Abstract:
A coated substrate including: a substrate including a treated layer, a photocatalytic layer, and a protective layer between the photocatalytic layer and the treated layer, the protective layer comprising colloidal particles dispersed in a matrix, the colloidal particles including first and second types of particles that differ in their respective particle size distributions and which together provide a physical barrier by virtue of the first, smaller particles at least partially filling interstices between the second, larger particles and thereby impede photocatalyst derived degradation of the treated layer, the first type of colloid particles comprising hydrolyzed silica based material such as reactive silica condensate particles or polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes, or mixtures thereof, the protective layer having an effect of less than 20 delta E units on the color and gloss of the substrate.
Abstract:
A process for the production of an ester product from a mixture of at least two different ester compounds includes the steps of mixing together at least two different starting ester compounds to form a first ester mixture; and contacting the first ester mixture with a catalyst including from 30-60% of calcium oxide and at least one second metal oxide at a temperature of at least 180° C., for a duration of at least one hour, with mixing, to form a second ester mixture having a melting point which is lower than the melting point of the first ester mixture.
Abstract:
A coated substrate including a substrate including a treated layer, a photocatalytic layer, and a protective layer for impeding photocatalyst derived degradation of the treated layer, the protective layer being provided between the photocatalytic layer and the treated layer, the protective layer comprising colloidal particles distributed in a matrix comprised at least partly of an organosilicon phase which is oxidizable by the reactive oxygen species to form a non-volatile inorganic phase, wherein the organosilicon phase includes a surfactant incorporating an organosilicon component.
Abstract:
Disclosed are novel metallic nanoparticles coated with a thin protective carbon shell, and three-dimensional nano-metallic sponges; methods of preparation of the nanoparticles; and uses for these novel materials, including wood preservation, strengthening of polymer and fiber/polymer building materials, and catalysis.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a method of preparing an iron carbide/carbon nanocomposite catalyst containing potassium for high temperature Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reaction and the iron carbide/carbon nanocomposite catalyst prepared thereby, and a method of manufacturing a liquid hydrocarbon using the same and a liquid hydrocarbon manufactured thereby, wherein a porous carbon support is uniformly impregnated with an iron hydrate using melt infiltration, and potassium is also supported together via various addition processes, including a pre-addition process of a potassium salt which is ground upon impregnation with the iron hydrate, or a mid- or post-addition process of a potassium solution using incipient wetness impregnation after impregnation with the iron hydrate. Accordingly, the highly active iron carbide/potassium/carbon composite catalyst for high temperature FT reaction in which 5˜30 wt % of active iron carbide particles are supported on the porous carbon support can be obtained and is structurally stable to heat even in high temperature FT reaction of 300° C. or more, and liquid hydrocarbons can be selectively obtained at high yields.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for preventing the contamination by platinum of an SCR catalyst in an exhaust-gas treatment system, said system comprising an oxidation catalyst containing platinum on the inflow side of the SCR catalyst. The outflow side of the oxidation catalyst comprises a material zone which removes traces of platinum contained in the exhaust-gas stream.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing a protected reduced supported metal catalyst powder, in particular catalysts used in a variety of chemical reactions, such as the hydrogenation of hydrocarbon compounds in petrochemical and oleochemical processes; the hydrogenation of unsaturated fats and oils, and unsaturated hydrocarbon resins; and in the Fischer Tropsch process. This invention also relates to a composition comprising said catalyst and a liquid. In accordance with the invention there is provided a process for preparing a protected, reduced metal catalyst on a support, wherein said supported catalyst is in the form of a powder, which process comprises contacting and mixing said supported catalyst with a liquid in an inert atmosphere and wherein the amount of liquid corresponds to up to five times the amount required for incipient wetness.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for producing a supported tin-comprising catalyst, wherein a solution (S) comprising tin nitrate and at least one complexing agent is applied to the support, where the solution (S) does not comprise any solid or has a solids content of not more than 0.5% by weight based on the total amount of dissolved components.
Abstract:
A process for removing mercury from a gas or liquid phase, wherein the gas or liquid phase containing mercury is placed in contact with a composition comprising a precipitated metal sulfide. The precipitated metal sulfide may be made by the process of combining a metal source, sulfide source, and modifier to form the precipitated metal sulfide. The metal source may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, or gold salts. The metal salt may be selected from metal nitrate, metal sulfate, metal phosphate, metal acetate, metal carbonate, metal hydroxide, metal ammonium carbonate, and metal hydroxycarbonate. The sulfide source is selected from hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), salts of sulfide (S2-), salts of hydrosulfide (HS—), and salts of polysulfide (Sn2-). The modifier may be selected from alumina, silica, aluminosilicate, clay, zeolites, carbon, cement, titania, zirconia.
Abstract:
A method of preparing a catalyst coating solution may realize high purification performance by preventing the active surface of a catalyst from being reduced, and may greatly improve the durability of a catalyst by preventing soot from directly coming into contact with a catalyst layer containing a precious metal so that the catalyst layer can continuously exhibit proper purification performance. A method of manufacturing a catalyst body using the catalyst coating solution, and a catalyst body manufactured by the method are also described.