公开(公告)号：US20170342354A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-30

申请号：US15674608

申请日：2017-08-11

Applicant: STEPAN COMPANY

Inventor： Aaron Brown ,  Wilma Gorman ,  Ronald A. Masters

IPC: C11D11/00 ,  B43K29/05 ,  C11D3/32 ,  C11D3/20 ,  C11D3/18 ,  C11D1/46 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D1/835 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D1/65 ,  C11D1/645 ,  C11D1/52 ,  C11D17/04 ,  C11D3/10

CPC classification number: C11D11/0023 ,  B43K29/05 ,  C11D1/02 ,  C11D1/38 ,  C11D1/46 ,  C11D1/521 ,  C11D1/528 ,  C11D1/645 ,  C11D1/65 ,  C11D1/66 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D1/835 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D3/10 ,  C11D3/188 ,  C11D3/2037 ,  C11D3/2062 ,  C11D3/30 ,  C11D3/32 ,  C11D3/50 ,  C11D11/0052 ,  C11D17/041 ,  C11D17/046

Abstract: Aqueous hard surface cleaner compositions useful for removing permanent ink are disclosed. The compositions comprise 75 to 99 wt. % of water; 0.1 to 5 wt. % of a monoterpene; 0.1 to 5 wt. % of a C10-C17 fatty acid derivative; and 0.1 to 5 wt. % of one or more surfactants. The fatty acid derivative is selected from N,N-dialkyl amides, N,N-dialkyl esteramines, and N,N-dialkyl amidoamines. Preferably, a base such as sodium carbonate or monoethanolamine is also included. The invention includes concentrates comprising the non-aqueous components recited above, as well as other applications for the cleaners and concentrates such as graffiti removers and permanent ink erasers. The combination of a monoterpene and certain fatty acid derivatives, especially fatty N,N-dialkyl amides, unexpectedly enables even dilute aqueous compositions to rapidly decolorize black permanent marker from hard, non-porous surfaces.

公开(公告)号：US09796662B2

公开(公告)日：2017-10-24

申请号：US14873113

申请日：2015-10-01

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： Dave R Allen ,  Randal J Bernhardt ,  Aaron Brown ,  Anatoliy A Dameshek ,  Brian Holland ,  Andrew D Malec ,  Ronald A Masters ,  Marshall J Nepras ,  Patti Skelton ,  Laura Lee Whitlock ,  Patrick Shane Wolfe

IPC: C07C209/12 ,  C07C211/21 ,  C07C219/08 ,  C07C237/12 ,  C07C237/16 ,  C07C303/18 ,  C07C41/03 ,  C07C43/11 ,  C07C6/04 ,  C07C67/26 ,  C07C69/533 ,  C07C69/593 ,  A01N25/02 ,  A01N25/04 ,  A01N25/30 ,  A01N33/12 ,  A01N37/18 ,  A01N37/44 ,  A01N41/04 ,  A61K8/41 ,  A61K8/42 ,  A61K8/44 ,  A61K8/46 ,  A61K8/92 ,  A61Q5/12 ,  A61Q19/10 ,  A62D1/02 ,  B01F17/00 ,  C07C231/12 ,  C07C237/18 ,  C08G65/26 ,  C08K5/01 ,  C08K5/20 ,  C09K15/28 ,  C11C3/00 ,  C11C3/08 ,  C11D1/00 ,  C11D1/04 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D1/62 ,  C11D1/65 ,  C11D1/74 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D1/90 ,  C11D1/92 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D3/48 ,  A61Q5/02 ,  C09K8/00

