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公开(公告)号：US5911223A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-15
申请号：US695367
申请日：1996-08-09
申请人： James C. Weaver , Tani Chen , Christopher Cullander , Richard Guy , Robert S. Langer , Thomas E. Zewert , Uwe Pliquett , Rita Vanbever , Mark R. Prausnitz
发明人： James C. Weaver , Tani Chen , Christopher Cullander , Richard Guy , Robert S. Langer , Thomas E. Zewert , Uwe Pliquett , Rita Vanbever , Mark R. Prausnitz
CPC分类号： A61N1/0424 , A61N1/325 , A61B2017/00765 , A61N1/0428 , Y10S607/901
摘要： A method of modifying epidermis for transport of a material by electroporation includes applying to epidermis an agent that, upon entry into the epidermis, will modify the epidermis to thereby cause and altered rate of transport of a material across the epidermis. Typically, the altered rate will be an increased rate of transport. The epidermis is electroporated, whereby at least a portion of the modifying agent enters the electroporated epidermis, thereby modifying the epidermis to cause an altered rate of transport of a material across the epidermis. In another embodiment, the modifying agent can modify the epidermis to enable measurement and/or monitoring of physiological conditions or change within or beneath the epidermis. The modifying agents can also be employed to facilitate discharge of fluids from within an organism, such as by providing pathways for discharge of fluids from a tumor. Examples of modifying agents include: oxidizing agents; reducing agents; particles, such as optical indicator beads or beads that include drugs to be released into tissue; electrically-charged particles or molecules; etc. Materials that can be transported by the method of the invention include, for example, proteins, nucleic acids, electrically charged molecules or particles, microorganisms suitable for immunization, etc. Also, tissues other than skin can be employed in the method of the invention.
摘要翻译： 通过电穿孔来改变用于运输材料的表皮的方法包括向表皮施加一种在进入表皮时将改变表皮从而引起和改变材料穿过表皮的运输速率的试剂。 通常，改变率将是增加的运输速度。 表皮被电穿孔，由此至少一部分改性剂进入电穿孔表皮，从而改变表皮，导致材料穿过表皮的转运速率。 在另一个实施方案中，修饰剂可以修饰表皮以使得能够测量和/或监测生理条件或在表皮内或下表面的变化。 还可以使用改性剂来促进从生物体内排出流体，例如通过提供从肿瘤排出流体的途径。 改性剂的实例包括：氧化剂; 还原剂; 颗粒，例如包括要释放到组织中的药物的光学指示剂珠粒或珠粒; 带电粒子或分子; 可以通过本发明的方法传输的材料包括例如蛋白质，核酸，带电分子或颗粒，适合免疫的微生物等。另外，皮肤以外的组织可以用于 发明。
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公开(公告)号：US5749847A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US471642
申请日：1995-06-06
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61K38/38 , A61K38/48 , A61K41/00 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/32 , C07K14/82 , C12N15/87 , A61M31/00
CPC分类号： C12N15/87 , A61B5/14514 , A61K38/385 , A61K38/48 , A61K38/4873 , A61K41/0047 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/325 , A61N1/327 , C07K14/82 , A61B5/14532
摘要： A method for delivering a nucleotide into an organism includes applying a composition which includes a nucleotide component to epidermis of the organism. The epidermis is electroporated, whereby at least a portion of the composition enters or passes across the epidermis, thereby delivering the nucleotide into the organism. An example of a suitable nucleotide which can be delivered by the method of the invention includes antisense oligodeoxynucleotides for treatment of melanomas.
摘要翻译： 将核苷酸递送至生物体的方法包括将包含核苷酸组分的组合物施用于生物体的表皮。 电穿孔表皮，由此组合物的至少一部分进入或穿过表皮，从而将核苷酸输送到生物体内。 可以通过本发明的方法递送的合适的核苷酸的实例包括用于治疗黑素瘤的反义寡脱氧核苷酸。
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公开(公告)号：US6041253A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-21
申请号：US626021
申请日：1996-04-01
CPC分类号： A61N1/325 , A61B5/14514 , A61K41/0047 , A61K9/0009 , A61M37/0092 , A61N1/0412 , A61N1/327 , A61M2037/0007 , A61N1/042 , A61N1/0428
摘要： Transdermal transport of molecules during sonophoresis (delivery or extraction) can be further enhanced by application of an electric field, for example, electroporation or iontophoresis. In a preferred embodiment the ultrasound is low frequency ultrasound which induces cavitation of the lipid layers of the stratum corneum (SC). This method provides higher drug transdermal fluxes, allows rapid control of transdermal fluxes, and allows drug delivery or analyte extraction at lower ultrasound intensities than when ultrasound is applied in the absence of an electric field.
