摘要:
Concentrates containing specific functionalised diblock copolymers serve as effective additives for improving the cold flow behaviour of fuels and oils, the copolymers being derived from a terminally-unsaturated intermediate polymer obtained via a metallocene process involving hydrogen.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for the preparation of a poly(null-olefin) polymer wherein the process comprises polymerizing at least one null-olefin in the presence of hydrogen and a catalytically effective amount of catalyst comprising the product obtained by combining a metallocene catalyst with a cocatalyst, the metallocene catalyst being at least one meso compound of general formula: 1 wherein: A1 and A2 are independently selected from the group consisting of mononuclear and polynuclear hydrocarbons; M1 is a metal from group IVb, Vb, or VIb of the Periodic Table; R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10-alkoxy, C6-C10 aryl, C6-C10 aryloxy, C2-C10 alkenyl, C7-C40 arylalkyl, C7-C40 alkylaryl, C8-C40 arylalkenyl and halogen; R7 is selected from the group consisting of: 2 nullBR11, nullAlR11, nullGenull, nullSnnull, nullOnull, nullSnull, nullSO, nullSO2, nullNR11, nullCO, nullPR11 and nullP(O)R11, where R11, R12, and R13 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 fluoroalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, C6-C10 fluoroaryl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C2-C10 alkenyl, C7-C40 arylalkyl, C8-C40 arylalkenyl, and C7-C40 alkylaryl, or R11 and R12 or R11 and R13, in each case with the atoms connecting them, form a ring; and M2 is selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, and tin; R8 and R9 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 fluoroalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, C6-C10 fluoroaryl, C1-C10 alkoxy, C2-C10 alkenyl, C7-C40 arylalkyl, C8-C40 arylalkenyl, and C7-C40 alkylaryl; m and n are identical or different and are zero, 1, or 2, with m plus n being zero, 1 or 2.
摘要:
Copolymers based on ethylene and unsaturated carboxylic esters and their use as mineral oil additives. The invention relates to copolymers of low olefins and vinyl esters, containing a) from 85 to 97 mol % of bivalent structural units of the formula 1 —CH2—CR1R2— 1 in which R1 and R2, independently of one another, are hydrogen or methyl, and b) at least 3 mol % of bivalent structural units of the formula 2 in which R3 is saturated, branched C6-C16-alkyl which has a tertiary carbon atom, wherein R3 is bonded by its tertiary carbon atom to the carboxyl function. The copolymers according to the invention are used as flow improvers for mineral oil distillates.
摘要:
Terpolymers obtained by copolymerization of ethylene, a vinyl ester of at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid of 2 to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule and bicyclo�2.2.1!hept-2-ene (also referred to as norbornene) or its derivatives, a process for their preparation and their use as additives for mineral oils and mineral oil distillates.
摘要:
Compositions comprising (a) an ethylene-mixed unsaturated ester copolymer or (b) two or more ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymers differing in their ester chains improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils.
摘要:
This invention provides hydrocarbon oil compositions comprising a major amount of a hydrocarbon oil and, as active ingredients, minor amounts of a copolymer of at least one n-(C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -alkyl) (meth)acrylate with maleic anhydride, and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a homopolymer or copolymer derived from an unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer, an ester and a wax anti-settling additive; additive concentrates containing the active ingredients and use of the latter in improving the cold flow properties of hydrocarbon oils.
摘要:
Degraded molecular weight copolymers of ethylene alpha-olefin are provided. The ethylene alpha-olefin copolymers, before degradation, are characterized by having a narrow molecular weight distribution and are comprised of intramolecularly heterogeneous and intermolecularly homogeneous copolymer chains. The degraded copolymers are useful as viscosity index improvers for oils.
摘要:
A polymeric additive for lubricating oils comprises an oil soluble copolymer of at least one diester of fumaric or maleic acid with a C3- 18 aliphatic alcohol and at least one mono-ester of fumaric or maleic acid with such an alcohol, the copolymer being derived from a polymerization mixture comprising 0.05-5% of a compound containing more than one vinyl or vinylidene groups. Specification 978,533 describes lubricating oil compositions containing these polymers and also their preparation. Specification 906,412 also is referred to.
摘要:
1,133,277. Adhesive coatings. AIR REDUCTION CO. Inc. 30 March, 1967, No. 14582/67. Heading B2E. [Also in Divisions C3 and C5] A substrate is coated with a composition comprising a water soluble-organic solvent insoluble remoistenable adhesive and a water insoluble-organic solvent soluble copolymer containing 40-95% by wt. of vinyl acetate units and 5-60% of alkoxy polyalkylene glycol ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid half-ester units of average molecular weight 100-1400, the weight ratio of adhesive to copolymer being 1:2-100:1. In an example a copolymer of vinyl acetate and an alkoxy, polyethylene glycol maleate half-ester was compounded with dextrine or polyvinyl alcohol and toluene and ethyl acetate and applied to paper sheets.