CPC classification number: C07C219/08 ,  A01N25/02 ,  A01N25/04 ,  A01N25/30 ,  A01N33/12 ,  A01N37/18 ,  A01N37/44 ,  A01N41/04 ,  A61K8/416 ,  A61K8/42 ,  A61K8/44 ,  A61K8/466 ,  A61K8/92 ,  A61K8/922 ,  A61K2800/805 ,  A61Q5/02 ,  A61Q5/12 ,  A61Q19/10 ,  A62D1/0071 ,  B01F17/0028 ,  B01F17/0057 ,  C07C6/04 ,  C07C41/03 ,  C07C43/11 ,  C07C67/26 ,  C07C69/533 ,  C07C69/593 ,  C07C209/12 ,  C07C211/21 ,  C07C231/12 ,  C07C237/16 ,  C07C237/18 ,  C07C303/18 ,  C08G65/2615 ,  C08K5/01 ,  C08K5/20 ,  C09K8/00 ,  C09K15/28 ,  C11C3/00 ,  C11C3/08 ,  C11D1/002 ,  C11D1/04 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D1/62 ,  C11D1/652 ,  C11D1/74 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D1/90 ,  C11D1/92 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D3/48 ,  C07C211/63 ,  C07C211/64 ,  C07C233/38 ,  C07C309/14 ,  A01N33/18 ,  A01N39/04 ,  A01N43/653 ,  A01N51/00 ,  A01N57/20 ,  A01N43/40 ,  A01N43/56 ,  A01N53/00

Abstract: Esteramine compositions and their derivatives are disclosed. The esteramines comprise a reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with a tertiary alkanolamine. Derivatives made by quaternizing, sulfonating, alkoxylating, sulfating, and/or sulfitating the esteramines are also disclosed. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin. The esteramines and derivatives are valuable for a wide variety of end uses, including cleaners, fabric treatment, hair conditioning, personal care (liquid cleansing products, conditioning bars, oral care products), antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oil field applications.

公开(公告)号：US09695385B2

公开(公告)日：2017-07-04

申请号：US14770912

申请日：2014-03-05

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： David R Allen ,  Randal J Bernhardt ,  Aaron Brown ,  Gregory P Dado ,  Xue Min Dong ,  Wilma Gorman ,  Ronald Masters ,  Patti Skelton

IPC: A01N25/00 ,  A01N25/30 ,  C07C305/10 ,  C11D1/14

CPC classification number: C11D1/146 ,  A01N25/00 ,  A01N25/30 ,  C07C305/10

Abstract: Surfactant compositions comprising an alkoxylate, a sulfate, or ether sulfate of a C10-C12 monounsaturated alcohol are disclosed. The alkoxylate, sulfate, or ether sulfate may derive from undecylenic acid or undecylenic alcohol. Compared with their saturated analogs, the monounsaturated alkoxylates, sulfates, and ether sulfates are less irritating, making them valuable for personal care, laundry, cleaners, and other household applications. Microscopy studies show that the alkoxylates, sulfates, and ether sulfates have favorable phase behavior over a wide range of actives levels, expanding opportunities for products with greater compaction. When combined with cationic surfactants, the alkoxylates, sulfates, and ether sulfates exhibit synergy, and they have improved solubility compared with their saturated analogs. The surfactants find value for the personal care, laundry and cleaning, emulsion polymerization, agricultural products, oilfield applications, and specialty foams industries.

公开(公告)号：US20170152534A1

公开(公告)日：2017-06-01

申请号：US15428339

申请日：2017-02-09

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： Vladimir Dragan ,  Jenifer Heydinger Galante ,  Jos Heimerikx

IPC: C12P7/64 ,  A23L33/12 ,  A61K31/201

CPC classification number: C12P7/6427 ,  A23K20/158 ,  A23L33/12 ,  A23V2002/00 ,  A61K31/201 ,  C11C1/045 ,  C11C1/10 ,  A23V2200/304 ,  A23V2200/328 ,  A23V2200/332 ,  A23V2250/1866

Abstract: A process for preparing a conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) material that is enriched in the cis 9, trans 11 (rumenic acid) CLA isomer. The process involves subjecting a material containing at least 75 weight % CLA moieties to an enzymatic conversion, wherein the enzyme has the ability to discriminate between the cis 9, trans 11 and trans 10, cis 12 isomers. The enzyme is advantageously a lipase derived from Candida rugosa. The resulting CLA product stream is distilled to separate the free fatty acid fraction from the glyceride fraction. The recovered free fatty acid fraction contains about 55 weight % to about 70 weight % of the cis 9, trans 11 isomer (rumenic acid), and has a weight ratio of cis 9, trans 11 isomer to trans 10, cis 12 isomer of at least 3.5:1. The material enriched in rumenic acid may be used in foods, particularly infant formulas, or in food supplements or in pharmaceutical compositions.

