公开(公告)号：US09481840B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-01

申请号：US12798787

申请日：2010-04-09

Applicant: James E. Smith, Jr. ,  Gregory E. Ogden ,  Clinton J. Brown ,  Paul M. Frisby ,  Sahar A. Torabzadeh

Inventor： James E. Smith, Jr. ,  Gregory E. Ogden ,  Clinton J. Brown ,  Paul M. Frisby ,  Sahar A. Torabzadeh

IPC: C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C06B47/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/02 ,  C06B47/00

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include one-step synthesis to prepare a hypergolic green Fuel (HGF) propellant from 2-Hydroxyethylhydrazine (HEH) via a “one-step synthesis method”. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure include fully nitrated HGF and partially nitrated HGF and formulations containing Hydroxyethylhydrazinium Nitrate (HEHN) and acetone, where the HEHN is produced independently.

Abstract translation: 本公开的实施方案包括通过“一步合成方法”从2-羟基乙基肼（HEH）制备高通绿色燃料（HGF）推进剂的一步合成。 此外，本公开的实施方案包括完全硝化的HGF和部分硝化的HGF以及含有羟基乙酰肼硝酸盐（HEHN）和丙酮的制剂，其中HEHN独立地生产。

公开(公告)号：US09452993B2

公开(公告)日：2016-09-27

申请号：US14421093

申请日：2013-08-12

Applicant: Council of Scientific & Industrial Research

Inventor： Pushpito Kumar Ghosh ,  Dibyendu Mondal ,  Pratyush Maiti ,  Kamalesh Prasad ,  Subarna Maiti ,  Bharti Gunvantray Shah ,  Arup Kumar Siddhanta

IPC: C05D1/00 ,  C07D307/46 ,  C07H3/02 ,  C07C51/31 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/28

CPC classification number: C07D307/46 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/283 ,  C02F2303/02 ,  C05D1/00 ,  C05D1/02 ,  C07C51/31 ,  C07H3/02 ,  C08B37/0042 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1885 ,  C10L1/2493 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L2290/02 ,  C10L2290/04 ,  C10L2290/10 ,  C10L2290/12 ,  C10L2290/24 ,  C10L2290/28 ,  C10L2290/38 ,  C10L2290/44 ,  C10L2290/543 ,  C10L2290/544 ,  C10L2290/547 ,  C10L2290/548 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/30 ,  Y02P20/125 ,  Y02P20/136 ,  Y02W10/37

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated process for the production of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), K2SO4, levulinic acid and formic acid from κ-carrageenan, the latter being obtained from fresh Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed biomass after expelling the juice. Mg(HSO4)2 was used in HMF synthesis, with co-production of galactose. The aqueous stream after HMF extraction was treated with the seaweed juice which process facilitated recovery of K2SO4 in pure form. The galactose may be utilised for synthesis of levulinic acid and formic acid before or after K2SO4 recovery or, alternatively, utilised for other purposes. Catalysts required in the synthetic reactions are generated in the process itself while the process energy required is met out of additional supplies of the seaweed biomass which is subjected to combustion/gasification.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种从κ-角叉菜胶生产5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF），K 2 SO 4，乙酰丙酸和甲酸的综合方法，后者是在榨出果汁后从新鲜的Kappaphycal alvarezii海藻生物量获得的。 Mg（HSO4）2用于HMF合成，共同生产半乳糖。 HMF萃取后的水流用海藻汁处理，该方法便于纯化形式回收K 2 SO 4。 K2SO4回收前后，半乳糖可用于合成乙酰丙酸和甲酸，或者用于其他目的。 在合成反应中需要的催化剂在工艺本身中产生，而所需的工艺能量通过进行燃烧/气化的海藻生物质的额外供应来满足。

