has or have dropped below a defined value or the amount of an unwanted by-product has risen beyond a defined value, interrupting the hydrogenation by stopping the feed of the compound to be hydrogenated and of the solvent, if used, c) treating the catalyst at from 150.degree. to 400.degree. C. with hydrogen using a hydrogen pressure within the range from 0.1 to 30 MPa and a treatment time within the range from 2 to 48 h, and d) subsequently continuing the hydrogenation of the compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-nitrogen bond.