公开(公告)号：US09447225B2

公开(公告)日：2016-09-20

申请号：US14334203

申请日：2014-07-17

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： Rick Tabor ,  Chunhua Yao ,  Andrew Guo ,  Timothy L. Lambert ,  David J. Norberg

IPC: C08G18/68 ,  C08G63/553 ,  C08G18/08 ,  C08G18/72 ,  C08G63/672 ,  C08G18/76 ,  C08G18/16 ,  C08G18/18 ,  C08G18/22 ,  C08G18/24 ,  C09D175/04 ,  C08G18/40 ,  C08J9/02 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08G101/00

CPC classification number: C08G18/686 ,  C08G18/14 ,  C08G18/163 ,  C08G18/1808 ,  C08G18/1825 ,  C08G18/225 ,  C08G18/244 ,  C08G18/4018 ,  C08G18/68 ,  C08G18/72 ,  C08G18/7664 ,  C08G63/553 ,  C08G63/672 ,  C08G2101/0008 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/005 ,  C08G2105/02 ,  C08G2190/00 ,  C08J9/02 ,  C08J9/141 ,  C08J2203/14 ,  C08J2205/06 ,  C08J2205/10 ,  C08J2375/06 ,  C08J2375/14 ,  C09D175/04

Abstract: Polyester polyols containing adducts formed from Diels-Alder and Ene reactions are disclosed. Processes for making the polyester polyols and uses of the polyester polyols as polyurethane coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, and foams are also disclosed. In some embodiments, the polyester polyols contain biorenewable adducts based on maleic anhydride and farnesene and have particular application in making rigid and flexible polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract translation: 公开了含有由Diels-Alder和Ene反应形成的加合物的聚酯多元醇。 还公开了制备聚酯多元醇的方法和聚酯多元醇作为聚氨酯涂料，粘合剂，密封剂，弹性体和泡沫的用途。 在一些实施方案中，聚酯多元醇包含基于马来酸酐和法呢烯的生物可再生加合物，并且特别用于制备刚性和柔性聚氨酯或聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫。

公开(公告)号：US20160102272A1

公开(公告)日：2016-04-14

申请号：US14973993

申请日：2015-12-18

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： Dave R. Allen ,  Marcos Alonso ,  Randal J. Bernhardt ,  Dennis S. Murphy ,  Patrick Shane Wolfe ,  Aaron Brown

IPC: C11D1/92 ,  C11D1/88 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D1/04

CPC classification number: C11D1/92 ,  A01N25/02 ,  A01N25/04 ,  A01N25/30 ,  A01N33/12 ,  A01N37/18 ,  A01N37/44 ,  A01N41/04 ,  A61K8/416 ,  A61K8/42 ,  A61K8/44 ,  A61K8/466 ,  A61K8/92 ,  A61Q5/12 ,  A61Q19/10 ,  A62D1/0071 ,  B01F17/0028 ,  B01F17/0057 ,  C07C69/533 ,  C07C69/593 ,  C07C209/12 ,  C07C211/21 ,  C07C219/08 ,  C07C231/12 ,  C07C237/16 ,  C07C303/18 ,  C08G65/2615 ,  C08K5/01 ,  C08K5/20 ,  C09K8/00 ,  C09K15/28 ,  C11C3/00 ,  C11C3/08 ,  C11D1/002 ,  C11D1/04 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D1/29 ,  C11D1/62 ,  C11D1/652 ,  C11D1/72 ,  C11D1/74 ,  C11D1/75 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D1/86 ,  C11D1/88 ,  C11D1/90 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D3/30 ,  C11D3/32 ,  C11D3/48 ,  C07C211/63 ,  C07C211/64 ,  C07C233/38 ,  C07C309/14 ,  A01N33/18 ,  A01N39/04 ,  A01N43/653 ,  A01N51/00 ,  A01N57/20 ,  A01N43/40 ,  A01N43/56 ,  A01N53/00 ,  C07C209/14

