摘要:
An electrically driven automotive vehicle including an electric motor for driving the vehicle, an electric energy storage device for storing an electric energy for operating the electric motor, the storage device having a plurality of storage portions which can be charged and discharged independently of each other, and a fully discharging device for fully discharging at least one of the storage portions, when an amount of electric energy stored in at least one of the other of the storage portions is larger than a predetermined threshold.
摘要:
A starting control apparatus of the present invention prevents a variation in output torque of an internal combustion engine at a time of starting the internal combustion engine, while effectively reducing an emission. In response to a requirement for starting an engine (150) (S212), a controller (180) calculates an idle revolving speed Ni that is a target at a starting time and a required amount of the air Qi for maintaining the idle revolving speed Ni (S213). The idle revolving speed Ni and the required amount of the air Qi are respectively set equal to a target engine speed Ne* and a target amount of air intake Q* (S214). The controller (180) sets torque command values Tm1* and Tm2* of first and second motors MG1 and MG2, in order to enable the motors MG1 and MG2 to generate a cranking torque required for revolving the engine (150) at the target revolving speed Ne* (S216 and S218), and controls the first motor MG1 and the second motor MG2 (S220 and S222). The controller (180) subsequently adjusts the amount of air intake Q into the engine (150) to the target amount of air intake Q* by idle speed control (S224). After the revolving speed Ne of the engine (150) and the amount of air intake Q are stabilized, the controller (180) starts fuel injection control and ignition timing control (S230) to start the engine (150). The amount of fuel injection and the ignition timing are determined according to the target engine speed Ne* and the target amount of air intake Q*.
摘要:
Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.
摘要:
Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.
摘要:
Apparatus for controlling a drive source brake force to be applied to a hybrid drive vehicle including an engine, an electric motor, and a transmission, the apparatus including a manually operated member for selecting one of different degrees of application of a drive source brake to the vehicle, an electric generator driven by a kinetic energy of the vehicle to generate an electric energy and apply as the drive source brake a regenerative brake force corresponding to the generated electric energy to the vehicle, and an electricity generation control device for controlling the electric energy generated by the electric generator, depending upon the selected degree of the drive source brake application. The apparatus may include a shift control device for changing the speed ratio of the transmission so that an engine brake force produced by the engine as the drive source brake is controlled depending upon the selected degree of the drive source brake application. The regenerative brake or engine brake is selectively applied depending upon the electric energy amount stored in an electric energy storage device.
摘要:
A production method of a rolling/sliding part which includes applying a spherodizing annealing treatment to a steel to render an average particle diameter of the carbide of the surface layer portion in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 μm and a maximum particle diameter thereof 4 μm, to render the surface hardness 62 or more by Rockwell C hardness and to render a solid solution carbon amount in a residual austenite of the surface layer portion in a range of 0.95 to 1.15% by weight.
摘要:
There is provided a bearing constituent member capable of achieving a long life of a rolling bearing and securing sufficient static loading capacity and dimensional stability and a production process thereof as well as a rolling bearing having a long life and exhibiting sufficient static loading capacity and dimensional stability.A workpiece obtained from a steel containing 3.2 to 5.0% by mass of Cr and 0.05% by mass or more to less than 0.5% by mass of V is subjected to a heat treatment such as a carbonitriding treatment.Thereby, the following are achieved: the content of C in the surface layer ranging from the surface of the bearing constituent member of the rolling bearing to 10 μm is 1.1 to 1.6% by mass, Vickers hardness at the position of a depth of 50 μm from the surface is 740 to 900 (Rockwell C hardness is 62 to 67), the γ amount at the position of a depth of 10 μm from the surface is 20 to 55% by volume, particles composed of vanadium nitride having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 2 μm and/or particles composed of vanadium carbonitride having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 2 μm are present in the surface layer ranging from the surface to 10 μm, and the area ratio of the particles in the surface layer ranging from the surface to 10 μm is 1 to 10%.
摘要:
The invention provides a rolling-sliding part which can attain more prolonged service lives even when used in rolling bearings which are exposed to contaminated lubricating oil. Rolling-sliding parts are made of steel which contains C: 0.7 to 0.9 wt. %, Si: 0.05 to 0.7 wt. %, Mn: 0.05 to 0.7 wt. %, Cr: 3.2 to 5.0 wt. %, Al: 0.04 wt. % or less, P: 0.03 wt. % or less, S: 0.03 wt. % or less, Ti: 0.005 wt. % or less, O: 0.0015 wt. % or less, at least one of Mo: less than 1.0 wt. % and V: less than 0.50 wt. %, and Fe and unavoidable impurities: balance, and which has a carburized layer in the surface. The precipitated carbide content of the layer is adjusted to 9 to 30% in terms of area ratio. At least 50% of the precipitated carbides present in the layer are of M7C3-type and/or M23C6-type in terms of area ratio. The average particle size of the carbides present in the layer is adjusted to 0.2 to 0.4 μm and the residual austenite content of the layer is adjusted to 35 to 60%.
摘要:
An oil pressure controller of an automatic transmission which is capable of supplying engaging pressures to hydraulic servos of two frictional engaging elements which require different engaging pressures by a single pressure governing valve with a good pressure governing accuracy. The oil pressure controller comprises a hydraulic power source (10), hydraulic servos (70 and 80), signal pressure generating means (20), a pressure governing valve (30) for governing an oil pressure (P.sub.s) from the hydraulic power source (10) by a signal pressure (P.sub.ACC) and a control valve (40). The pressure governing valve (30)has a pressure receiving face A.sub.1 to which the signal pressure is applied, a pressure receiving face A.sub.2 to which the engaging pressure (P.sub.s) is fed back in the opposite direction and a pressure receiving face (A.sub.3) for selecting whether the feedback of the engaging pressure is present or not in order to change the control gain of the pressure governing valve (30)in response to the change of the control valve (40) for selecting the hydraulic servo (70 or 80) to which the oil pressure is supplied.
摘要:
When an engine is in operation an ignition switch is turned off by a driver an ECU executes a program including the step of actuating an electric motor driven oil pump.