公开(公告)号：US09447350B2

公开(公告)日：2016-09-20

申请号：US13964873

申请日：2013-08-12

Applicant: Inaeris Technologies, LLC

Inventor： Maria Magdalena Ramirez-Corredores ,  Changan Zhang

IPC: C10G3/00 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C11B13/00 ,  C11C3/00 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G1/08 ,  C10G1/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/19 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G1/08 ,  C10G3/42 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/1037 ,  C10G2300/301 ,  C10G2300/80 ,  C10G2300/802 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C11B13/00 ,  C11C3/00 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20 ,  Y02W30/74

Abstract: A process and system for separating a light fraction, a bio-distillate fraction, and a heavy fraction from a bio-oil, and for producing a renewable distillate including at least in part the bio-distillate fraction and a stabilizing additive, is provided. In addition, a process and system is provided for upgrading a bio-oil by use of a diluent and/or a recycle stream from the upgrading process to reduce fouling in upgrading equipment, such as a preheater and a hydrodeoxygenation unit.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于从生物油分离轻馏分，生物馏出物馏分和重馏分，以及用于生产至少部分包括生物馏分和稳定添加剂的可再生馏出物的方法和系统。 此外，提供了一种通过使用稀释剂和/或来自升级过程的再循环流来升级生物油的方法和系统，以减少升级设备如预热器和加氢脱氧单元中的结垢。

公开(公告)号：US09447340B2

公开(公告)日：2016-09-20

申请号：US13421108

申请日：2012-03-15

Applicant: William E. Olliges

Inventor： William E. Olliges

IPC: C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/02

CPC classification number: C10L1/04 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1291 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/328 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10L2200/0423 ,  C10L2270/02

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel additive formulation that is designed to inhibit and/or reverse phase separation in Ethanol Blended Fuels (EBFs). The additive may further have the characteristics of reducing friction, corrosion, and wear in internal combustion engines that run on EBFs. The fuel additive in accordance with the present invention is a formulation of hexylene glycol and boric acid. Minimization of phase separation and reduction of engine wear and degradation due to friction and deposit formation is expected to result in increased engine efficiency, extension of engine life, and reduction in repair and maintenance costs.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种设计用于在乙醇混合燃料（EBF）中抑制和/或逆相分离的燃料添加剂配方。 添加剂可以进一步具有减少在EBF上运行的内燃机中摩擦，腐蚀和磨损的特性。 根据本发明的燃料添加剂是己二醇和硼酸的制剂。 预期相位分离的最小化和由于摩擦和沉积物形成引起的发动机磨损和降解的降低将导致发动机效率的提高，发动机寿命的延长以及维修和维护成本的降低。

公开(公告)号：US20160250586A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-01

申请号：US15027401

申请日：2014-10-03

Applicant: Leslie William BOLTON ,  John Glenn SUNLEY ,  BP p.l.c.

Inventor： Leslie William Bolton ,  John Glenn Sunley

IPC: B01D53/26 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C07C29/76 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01D53/28

CPC classification number: B01D53/261 ,  B01D15/00 ,  B01D53/28 ,  B01D2253/108 ,  B01D2253/116 ,  C07C29/76 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2290/542 ,  C12P7/06 ,  C12P7/16 ,  C07C31/08

Abstract: A process for reducing the water and carboxylic acid content of an alcohol composition comprising at least one alcohol having one to four carbon atoms, water and at least one carboxylic acid having from one to four carbon atoms, wherein said process comprises contacting the alcohol composition with a desiccant bed comprising at least one porous inorganic oxide material at elevated temperature, wherein at least one of the porous inorganic oxide material(s) contains Bransted acid sites and/or neutralised Bransted acid sites.