Abstract: Laundry detergents useful for cold-water cleaning and boosted bargain detergents are disclosed. The detergents include a surfactant composition derived from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives. For fatty alkyl ester sulfonate-containing detergents, the composition is selected from C10 betaines, C12 or C16 amidoamines, C12 ethanolamine amides, C16 amidoamine sulfonates, C18 diamidoamine dioxides, quaternized C18 diamidoamine betaines, sulfonated C18 low-EO fatty ester alkoxylates, C18 amidoamine carboxylates, and amidoamine oxides and sulfobetaines derived from cross-metathesis of palm or soybean oil. The bargain detergents include a performance booster selected from C12 low-EO fatty ester alkoxylate sulfonates, C18 amidoamine oxide esters, C18 amidoamine oxide carboxylates, and amidoamine sulfobetaines made from self metathesized palm or soybean oil.

公开(公告)号：US09309345B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-12

申请号：US13692507

申请日：2012-12-03

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： F. Leo Hickey ,  Timothy Lambert ,  Chunhua Yao

IPC: C08G18/06 ,  C08G18/36 ,  C08G18/42 ,  C08G18/66 ,  C08G63/20 ,  C08G63/668 ,  C08G63/91 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08G101/00

CPC classification number: C08G18/06 ,  C08G18/36 ,  C08G18/4288 ,  C08G18/6662 ,  C08G63/20 ,  C08G63/668 ,  C08G63/916 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/005 ,  C08G2105/02 ,  C08J9/141 ,  C08J2375/06

Abstract: There are provided aromatic polyester polyol compositions comprising: (i) at least one aromatic acid component; (ii) at least one hydroxylated component; (iii) at least one functionalized natural oil component; and (iv) optionally at least one catalyst component for use in preparing foams. The aromatic polyester polyol compositions can be formed by esterification and/or transesterification. The present technology also provides a polyol blend for use in preparing foams wherein the polyol blend comprises (a) an aromatic polyester polyol formed by an interesterification reaction between (i) a phthalic acid based material; (ii) a hydroxylated material; and (iii) a hydrophobic material, wherein the hydrophobic material is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the aromatic polyester polyol; and (b) a natural oil based polyol, wherein the hydrophobic material in the aromatic polyester polyol compatibilizes the natural oil based polyol to form a phase stable polyol blend.

Abstract translation: 提供了芳族聚酯多元醇组合物，其包含：（i）至少一种芳族酸组分; （ii）至少一种羟基化成分; （iii）至少一种官能化天然油组分; 和（iv）任选的至少一种用于制备泡沫的催化剂组分。 芳族聚酯多元醇组合物可以通过酯化和/或酯交换形成。 本技术还提供用于制备泡沫的多元醇共混物，其中多元醇共混物包含（a）通过（i）邻苯二甲酸基材料之间的酯交换反应形成的芳族聚酯多元醇; （ii）羟基化材料; 和（iii）疏水性材料，其中所述疏水性材料以所述芳族聚酯多元醇的约1％至约50％重​​量的量存在; 和（b）天然油基多元醇，其中芳族聚酯多元醇中的疏水性材料与天然油基多元醇相容，形成相稳定的多元醇共混物。

