Abstract:
Gel-free dispersant additives for lubricating and fuel oil compositions comprise at least one adduct of (A) .alpha.-olefin homopolymer or interpolymer of 700 to 10,000 number average molecular weight, free radically grafted with an average of from about 0.5 to about 5 carboxylic acid producing moieties per polymer chain, and (B) at least one non-aromatic nucleophilic post-treating reactant selected from (i) amine compounds containing only a single reactive amino group per molecule, (ii) alcohol compounds containing only a single hydroxy group per molecule, (iii) polyamine compounds containing at least two reactive amino groups per molecule, (iv) polyol compounds containing at least two reactive hydroxy groups per molecule, (v) aminoalcohol compounds containing at least one reactive amino group and at least one reactive hydroxy group per molecule, and (vi) mixtures of (i) to (v); provided that when said post-treating reactant includes one or more of (iii), (iv) or (v), the reaction between (A) and (B) is conducted in the presence of sufficient chain-stopping or end-capping co-reactant (C) to ensure that the grafted and post-reacted product mixture is gel-free.
Abstract:
Nitrogen-containing functionalised polymers may be obtained by reacting olefinically-unsaturated polymers and N-substituted amido or imido compounds in the presence of an acid catalyst. The compounds may be useful as oil additives, for example, as dispersants, in lubricating or fuel oil compositions. C.sub.2 to C.sub.25 olefins may be reacted with N-substituted amido or imido compounds to obtain dihydrooxazine compounds, which may be useful as chemical intermediates.
Abstract:
A dispersant derivatized from a functionalized hydrocarbon and a polyamine having one primary amine and 1-10, preferably 3-8 secondary or tertiary amines; preferably where said functionalized hydrocarbon is a Koch-derived hydrocarbon.
Abstract:
An oil-soluble lubricating oil additive useful as a dispersant, comprising Mannich Base condensates of an alkyl (hydrocarbon or polymer) substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with an aldehyde and a heavy polyamine. A heavy polyamine is a mixture of polyalkylenepolyamines comprising small amounts of lower polyamine oligomers such as tetraethylene pentamine and pentahexamine but primarily oligomers with 7 or more nitrogens, 2 or more primary amines per molecule, and more extensive branching than conventional polyamine mixtures.
Abstract:
According to the present invention, oleaginous compositions having improved stability are provided, wherein high molecular weight ashless dispersants and metal detergents are pre-blended at a temperature of at least 100.degree. C. for a period of from 1 to 10 hours, cooled to at least 85.degree. C. and admixed with additional additives, including oil soluble copper antioxidants and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate antiwear agents.
Abstract:
An oil soluble nitrogen containing grafted degraded ethylene copolymers useful as multifunctional viscosity index improvers or modifiers, such as VI improver-dispersant additives. The nitrogen containing grafted degraded ethylene copolymers are grafted with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid grafting material and the grafted degraded ethylene copolymers are then reacted with at least one polyamine containing one primary amine group and at least one or more secondary amine groups.
Abstract:
Ester derivatives useful as fuels and lubricating oil additives are prepared by the Michael addition of an alkyl acrylate to an amine to produce an intermediate ester, followed by an ester interchange with the intermediate ester to produce the final ester derivatives, some of which are novel compounds.
Abstract:
A fuel oil composition comprises fuel oil and 0.1 to 50,000 ppm of an additive compound having the formula (I) in which R is a hydrocarbyl radical having 10 to 50 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 10 to 50 and n is an integer of 1 to 3. It is improved in cleaning property.
Abstract:
Oxidised polyisobutenes, that is polyisobutenes containing ketonic and carboxylic acid carbonyl groups, are produced by passing through a column of the polyisobutene maintained at a temperature in the range from 140.degree. to 200.degree. C. and at atmospheric or elevated total pressure a molecular oxygen-containing gaseous oxidant at a gas flow rate greater than 10 liters cm.sup.-2 h.sup.-1 measured at the operating pressure. The oxidized polysisobutenes can be reacted for example with an aliphatic polyamine to produce a lubricating oil additive or with an aliphatic polyamine and formaldehyde to product a fuels additive.
Abstract:
Additives suitable for improving the flow and/or depressing the cloud point of crude oils, lubricating oils and especially fuel oils are polymers containing defined alkyl groups of at least 8 carbon atoms chain length. Such polymers are either (a) of a mixture of monomers having only two alkyl groups being at least 3 carbon atoms longer than the other or (b) of a mixture of monomers having only three alkyl groups each differing by at least 3 carbon atoms and the middle alkyl group being half the combined length of the other two. Alternatively, the polymer may be derived from a monomer having the two defined alkyl groups (a) or the three defined alkyl groups (b).