摘要:
A superconductive element at least comprising first and second superconductive electrodes composed of an oxide superconductor material and a semiconductor film composed of an oxide semiconductor material put between the first and second superconductive electrodes and disposed in adjacent with the first and the second superconductive electrodes, in which the semiconductor film is formed with an oxide comprising rare earth elements other than Pr, Ba and Cu as the main ingredient element or an oxide comprising predetermined amount of rare earth elements other than Pr, predetermined amount of Pr, Ba and Cu as the main ingredient element. Extremely fine size is no more necessary to enable fabrication with the existent fine fabrication technic.
摘要:
A magnetic recording medium having a magnetic film formed on a substrate directly or through an underlayer from an alloy containing Co as a principal component. The central line average surface roughness Ra and maximum surface roughness Rmax of the magnetic film in a direction perpendicular to the direction of magnetic recording are selected so as to fall within the ranges of 1 nm.ltoreq.Ra.ltoreq.20 nm and Rmax.ltoreq.25 Ra, respectively, and the in-plane magnetic anisotropy energy Ku of the magnetic film is selected to fall within the range of 0.ltoreq.Ku.ltoreq.8.times.10.sup.5 erg/cm.sup.3. Thus, it is possible to minimize the value of modulation which represents the degree of variation of read output on the same circumference of a magnetic disk. It is also possible to reduce the noise generated in read and write operations by forming the magnetic film so as have no crystallographic orientation.
摘要:
In growing single crystals of gadolinium gallium garnet, dysprosium gallium garnet and the like according to the Czochralski method, when the velocity of rotation of the crystal during growth of a slender part is made lower than the velocity of rotation of the crystal during growth of a body portion, single crystals free of defects such as dislocation or facet can be obtained.
摘要:
A scintillator formed of a ZnWO.sub.4 single crystal having an absorption coefficient less than or equal to 1.8 cm.sup.-1 for the light having a wavelength of 520 nm is disclosed which has a luminescence wavelength of 480 nm and therefore can be combined with a photodiode, and which is high in radiation detection sensitivity, short in decay time, and specifically suitable for use in computed tomography.
摘要:
A process for controlling an oxygen content of a non-superconductive or superconductive oxide is provided, in which a beam of particles such as ions, electrons or neutrons or an electromagnetic radiation is applied to the non-superconductive or superconductive oxide of a perovskite type such as YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-x, thereby increasing or reducing the oxygen content of the oxide at the sites of oxygen in the crystal lattice of the oxide. Furthermore, a superconductive device such as a superconductive magnet, superconductive power transmission wire, superconductive transformer, superconductive shield, permanent current switch and electronic element is made by utilizing the process for controlling the oxygen concentration of the superconductive oxide.
摘要:
A weak-link Josephson junction is of the type employing a thin film of an oxide superconductor, in which a crystal grain boundary produced reflecting an artificial crystal defect is utilized as the weak-link junction. The crystal grain boundary is formed concretely by a method in which atoms of different species are deposited on the predetermined part of the surface of a substrate, the predetermined part of the surface of a substrate is disturbed, or parts of different crystal face orientations are formed at the surface of a substrate, whereupon the superconducting thin film is epitaxially grown on the substrate, or by a method in which the predetermined part of the superconducting thin film, epitaxially grown on a substrate, is diffused with atoms of different species hampering a superconductivity, or the predetermined part of the superconducting thin film is disturbed, whereupon the superconducting thin film is annealed.
摘要:
Optical waveguide and the method for making the same, in which a semiconductor laser diode and an optical isolator are formed on one substrate in a monolithic manner. At the moment, a semiconductor laser diode is made by a III-V compound semiconductor crystal, such as GaAs, InP, etc., and an optical isolator is made of iron garnet to fabricate these in monolithic, and this invention was established by developing the technology to monocrystallize at least a small part of the garnet film containing no iron which is deposited on the semiconductor substrate and to use this as the seed crystal for the said phase epitaxial growth of the iron garnet film which forms the iron garnet optical waveguide.
摘要:
Chemical reactions of superconducting raw materials with active oxygen atoms and their charged particles are accelerated by using at least oxygen plasma in the fabrication process of a superconductive body. Thereby an ionic crystal is grown in a short time, which provides stable superconducting materials of high quality such as high critical temperature and low resistivity. In another aspect, a substrate is irradiated simultaneously with streams of vapor of metal elements, of which a superconductive body is to be composed, and a stream of gas of ions generated in a plasma chamber and film growth is effected while keeping the substrate at a temperature higher than 400.degree. C. to produce a ceramic type superconductive thin film.
摘要:
A process for fabricating a superconducting oxide thin film is disclosed which comprises the steps of separately evaporating metal elements, of which the superconducting oxide thin film with a desired stoichiometry is to be composed, to a substrate and simultaneously irradiating the substrate with oxygen plasma generated by RF wave or ECR microwave to form a crystalline oxide film without further annealing.
摘要:
An oxide-superconductor improved so as to have a high critical temperature (T.sub.c) comprises an oxide having a K.sub.2 NiF.sub.4 crystalline structure similar to a perovskite crystalline structure and represented by the following formula:(Ba.sub.x Sr.sub.z La.sub.1-x-z).sub.2 Cu.sub.1-w Ag.sub.w O.sub.4(1-y)wherein 0.1