摘要:
A process for changing the speed of a vehicle with driving wheels and with a continuously adjustable speed/torque characteristic in the drive train, in particular a vehicle with electric motor drive, corresponding to a change in the position .alpha.(t) of an accelerator pedal carried out by the driver of the vehicle, in which every position .alpha.(t) of the accelerator pedal is associated with a determined drive output P.sub.v (.alpha.)=f.sub.1 (.alpha.).times.P.sub.max (where P.sub.max =maximum drive output of the vehicle) and/or driving torque M.sub.v (.alpha.)=f.sub.1 (.alpha.).times.M.sub.max (where M.sub.max =maximum driving torque of the vehicle) which is desired in the sense of a predetermined value and acts on the vehicle. To provide a process and a device for implementing the process permitting the driver to change the actual speed of the vehicle to a different desired value in the most uncomplicated and reliable manner, the predetermined value P.sub.v (t) and/or M.sub.v (t) is converted for an electronic drive control of the vehicle, the reference value P.sub.s (t) or M.sub.s (t) is changed to the predetermined value P.sub.v (t) or M.sub.v (t) within an adjustment time period, wherein the reference value P.sub.s (t) or M.sub.s (t) is formed by addition from an initial proportion proportional to the predetermined value P.sub.v (t) or M.sub.v (t) and a residual proportion changing over time.
摘要:
Steering is actively assisted in a turning motor vehicle including a hybrid drive having both an internal combustion engine and a generator unit. The inner and outer wheels are each associated with an individual drive which is controlled in accordance with the steering angle of the steered wheels. Specifically, the torque differential is adjusted such that the percentage actual wheel differentials approach the percentage reference wheel speed differentials. A substantial reduction in the force which must be applied via the steering system to adjust the steering wheels, as compared to an absence of torque differential, is achieved because the outer wheel is driven at a higher output than the inner wheel when making a turn.
摘要:
An apparatus for determining a critical driving torque and information representing the coefficient of friction at the wheel grip limit for a vehicle having a plurality of driven wheels. It is suggested that torque control devices be assigned to at least two of the driven wheels so that the ratio of the driving torques of the two driven wheels can be varied, wherein torque sensing device generate a torque signal corresponding to the magnitude of at least the greater of the driving torques of the driven wheels. A wheel slip sensing device is associated with the driven wheels and detects an increase in the slip of the wheel with the greater driving torque beyond a predetermined limit. The information on the coefficient of friction is generated depending on the magnitude of the detected driving torque of the wheel whose slip exceeds the limit. To determine the information concerning the coefficient of friction, the distribution of driving torque between the front axle and rear axle is periodically increased in an alternating manner.
摘要:
In a drive arrangement of a motor vehicle in which the wheels of the motor vehicle are driven by separate electric motors and the electric motors are powered via a d.c. voltage intermediate circuit by a generator arrangement driven by an internal combustion engine, the speed of the internal combustion engine and individual wheels is sensed by speed sensing circuits which respond to pulse signals of commutator circuits of the generator arrangement and electric motors. The commutator circuits generate the pulse signals depending on position transmitters which are arranged at the generator arrangement and at the electric motors. In this way, the speeds can be sensed with great accuracy exclusively on the basis of already existing components of the drive arrangement. In particular, the speed sensing means cooperate with an antilock braking system (ABS) and a drive slip regulating system (ASR).
摘要:
A motor vehicle including a unit (2) consisting of an internal combustion engine, a generator supplying current to electric motors (12, 16) coupled with driving wheels (14, 18) over an energy distributor/power electronics system (8) and a battery which is supplied with energy by the internal combustion engine/generator unit via the energy distributor (2). An electronic control system (20) controls the energy distributor (8) as a function of a driving signal according to boundary conditions, for example, according to the least possible specific fuel consumption. A temporary increase in the power required to drive the motors can be supplied by the battery (22). In the event that the increase in power lasts for longer periods, the internal combustion engine, which as far as possible operates in a state that ensures low fuel consumption, is accelerated in order to cover the demand for high power. At the maximum output of the internal combustion engine, the energy stored in the battery (22) supplies the power for the additional thrust.