摘要翻译： 可以通过施加电场（例如电穿孔或离子电渗疗法）来进一步增强超声波输送（递送或提取）期间分子的透皮转运。 在优选实施例中，超声是低频超声，其引起角质层（SC）的脂质层的空化。 该方法提供较高的药物透皮通量，允许快速控制透皮通量，并且能够在不存在电场的情况下以较低的超声强度进行药物递送或分析物提取。
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公开(公告)号：US5667491A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-16
申请号：US487470
申请日：1995-06-07
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61K38/38 , A61K38/48 , A61K41/00 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/32 , C07K14/82 , C12N15/87 , A61M31/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/0412 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/418 , A61K31/00 , A61K41/0047 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/325 , A61N1/327 , C07K14/82 , C12N15/87 , G01N33/50 , A61B5/14532 , A61N1/0452
摘要： A method is disclosed for treating tissue in response to a stimulus generated by the tissue. In one embodiment, the method transdermally treats an organism in response to a stimulus. In this embodiment, the medication is applied to epidermis of the organism, and the epidermis is electroporated in response to a stimulus, whereby the medication passes through the epidermis at a rate sufficient to alter the stimulus, thereby transdermally treating the organism. In another embodiment, the method measures a blood component content of blood. A portion of epidermis is electroporated to cause an aqueous fluid to be directed through an electroporated epidermis to a surface of the epidermis. Thereafter, the blood component content of the aqueous fluid is measured for correlation with a known aqueous fluid blood component content associated with a known concentration of blood component in the blood. The blood component concentration of the blood can thereby be measured. In still another embodiment, the method includes directing a medication to the tissue which can alter the stimulus when the tissue is electroporated, and electroporating the tissue in response to a stimulus, whereby the medication passes through the tissue in an amount sufficient to alter the stimulus, thereby treating the organism.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种响应于由组织产生的刺激来治疗组织的方法。 在一个实施方案中，所述方法响应于刺激经皮处理生物体。 在该实施方案中，将药物施用于生物体的表皮，并且响应于刺激而对表皮进行电穿孔，由此药物以足以改变刺激的速率通过表皮，从而透皮治疗生物体。 在另一个实施方案中，该方法测量血液的血液成分含量。 将一部分表皮电穿孔以使含水液体通过电穿孔表皮导入表皮表面。 此后，测量含水流体的血液成分含量与已知的血液中血液成分浓度相关的含水液体成分含量的相关性。 因此可以测量血液的血液成分浓度。 在另一个实施方案中，该方法包括将药物引导到组织，当组织被电穿孔时可以改变刺激，并响应于刺激电穿孔组织，由此药物以足以改变刺激的量通过组织 ，从而治疗生物体。
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公开(公告)号：US5547467A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-20
申请号：US096512
申请日：1993-07-23
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61K38/38 , A61K38/48 , A61K41/00 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/32 , C07K14/82 , C12N15/87 , A61M37/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/0412 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/418 , A61K31/00 , A61K41/0047 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/325 , A61N1/327 , C07K14/82 , C12N15/87 , G01N33/50 , A61B5/14532 , A61N1/0452
摘要： A method is disclosed for treating tissue in response to a stimulus generated by the tissue. In one embodiment, the method transdermally treats an organism in response to a stimulus. In this embodiment, the medication is applied to epidermis of the organism, and the epidermis is electroporated in response to a stimulus, whereby the medication passes through the epidermis at a rate sufficient to alter the stimulus, thereby transdermally treating the organism. In another embodiment, the method measures a blood component content of blood. A portion of epidermis is electroporated to cause an aqueous fluid to be directed through an electroporated epidermis to a surface of the epidermis. Thereafter, the blood component content of the aqueous fluid is measured for correlation with a known aqueous fluid blood component content associated with a known concentration of blood component in the blood. The blood component concentration of the blood can thereby be measured. In still another embodiment, the method includes directing a medication to the tissue which can alter the stimulus when the tissue is electroporated, and electroporating the tissue in response to a stimulus, whereby the medication passes through the tissue in an amount sufficient to alter the stimulus, thereby treating the organism.