Abstract:
A biomass treatment device and a biomass treatment method, in which contamination is prevented and a final product can be highly concentrated. The biomass treatment device includes a pretreatment device for pretreating a biomass, a slurrying device for slurrying the pretreated biomass, and a saccharification device for saccharifying the slurried biomass with a saccharifying enzyme. A return line for returning a part of an internal fluid in the saccharification device to the slurrying device is provided, and the pretreated biomass from the pretreatment device and the internal fluid returned through the return line are mixed in the slurrying device so as to generate biomass slurry.
Abstract:
To provide a processing device which is small but which can exhibits a sufficient processing amount and a uniform contact processing property. In the processing vessel 10, a liquid flow is set to a spiral flow, and in a contact processing field, the injection liquid A, B are injected at a center-side position with respect to an inner surface of the processing vessel so as to perform contact processing.
Abstract:
Liquid flow in a reaction processing vessel 10 is set to a spiral flow, a liquid A and B as an additional liquid containing an inorganic substance to be added is injected at a center-side position with respect to an inner surface of the reaction processing vessel 10 in a reaction field of the reaction processing vessel 10 so as to perform reaction processing.
Abstract:
Prevention of contamination of a dried product, deformation of particles, and a change of particle size distribution. The system includes: a solid-liquid separator in which a processing material is supplied between a pair of endless separation filter cloths wound around an outer periphery of a separation roll, and is dehydrated by being squeezed therebetween and also by ventilation gas passing from a ventilation port formed in an outer peripheral surface of the separation roll; and a horizontal rotary dryer provided on a subsequent stage of the solid-liquid separator, wherein carrier gas is made to flow in a rotating shell of the dryer in a cocurrent manner in the same direction as a conveyance direction of the processing material.
Abstract:
To provide a drying method for terephthalic acid and a horizontal rotary dryer allowing easy performance of mass processing of the terephthalic acid and enabling size reduction by improving drying performance of the dryer. In a method of drying terephthalic acid by using a horizontal rotary dryer, a rotating shell is rotated to make a critical speed ratio α defined by expression 1 and expression 2 become 17 to less than 80% to dry the processing material, Vc=2.21D1/2 Expression 1 α=V/V c·100 Expression 2 wherein Vc indicates a critical speed (m/s) of the rotating shell, D indicates an inside diameter (m) of the rotating shell, α indicates the critical speed ratio (%) of the rotating shell, and V indicates a rotation speed (m/s) of the rotating shell.
Abstract:
A method for efficiently conveying impurities in a pressurized fluidized incinerator system is provided. Cleaning gas is supplied to an upper valve, and thereafter, the upper valve is driven so as to communicate an upper discharge device and a tank. The upper discharge device is driven so as to convey the impurities from the dust collector to the tank, and thereafter, the upper discharge device is stopped and the upper valve is driven so as not to communicate the upper discharge device and the tank. Thereafter, the supply of the cleaning gas to the upper valve is stopped.
Abstract:
Pressurized fluidized furnace equipment includes a fluidized bed furnace (1) that pressurizes combustion air (B) and combusts a material to be treated (A) while fluidizing the same; an air preheater (3) that exchanges heat between a combustion exhaust gas (C) discharged from the fluidized bed furnace (1) and the combustion air (B); a dust collector (4) that removes dust from the combustion exhaust gas (C); and first and second superchargers (5, 6) to which the combustion exhaust gas (C), having undergone the heat exchange in the air preheater (3) and the dust removal in the dust collector (4), is supplied to generate compressed air (D, E). The first compressed air (D) generated in the first supercharger (5) is supplied as the combustion air (B) to the fluidized bed furnace (1) by way of the air preheater (3), and the second compressed air (E) generated in the second supercharger (6) is made to have a higher pressure than that of the first compressed air (D). Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the equipment from having more superchargers than is necessary for normal use although a plurality of first and second superchargers are provided, and to efficiently use the surplus combustion exhaust gas.
Abstract:
The present invention realizes a polymer substrate with hard coating layer comprising a high level of environmental resistance and a high level of abrasion resistance.A polymer substrate with hard coating layer is provided that comprises a polymer substrate (60) having a thickness of 1 mm to 20 mm and a hard coating layer (70,80) on the surface thereof. Here, in this polymer substrate with hard coating layer, the hard coating layer (70,80) is laminated on the surface of the polymer substrate, contains as a main component thereof a hydrolysis-condensation product of an organic silicon compound, has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 20 μm, makes direct contact with a cured underlayer on the opposite side of the polymer substrate, is formed from an organic silicon compound by PE-CVD, and satisfies all of the following requirements (a) to (c): (a) film thickness of the silicon oxide layer is within the range of 3.5 μm to 9.0 μm, (b) maximum indentation depth of the surface of the silicon oxide layer as determined by measuring nanoindentation under conditions of a maximum load of 1 mN is 150 nm or less, and (c) the value of critical compression ratio K of the silicon oxide layer, as defined by formula (1) in a 3-point bending test of the polymer substrate with hard coating layer that imparts indentation displacement in which the surface laminated with the silicon oxide layer becomes concave, is 0.975 or less.
Abstract:
The present invention realizes a polymer substrate with hard coating layer comprising a high level of environmental resistance and a high level of abrasion resistance.A polymer substrate with hard coating layer is provided that comprises a polymer substrate (60) having a thickness of 1 mm to 20 mm and a hard coating layer (70,80) on the surface thereof. Here, in this polymer substrate with hard coating layer, the hard coating layer (70,80) is laminated on the surface of the polymer substrate, contains as a main component thereof a hydrolysis-condensation product of an organic silicon compound, has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 20 μm, makes direct contact with a cured underlayer on the opposite side of the polymer substrate, is formed from an organic silicon compound by PE-CVD, and satisfies all of the following requirements (a) to (c): (a) film thickness of the silicon oxide layer is within the range of 3.5 μm to 9.0 μm, (b) maximum indentation depth of the surface of the silicon oxide layer as determined by measuring nanoindentation under conditions of a maximum load of 1 mN is 150 nm or less, and (c) the value of critical compression ratio K of the silicon oxide layer, as defined by formula (1) in a 3-point bending test of the polymer substrate with hard coating layer that imparts indentation displacement in which the surface laminated with the silicon oxide layer becomes concave, is 0.975 or less.
Abstract:
A system and a method by which the high yield of a final product produced through a pretreatment and a saccharification and fermentation step can be stably obtained, even if a property of the biomass fed to a pretreatment device or the amount of a contained acid component in the biomass may be variable. The biomass is pretreated by a pretreatment device. At least one of pH, acidity, alkalinity, and ultraviolet absorbance of the pretreated biomass is measured by a measurement unit. The amount of a generated decomposition product or a generated undecomposed substance in the pretreatment is obtained on the basis of a measurement result, and an operation condition of the pretreatment device or a property of the biomass before the pretreatment are controlled on the basis of the calculated result.