Abstract translation: 一种降低包含至少一种具有1-4个碳原子的醇的醇组合物的水和羧酸含量的方法，水和至少一种具有1-4个碳原子的羧酸，其中所述方法包括使醇组合物与 包括至少一种多孔无机氧化物材料的干燥剂床，其中所述多孔无机氧化物材料中的至少一种含有布朗斯台德酸性位点和/或中性的布朗斯登酸性位点。

公开(公告)号：US09421512B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-23

申请号：US14596805

申请日：2015-01-14

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Juben Nemchand Chheda ,  Thomas Lamar Flowers ,  Joseph Broun Powell

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/06 ,  C10G3/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/245 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J2219/24 ,  C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/065 ,  C10G3/42 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C13K1/02 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: When processing cellulosic biomass, it may be desirable for a digestion unit to operate without being fully depressurized for process efficiency purposes. Methods for processing cellulosic biomass may comprise providing a biomass conversion system comprising a pressurization zone and a digestion unit that are operatively connected to one another; providing cellulosic biomass at a first pressure; introducing at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass into the pressurization zone and pressurizing the pressurization zone to a second pressure higher than the first pressure; after pressurizing the pressurization zone, transferring at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass from the pressurization zone to the digestion unit, which is at a third pressure that is less than or equal to the second pressure but higher than the first pressure; and digesting at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass in the digestion unit to produce a hydrolysate comprising soluble carbohydrates.

Abstract translation: 当处理纤维素生物质时，为了过程效率目的，消化单元可能需要操作而没有完全减压。 处理纤维素生物质的方法可以包括提供生物质转化系统，其包括可操作地彼此连接的加压区和消化单元; 在第一压力下提供纤维素生物质; 将至少一部分纤维素生物质引入加压区并将加压区加压至高于第一压力的第二压力; 在对加压区进行加压之后，将至少一部分纤维素生物质从加压区转移到消化单元，消化单元处于小于或等于第二压力但高于第一压力的第三压力; 并消化消化单元中的至少一部分纤维素生物质以产生包含可溶性碳水化合物的水解产物。

公开(公告)号：US20160237362A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-18

申请号：US15045995

申请日：2016-02-17

Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

Inventor： George A. OLAH ,  G.K. Surya PRAKASH

IPC: C10L3/00 ,  F02B43/10

CPC classification number: C10L3/00 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L2270/023 ,  C10L2270/026 ,  C10L2270/04 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02D19/0655 ,  F02D19/066 ,  F02D19/084 ,  F02M2200/05 ,  Y02T10/36

Abstract: The common interchangeable use of a high methanol content fuel for use in all types of internal combustion engines, including cars, trucks, vehicles for transportation use (ships, boats, locomotives, airplanes, etc.), various other equipment and turbines. The engines are converted to be able to use these fuels although further vehicles can be made with components that would allow such fuels to be used. These methanol fuels are renewable and environmentally benign when produced from carbon dioxide capture and recycling of their combustion or other use.

Abstract translation: 用于所有类型内燃机（包括汽车，卡车，运输用途车辆（船舶，机车，机车，飞机等）），各种其他设备和涡轮机的高甲醇含量燃料的共同互换使用。 发动机被转换为能够使用这些燃料，尽管可以使用允许使用这种燃料的部件来制造更多的车辆。 这些甲醇燃料在二氧化碳捕获和回收其燃烧或其他用途时产生的可再生能源和环境友好型。

公开(公告)号：US09410168B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-09

申请号：US14813804

申请日：2015-07-30

Applicant: Calysta, Inc.

Inventor： Joshua A. Silverman ,  Sol M. Resnick ,  Michael Mendez ,  Renee M. Saville ,  Sungwon Lee ,  Luan Nguyen

IPC: C12P7/64 ,  C12N15/74 ,  C12P5/00 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C12N9/16 ,  C12N9/00 ,  C12N1/16 ,  C12N1/20 ,  C12N9/10 ,  C10G47/00

CPC classification number: C12P7/6409 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G47/00 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2270/02 ,  C10L2270/04 ,  C10L2290/26 ,  C12N1/16 ,  C12N1/20 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/16 ,  C12N9/93 ,  C12N15/52 ,  C12N15/74 ,  C12P5/00 ,  C12P7/6463 ,  C12P7/649 ,  C12R1/01 ,  C12Y203/01039 ,  C12Y301/02 ,  C12Y602/01003 ,  C12Y604/01002 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02E50/343 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to bioengineering approaches for producing biofuel and, in particular, to the use of a C1 metabolizing microorganism reactor system for converting C1 substrates, such as methane or methanol, into biomass and subsequently into biofuels, bioplastics, or the like.