公开(公告)号：US20160016897A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-21

申请号：US14867039

申请日：2015-09-28

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： Dave R. Allen ,  Marcos Alonso ,  Randal J. Bernhardt ,  Aaron Brown ,  Kelly Buchek ,  Gary Luebke ,  Renee Luka ,  Andrew D. Malec ,  Ronald A. Masters ,  Lawrence A. Munie ,  Dennis S. Murphy ,  Irene Shapiro ,  Patti Skelton ,  Brian Sook ,  Michael R. Terry ,  Laura Lee Whitlock ,  Michael Wiester ,  Patrick Shane Wolfe

IPC: C07C309/69 ,  A61K8/41 ,  A61Q19/10 ,  C07C237/16 ,  A61K8/42 ,  A61K8/46 ,  A01N57/20 ,  A01N25/02 ,  C09D5/00 ,  C09D7/12 ,  C11D1/66 ,  C11D1/75 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C09K8/584 ,  C09K8/54 ,  C04B24/12 ,  C04B24/16 ,  A62D1/02 ,  C07C211/21

CPC classification number: C11D1/66 ,  A01N25/02 ,  A01N25/04 ,  A01N25/30 ,  A01N33/12 ,  A01N37/18 ,  A01N37/44 ,  A01N41/04 ,  A01N57/20 ,  A61K8/41 ,  A61K8/416 ,  A61K8/42 ,  A61K8/44 ,  A61K8/466 ,  A61K8/92 ,  A61Q5/12 ,  A61Q19/10 ,  A62D1/0071 ,  B01F17/0028 ,  B01F17/0057 ,  C04B24/121 ,  C04B24/124 ,  C04B24/16 ,  C04B28/02 ,  C04B28/14 ,  C04B38/10 ,  C07C6/04 ,  C07C41/03 ,  C07C43/11 ,  C07C67/26 ,  C07C69/533 ,  C07C69/593 ,  C07C209/12 ,  C07C211/21 ,  C07C219/08 ,  C07C231/12 ,  C07C237/16 ,  C07C303/18 ,  C07C309/69 ,  C08G65/2615 ,  C08K5/01 ,  C08K5/17 ,  C08K5/20 ,  C08K5/32 ,  C08K5/42 ,  C09D5/00 ,  C09D7/63 ,  C09K8/00 ,  C09K8/54 ,  C09K8/584 ,  C09K15/28 ,  C09K2208/32 ,  C11C3/00 ,  C11C3/08 ,  C11D1/002 ,  C11D1/04 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D1/62 ,  C11D1/652 ,  C11D1/74 ,  C11D1/75 ,  C11D1/83 ,  C11D1/90 ,  C11D1/92 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D3/48 ,  C07C211/63 ,  C07C211/64 ,  C07C233/38 ,  C07C309/14 ,  A01N33/18 ,  A01N39/04 ,  A01N43/653 ,  A01N51/00 ,  A01N43/40 ,  A01N43/56 ,  A01N53/00 ,  C07C11/02

Abstract: Fatty amine compositions made from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives are disclosed. In another aspect, fatty amidoamines made by reacting a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine are disclosed. The fatty amines or amidoamines are advantageously sulfonated, sulfitated, oxidized, or reduced. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.

公开(公告)号：US20160002571A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-07

申请号：US14770912

申请日：2014-03-05

Applicant: STEPAN COMPANY

Inventor： David R Allen ,  Randal J Bernhardt ,  Aaron Brown ,  Gregory P Dado ,  Xue Min Dong ,  Wilma Gorman ,  Ronald Masters ,  Patti Skelton

