摘要:
This disclosure relates to a new crystalline microporous silicate solid, designated CIT-10, comprising a two dimensional layered structure, having an organic interlayer sandwiched between individual crystalline silicate layers. This CIT-10 material can be converted to a pure-silicate of RTH topology, as well as two new of pillared silicate structures, designated CIT-11 and CIT-12. This disclosure characterizes new materials and provides methods of preparing and using these new crystalline microporous solids.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a water-purifying composite material, especially a water-purifying composite material for use in the photocatalytic destruction of pollutants in water. The water-purifying composite materials of the invention are uniquely formed by growing crystals of photocatalytic metal compounds in situ within interlayer regions or pores within an aluminosilcate mineral structure, to thereby provide highly catalytic species for use in oxidative photocatalytic water treatments.
摘要:
A method for synthesis of porous inorganic materials, preparation of a catalyst and catalytic cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons thereof includes processes for synthesis of porous inorganic materials and preparation of the catalytic cracking catalyst and catalytic cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons. The synthesis process is advantaged in low cost in raw materials; the porous inorganic material has various pore structures; and transitional metal used overcomes the defects of the catalytic properties. The porous inorganic material serving as the main active ingredient and containing crystalline aluminum silicate zeolite structures provides surface acidity required by the catalytic reaction. The surface acidity is flexibly adjusted. The hierarchical pore profile improves the accessibility of the active center of the zeolite structure and favors the reaction efficiency and benefits of the petroleum hydrocarbon cracking, and reduces the negative effects caused by diffusion limit. The catalyst containing the porous inorganic material has low manufacturing cost and better properties.
摘要:
In the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of nano-oxide coated catalysts useful for the treatment of toxic gases by coating of composite materials containing LDHs over ceramic monolithic substrates. The process combines reacting oxides and salts of metals in a known manner so as to prepare LDHs or mixed metal layered hydroxides such as Ni—Al, Mg—Al, Zn—Cr—Al type possessing positive layer charge, from which a stable gel is prepared by adding swellable clay having a negative charge e.g. montmorillonite, laponite, hectorite etc. in different LDH:clay ratio in an aqueous medium and homogenising the same with high speed homogeniser and ultrasonicator in a high intensity ultrasonic processor. The gel is then dip-coated over cordierite/mulite honey-comb monolithic supports at various dipping and withdrawal rates. The dip-coated monoliths are then dried and calcined at different temperatures to develop the alumino-silicate supported nano-oxide coats over honey-comb ceramic substrates for carrying out decomposition of N2O gas in a He flow in various flow rates at 400 to 600° C. temperature in a cylindrical quartz tube.
摘要:
A catalyst for catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon oil can produce a gasoline fraction having a high octane number in high yield while suppressing an increase in yield of a heavy distillate, and produce LPG having a high propylene content in high yield. The catalyst includes a specific amount of a granulated catalyst A that includes a zeolite having a sodalite cage structure, silicon derived from a silica sol, phosphorus and aluminum derived from mono aluminum phosphate, a clay mineral, and a rare-earth metal, and a specific amount of a granulated catalyst B that includes a pentasil-type zeolite, the ratio of the mass of phosphorus and aluminum derived from mono aluminum phosphate included in the granulated catalyst A to the mass of the pentasil-type zeolite included in the granulated catalyst B being 0.015 to 3000.
摘要:
A process for producing catalyst for biomass catalytic cracking is disclosed herein. The process includes modifying a phyllosilicate to produce a modified phyllosilicate having an improved yield of a pyrolysis reaction. The modification of the phyllosilicate includes leaching the clay with an acid or basic solution to form a leached clay preparation, calcining the leached clay and contacting the treated clay with a suspension comprising metal ions for ion-exchange. The modified clay catalyst can then be mixed with inorganic materials such as zeolites and dried to form fluidizable microspheres.
摘要:
A mixed oxide catalyst is prepared by precipitating a Ni/Al layered double hydroxide having a general formula [NixAly(OH)2](CO3)y/2. mH2O where x+y=1 and m=about 0.5. The Ni/Al layered double hydroxide is aged and then isolated and heat treated under reducing atmosphere to produce the mixed oxide catalyst.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst for producing gaseous hydrogen current or hydrogen-rich currents through hydrocarbon reforming with water vapor. Said catalyst comprises at least one support, an active phase and at least two promoting agents, and is characterized in that it is a metal-type-supported solid in which the active phase comprises at least one transition metal chosen from group VIII, and at least one promoting agent chosen from the alkaline-earth or transition metals; and the support comprises at least one mixed oxide with a basic nature, and at least one promoting agent chosen from among the lanthanides group. The invention also has as an object the process for preparing the catalyst, as well as its use in the process for obtaining the hydrogen or hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbons, in different operating conditions and using various types of hydrocarbons. The catalyst to which this invention pertains has elevated activity and selectivity toward the gasification of hydrocarbons, as well as a high resistance to various deactivation mechanisms which the catalyst undergoes during the reforming process with water vapor.
摘要:
A modified sol-gel method to create metal-rich siliceous material, such as colloidal silica or aluminosilicate particles is disclosed. Initially, the metal salt of choice is added to a silicic acid solution or a silicic acid solution containing aluminum salt. The aluminum is added to vary the metal-support interaction as it forms Al—O—Si linkages within the silica matrix. Besides aluminum, other metals can be added that form M—O—Si (M=Ti, B, etc.) linkages, which do not become reduced when treated with a reducing agent. Once the metal, silicic acid and/or aluminum salt is generated, it is subjected to colloidal growth by addition to a basic heel. Upon colloidal synthesis, the metal salt containing colloidal particle is left as is to maximize colloidal stability or is reduced with hydrazine to produce the zero valence metal-containing colloidal particle. Keeping a particle colloidal before use may be an effective method of forming a catalyst material as it can be easily spray-dried or mixed with other materials for extruded catalyst particles.
摘要:
The present invention provides a catalyst and a process for its preparation and its use in cracking heavy feedstocks. The catalyst comprises one or more zeolites having a controlled silica to alumina ratio and preferably treated with alkali in the presence of a matrix component selected from the group consisting of clays, synthetic matrix other than pillared clay, and mixtures thereof. The catalyst are particularly useful in treating heavy feedstock such as residues from oil sands processing.