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种响应于由组织产生的刺激来治疗组织的方法。 在一个实施方案中，所述方法响应于刺激经皮处理生物体。 在该实施方案中，将药物施用于生物体的表皮，并且响应于刺激而对表皮进行电穿孔，由此药物以足以改变刺激的速率通过表皮，从而透皮治疗生物体。 在另一个实施方案中，该方法测量血液的血液成分含量。 将一部分表皮电穿孔以使含水液体通过电穿孔表皮导入表皮表面。 此后，测量含水流体的血液成分含量与已知的血液中血液成分浓度相关的含水液体成分含量的相关性。 因此可以测量血液的血液成分浓度。 在另一个实施方案中，该方法包括将药物引导到组织，当组织被电穿孔时可以改变刺激，并响应于刺激电穿孔组织，由此药物以足以改变刺激的量通过组织 ，从而治疗生物体。
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公开(公告)号：US10696944B2
公开(公告)日：2020-06-30
申请号：US14352354
申请日：2012-10-17
申请人： Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Armon R. Sharei , Andrea Adamo , Robert S. Langer , Klavs F. Jensen
摘要： A microfluidic system for causing perturbations in a cell membrane, the system including a microfluidic channel defining a lumen and being configured such that a cell suspended in a buffer can pass therethrough, wherein the microfluidic channel includes a cell-deforming constriction, wherein a diameter of the constriction is a function of the diameter of the cell.
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公开(公告)号：US09333179B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-10
申请号：US12573591
申请日：2009-10-05
申请人： Liangfang Zhang , Aleksandar F. Radovic-Moreno , Frank X. Gu , Frank Alexis , Robert S. Langer , Omid C. Farokhzad
发明人： Liangfang Zhang , Aleksandar F. Radovic-Moreno , Frank X. Gu , Frank Alexis , Robert S. Langer , Omid C. Farokhzad
CPC分类号： A61K9/5123 , A61K9/5153 , A61K9/5192 , A61K47/62 , A61K47/6935 , A61K47/6937 , B82Y5/00
摘要： The present invention generally relates to nanoparticles with an amphiphilic component. One aspect of the invention is directed to a method of developing nanoparticles with desired properties. In one set of embodiments, the method includes producing libraries of nanoparticles having highly controlled properties, which can be formed by mixing together two or more macromolecules in different ratios. One or more of the macromolecules may be a polymeric conjugate of a moiety to a biocompatible polymer. In some cases, the nanoparticle may contain a drug. Other aspects of the invention are directed to methods using nanoparticle libraries.
摘要翻译： 本发明通常涉及具有两亲性组分的纳米颗粒。 本发明的一个方面涉及一种开发具有所需性质的纳米颗粒的方法。 在一组实施方案中，该方法包括制备具有高度控制性质的纳米颗粒的文库，其可通过将两种或多种不同比例的大分子混合在一起形成。 一个或多个大分子可以是部分与生物相容性聚合物的聚合物缀合物。 在一些情况下，纳米颗粒可以含有药物。 本发明的其它方面涉及使用纳米颗粒文库的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US09216188B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-22
申请号：US12553800
申请日：2009-09-03
IPC分类号： A61K9/00 , A61K31/00 , A61K31/7052 , A61L27/26 , A61L27/38 , A61L27/52 , C08J3/075 , C08J3/24
CPC分类号： A61L27/26 , A61K31/00 , A61K31/7052 , A61L27/38 , A61L27/3834 , A61L27/50 , A61L27/52 , A61L2400/06 , A61L2430/34 , C08J3/075 , C08J3/246 , C08J2305/08 , C08J2371/02 , C08L71/02