摘要:
The drive arrangement for a motor vehicle includes an internal combustion engine (1) with at least one controlling element (29), an electric generator arrangement (3) driven by the internal combustion engine (1), at least one electric motor (11) which is powered by the generator arrangement (3) and drives the motor vehicle, and an electronic control unit (19) which, depending on the setting of an accelerator pedal (23), controls at least an actuating drive (27) and the electrical output generated by the generator arrangement (3) and/or the electrical output received by the electric motor (11). The arrangement contains a device for detecting an actual value of the speed of the internal combustion engine (1) and component for detecting an actual value of the electrical output generated by the generator arrangement (3). The control unit (19) has a speed regulating device (33) that maintains the actual speed at a given reference speed and an output regulating component (37) which maintains the actual electrical output at a given reference output. A data storage (31) in which performance data for combinations of data for the reference output with data for the reference speed and/or data for the adjustment of at least the actuating drive (27) are stored. In the event of dragging or motoring operation of the generator arrangement (3) and internal combustion engine (1), the control unit (19) detects the torque curve depending on the current of the generator arrangement (3) depending on the instantaneous angular position of the crankshaft and diagnoses operating errors and/or the state of the engine depending on the torque curve.
摘要:
A drive and braking arrangement for a motor vehicle has at least one electric motor which drives the motor vehicle in dependence on the setting of an accelerator pedal. A forward drive or reverse drive selector (15) adjusts the driving direction of rotation of the electric motor, and a sensor is provided for detecting the driving speed of the motor vehicle. In order to control the braking force of a friction brake arrangement acting on at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, an actuating drive is provided which is set to a braking position by an electronic control unit when the accelerator pedal remains in a driving position for longer than a predetermined period of time and at the same time the detected driving speed is zero and/or when the sensor associated with the control unit detects an actual movement of the motor vehicle in the direction opposite to the driving direction selected at the selector.
摘要:
A slip control loop (13) is proposed which compares the actual differential speed between input and output speed of a friction clutch (5) of a motor vehicle with a desired differential value and adjusts a positioning drive (7) of the clutch (5) according to the desired differential speed. To increase the accuracy of control, a desired position signal from a clutch characteristic curve memory (25) is additively superimposed in the sense of an influencing variable on the desired position signal s' calculated by a controller (19) of the slip control loop (13). The clutch characteristic curve memory (25) stores the desired position signal s" as a function of the clutch moment which can be transmitted in this position and is addressed according to the instantaneous engine moment determined, for example, via an engine characteristic map (27). During a load change of the engine (1), the clutch (5) is adjusted to the expected moment before a significant change in the actual differential speed occurs. The controller (19) has an integrating controller property so that the integral portion of the desired signal s' is zero when the dimensioning of the clutch characteristic curve stored in the clutch characteristic curve memory (25) is corrected. A correcting device (33) allows step-wise correction of the characteristic curve as a function of the value of the integral portion.
摘要:
A hybrid drive arrangement for a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine (1), which is connected or can be connected in a wheel-driving manner, via a first torque transmission path (11, 13), to a driving wheel (15) of the motor vehicle. An electric machine (19), which is operable at least as a motor, is fed from an electrical energy source (7, 29) of the motor vehicle and is connected or can be connected in a wheel-driving manner, via a second torque transmission path (21, 23, 13), to the driving wheel (15). Arranged in the first and/or the second torque transmission path are coupling elements (11, 23) which, in a first operating state, permit the driving of the motor vehicle by the wheel-driving torque of the electric machine (19), operated as a motor, without mechanical torque support from the internal combustion engine (1), and which, in a second operating state, permit the driving of the motor vehicle by the internal combustion engine (1), without mechanical torque support from the electric machine (19). Depending on the driving speed of the motor vehicle, an electronic driving control system (31) activates the first operating state, at least in a first range of driving speeds including standstill of the vehicle, if the driving speed is less than a predetermined speed limit, and activates the second operating state, at least in a second range including the maximum speed of the vehicle, if the driving speed is greater.
摘要:
A passenger automobile or truck contains a unit which is formed by an internal combustion engine and a generator and which powers electric motors coupled with driving wheels of the vehicle via an energy distributor in the form of power electronics. An accumulator which can likewise be coupled with the electric motors via the energy distributor is provided as an additional power source. An electronic control unit receives driving signals from an accelerator pedal, in particular a position signal and a speed signal. The position signal of the throttle is interpreted as a request for a determined permanent output to be supplied by the internal combustion engine.The internal combustion engine is revved up to a new operating point in an "optimal" manner (e.g. with favorable fuel consumption), for example when a higher output is requested, while the generator is entirely or partially uncoupled from the load. Energy for accelerating the vehicle is provided in the meantime by the accumulator. The speed signal determines the amount of acceleration. By means of a selector switch, an operation powered exclusively by stored energy may be switched on when the internal combustion engine is turned off if no special sensors are provided for this purpose.