Abstract translation: 本公开涉及用于生产生物燃料的生物工程方法，特别是使用C1代谢微生物反应器系统来将C1底物如甲烷或甲醇转化为生物质，随后转化为生物燃料，生物塑料等。

公开(公告)号：US09388356B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-12

申请号：US14340830

申请日：2014-07-25

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Timothy Michael Shea ,  Trevor James Davies ,  Michael Clifford Macknay ,  Hanane Belmokaddem Bennis

IPC: C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/182 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L10/10 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L10/14

CPC classification number: C10L10/10 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L10/14 ,  C10L2200/0259 ,  C10L2200/0423 ,  C10L2270/04 ,  C10L2300/40

Abstract: High octane unleaded aviation fuel compositions having high aromatics content and CHN content of at least 98 wt %, less than 2 wt % of oxygen content, an adjusted heat of combustion of at least 43.5 MJ/kg, a vapor pressure in the range of 38 to 49 kPa is provided.

Abstract translation: 高辛烷值无铅航空燃料组合物，其芳族化合物含量高，CHN含量至少为98重量％，氧含量小于2重量％，调节后的燃烧热为43.5兆焦耳/公斤，蒸气压为38 至49 kPa。

公开(公告)号：US09382502B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-05

申请号：US13827798

申请日：2013-03-14

Applicant: ELEVANCE RENEWABLE SCIENCES, INC.

Inventor： Thomas E. Snead ,  Steven A. Cohen ,  Demond L. Gildon ,  Leslie V. Beltran ,  Linda A. Kunz ,  Tessa M. Pals ,  Jordan R. Quinn ,  Raymond T. Behrends, Jr. ,  Randal J. Bernhardt

IPC: C11C3/14 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C11B3/00 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C10G65/04 ,  C10G69/12 ,  C11C3/00 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G29/20 ,  C10G50/00 ,  C10L1/08 ,  C10G45/58

CPC classification number: C11C3/14 ,  C10G3/42 ,  C10G29/205 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G45/58 ,  C10G50/00 ,  C10G65/043 ,  C10G69/123 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/1018 ,  C10G2300/1088 ,  C10G2300/30 ,  C10G2400/02 ,  C10G2400/04 ,  C10G2400/08 ,  C10G2400/20 ,  C10G2400/22 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C10L1/08 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2200/0476 ,  C11B3/00 ,  C11C3/003 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks and producing isomerized esters and acids. The methods comprise providing a C4-C18 unsaturated fatty ester or acid, and isomerizing the fatty acid ester or acid in the presence of heat or an isomerization catalyst to form an isomerized fatty ester or acid. In some embodiments, the methods comprise forming a dibasic ester or dibasic acid prior to the isomerizing step. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrolyzing the dibasic ester to form a dibasic acid. In certain embodiments, the olefin is formed by reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters, separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product, and transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product having unsaturated esters.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于精制天然油原料并生产异构化酯和酸的方法。 该方法包括提供C4-C18不饱和脂肪酸酯或酸，并在热或异构化催化剂存在下异构化脂肪酸酯或酸以形成异构化的脂肪酸酯或酸。 在一些实施方案中，所述方法包括在异构化步骤之前形成二元酯或二元酸。 在某些实施方案中，所述方法还包括水解二元酯以形成二元酸。 在某些实施方案中，烯烃是通过在复分解催化剂存在下，在足以形成包含烯烃和酯的复分解产物的条件下进行反应而形成的，将烯烃与复分解产物中的酯分离，并在存在下酯交换酯 的醇形成具有不饱和酯的酯交换产物。