摘要： The present invention provides hydrogels and compositions thereof for vocal cord repair or augmentation, as well as other soft tissue repair or augmentation (e.g., bladder neck augmentation, dermal fillers, breast implants, intervertebral disks, muscle-mass). The hydrogels or compositions thereof are injected into the superficial lamina propria or phonatory epithelium to restore the phonatory mucosa of the vocal cords, thereby restoring a patient's voice. In particular, it has been discovered that hydrogels with an elastic shear modulus of approximately 25 Pa are useful in restoring the pliability of the phonatory mucosa. The invention also provides methods of preparing and using the inventive hydrogels.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供水凝胶及其组合物，用于声带修复或增强，以及其它软组织修复或增强（例如，膀胱颈增大，皮肤填充剂，乳房植入物，椎间盘，肌肉质量）。 将水凝胶或其组合物注射到表层固有层或声音上皮中以恢复声带的声音粘膜，从而恢复患者的声音。 特别地，已经发现弹性剪切模量为约25Pa的水凝胶可用于恢复发音粘膜的柔韧性。 本发明还提供了制备和使用本发明水凝胶的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US08808681B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-19
申请号：US11758078
申请日：2007-06-05
IPC分类号： A61K47/32 , A61K35/00 , C08F2/48 , C08G73/00 , C08F299/04 , C08F290/06 , C08F283/00 , C08G73/02 , C08F299/02 , C08L79/02 , C08G63/685
CPC分类号： C08L79/02 , C08F283/00 , C08F290/06 , C08F290/061 , C08F290/065 , C08F299/024 , C08F299/0485 , C08G63/6858 , C08G73/02
摘要： Acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino esters) are cross-linked to form materials useful in the medical as well as non-medical field. The polymeric starting material is combined with a free radical initiator, either a thermal initiator or a photoinitiator, and the mixture for cross-linking is heated or exposed to light depending on the initiator used. The resulting materials due to the hydrolysable ester bond in the polymer backbone are biodegradable under physiological conditions. These cross-linked materials are particular useful as drug delivery vehicles, tissue engineering scaffolds, and in fabricating microdevices. The materials may also be used as plastics, coating, adhesives, inks, etc. The cross-linked materials prepared exhibit a wide range of degradation times, mass loss profiles, and mechanical properties. Therefore, the properties of the material may be tuned for the desired use. The high-throughput approach to preparing a library of cross-linked poly(beta-amino esters) allows for the rapid screening and design of degradable polymers for a variety of applications.
摘要翻译： 丙烯酸酯封端的聚（β-氨基酯）被交联以形成用于医疗和非医学领域的材料。 将聚合起始材料与自由基引发剂，热引发剂或光引发剂组合，并且根据所使用的引发剂将用于交联的混合物加热或暴露于光。 由于聚合物骨架中的可水解的酯键导致的所得材料在生理条件下是可生物降解的。 这些交联材料特别用作药物递送载体，组织工程支架和制造微型装置。 这些材料也可以用作塑料，涂料，粘合剂，油墨等。制备的交联材料表现出广泛的降解时间，质量损失曲线和机械性能。 因此，可以调整材料的性质以达到期望的用途。 制备交联聚（β-氨基酯）文库的高通量方法允许快速筛选和设计可降解聚合物用于各种应用。
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公开(公告)号：US08637028B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-28
申请号：US13123888
申请日：2009-10-09
申请人： Frank Alexis , Matteo Iannacone , Jinjun Shi , Pamela Basto , Elliott Ashley Moseman , Ulrich von Andrian , Robert S. Langer , Omid C. Farokhzad , Elena Tonti
发明人： Frank Alexis , Matteo Iannacone , Jinjun Shi , Pamela Basto , Elliott Ashley Moseman , Ulrich von Andrian , Robert S. Langer , Omid C. Farokhzad , Elena Tonti
IPC分类号： A61K39/40 , A61K39/395 , A61K49/04
CPC分类号： A61K9/14 , A61K38/20 , A61K38/21 , A61K39/00 , A61K39/0002 , A61K39/002 , A61K39/05 , A61K39/08 , A61K39/12 , A61K39/39 , A61K45/06
摘要： The present invention provides compositions and systems for delivery of nanocarriers to cells of the immune system. The invention provides nanocarriers capable of stimulating an immune response in T cells and/or in B cells. The invention provides nanocarriers that comprise an immunofeature surface and an immunostimulatory moiety. In some embodiments, the immunostimulatory moiety is an adjuvant. The invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising inventive nanocarriers. The present invention provides methods of designing, manufacturing, and using inventive nanocarriers and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供用于将纳米载体递送至免疫系统细胞的组合物和系统。 本发明提供能够刺激T细胞和/或B细胞中的免疫应答的纳米载体。 本发明提供包含免疫表面和免疫刺激部分的纳米载体。 在一些实施方案中，免疫刺激部分是佐剂。 本发明提供包含本发明纳米载体的药物组合物。 本发明提供了设计，制造和使用本发明的纳米载体及其药物组合物的方法。
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