IPC: C11D1/14 ,  A01N25/00

CPC classification number: C11D1/146 ,  A01N25/00 ,  A01N25/30 ,  C07C305/10

Abstract: Surfactant compositions comprising an alkoxylate, a sulfate, or ether sulfate of a C10-C12 monounsaturated alcohol are disclosed. The alkoxylate, sulfate, or ether sulfate may derive from undecylenic acid or undecylenic alcohol. Compared with their saturated analogs, the monounsaturated alkoxylates, sulfates, and ether sulfates are less irritating, making them valuable for personal care, laundry, cleaners, and other household applications. Microscopy studies show that the alkoxylates, sulfates, and ether sulfates have favorable phase behavior over a wide range of actives levels, expanding opportunities for products with greater compaction. When combined with cationic surfactants, the alkoxylates, sulfates, and ether sulfates exhibit synergy, and they have improved solubility compared with their saturated analogs. The surfactants find value for the personal care, laundry and cleaning, emulsion polymerization, agricultural products, oilfield applications, and specialty foams industries.

Abstract translation: 公开了包含C10-C12单不饱和醇的烷氧基化物，硫酸盐或醚硫酸盐的表面活性剂组合物。 烷氧基化物，硫酸盐或醚硫酸盐可衍生自十一碳烯酸或十一碳烯醇。 与其饱和类似物相比，单不饱和烷氧基化物，硫酸盐和醚硫酸盐刺激性较小，使其对个人护理，洗衣，清洁剂和其他家用应用是有价值的。 显微镜研究表明，烷氧基化物，硫酸盐和醚硫酸盐在广泛的活性水平上具有良好的相位行为，扩大了具有更大压实度的产品的机会。 当与阳离子表面活性剂组合时，烷氧基化物，硫酸盐和醚硫酸盐表现出协同作用，并且与饱和类似物相比具有改善的溶解性。 表面活性剂可用于个人护理，洗衣和清洁，乳液聚合，农产品，油田应用和特种泡沫行业。

公开(公告)号：US20160002386A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-07

申请号：US14853659

申请日：2015-09-14

Applicant: Stepan Company

Inventor： Sarah Wolek ,  Warren A. Kaplan ,  Laura Schreiner ,  Chunhua Yao ,  David J. Norberg

IPC: C08G18/42 ,  C08L75/04 ,  C08G18/72 ,  C08G63/181 ,  C08G63/183

CPC classification number: C08G18/4263 ,  C08G18/092 ,  C08G18/163 ,  C08G18/1808 ,  C08G18/1816 ,  C08G18/225 ,  C08G18/4018 ,  C08G18/4027 ,  C08G18/4211 ,  C08G18/4213 ,  C08G18/4288 ,  C08G18/4829 ,  C08G18/544 ,  C08G18/72 ,  C08G18/7664 ,  C08G63/181 ,  C08G63/183 ,  C08G63/46 ,  C08G2101/00 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/005 ,  C08G2105/02 ,  C08L75/04

Abstract: An aromatic polyester polyol having a nominal functionality of at least about 2 is produced from the esterification reaction of a phthalate-based composition containing less than 50 mol % of ortho-phthalic acid or phthalic anhydride, with a hydroxyl material containing at least 20 mol % of at least one branched aliphatic diol, and optionally transesterified with at least one hydrophobic material. The polyester polyol has improved shelf-life stability as demonstrated by the polyester polyol remaining clear and homogeneous for at least 6 months when stored at room temperature. The polyester polyol, when incorporated into a polyol foam-forming resin composition in an amount of at least 40 wt %, results in polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams that exhibit low smoke and weight loss upon burning conditions.

Abstract translation: 由邻苯二甲酸酯类组合物的含邻苯二甲酸邻苯二甲酸酐或邻苯二甲酸酐的邻苯二甲酸酯类组合物与含有至少20mol％邻苯二甲酸酐的羟基材料的酯化反应产生具有至少约2的标称官能度的芳族聚酯多元醇， 的至少一种支化脂族二醇，并任选地与至少一种疏水性材料酯交换。 聚酯多元醇具有改善的保质期稳定性，如聚酯多元醇在室温下储存时保持透明和均匀至少6个月所证明的。 聚酯多元醇当以至少40重量％的量掺入多元醇发泡树脂组合物中时，导致聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫在燃烧条件下表现出低的烟雾和重量损失。