摘要:
An integrated circuit package in which semiconductor elements mounted on an insulating substrate, ends of lead pieces introduced from the outside and wires that electrically connect them, are accommodated in a cell that is air-tightly defined by the substrate, a cap and a sealing glass. The lead pieces are composed of an alloy having a coefficient of thermal expansion nearly equal to, or smaller than, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate. The alloy is an iron alloy which contains nickel and cobalt, and having a martensite transformation temperture of lower than -55.degree. C.
摘要:
A display device includes an optical region containing a plurality of pigment grains. Each of the plurality of pigment grains formed by a plurality of pigment molecules encapsulated in an inorganic material, and each of the plurality of pigment grains has a grain size not greater than 70 nm.
摘要:
A method of treating a metal alkoxide solution to form metal oxide prepolymer molecules therein is characterized by irradiating the solution with light energy having a wavelength selected to break the metal-alkoxy group bond in said metal alkoxide, thereby to form the metal oxide prepolymer molecules in the solution. The prepolymer is converted into polymeric metal oxide gel. The stoichiometry of the oxide is high. A gel of carbon content below 4 atomic % can be achieved by the step of decarbonizing the gel, preferably using light to produce ozone.
摘要:
An anti-reflection film is in the form of a laminated film composed of an uppermost film layer containing coloring matter having an absorbing peak in a region near the infrared region of 700 nm-900 nm, or coloring matter having an absorbing peak in a region of 600 nm-700 nm, or both of the above coloring matter, and the next film layer to the uppermost layer containing coloring matter having an absorbing peak in a region of 500 nm-600 nm. The anti-reflection film utilizes a variation of the refractive indexes based on abnormal refractive index dispersion by the films containing the coloring matter. The anti-reflection film having a low reflectivity all over the visible light region can be manufactured by utilizing the abnormal refractive index dispersion of the next layer to the uppermost layer caused by an absorption of red coloring matter and a balance with the refractive indexes of the uppermost layer containing red color matter having an absorption in the region near the infrared wavelength, or blue coloring matter, or both of the above coloring matter. Furthermore, red coloring matter, having an absorbing peak in the region of 500 nm-600 nm and contained in the next layer to the uppermost layer, absorbs side bands of green and red, and accordingly, color purity is improved.
摘要:
Integrated circuit devices, chips and methods of making and operating them are disclosed. The devices are specially adapted for high frequency operation e.g. at or above 1 GHz. Inductive noise caused by switching at these frequencies--and which can interfere with switching--is inhibited by using a large bypass capacitor connected between power and ground connections outside the chip, and a small bypass capacitor connected between the same power and ground connections but formed inside the chip. The smaller capacitor cuts noise attributable to the wiring between the larger capacitor and the chip. The chip can have many of the smaller capacitors, even one or more per gate. In the preferred embodiments, the small capacitors from power and ground bonding pads are formed at the front surface of the chip substrate. Tantalum pentoxide, and other suitable dielectrics having relative dielectric constant of 10 or more at 1 GHz, are used to form the capacitors.
摘要:
A method of treating a metal alkoxide solution to form metal oxide prepolymer molecules therein is characterized by irradiating the solution with light energy having a wavelength selected to break the metal-alkoxy group bond in said metal alkoxide, thereby to form the metal oxide prepolymer molecules in the solution. The prepolymer is converted into polymeric metal oxide gel. The stoichiometry of the oxide is high. A gel of carbon content below 4 atomic % can be achieved by the step of decarbonizing the gel, preferably using light to produce ozone.
摘要:
A high definition display apparatus having a wavelength selective absorption effect and an anti-static and anti-reflection effect is provided by thin films having a low resistance and a high refractive index. The high definition display apparatus has an anti-static and anti-reflection film composed of laminated oxide or metallic thin films, wherein at least three layers of oxide or metallic films having different reflectance from each other are laminated onto the front surf ace of the display apparatus, and the laminated films are composed such that an absorbing film containing coloring material is arranged under a high reflectance film as seen from the outer surface of the laminated films.
摘要:
A ferroelectric element having a high Pr and a low Ec and having a good withstand voltage, which is in the form of a thin film using a ferroelectric layer containing insulating particles, is provided. The ferroelectric layer containing the insulating particles is effective to suppress leakage current caused through grain boundaries of crystals, and hence to exhibit a high Pr and a low Ec and a good withstand voltage. The ferroelectric element has a structure in which such a ferroelectric layer in the form of a thin film is sandwiched between electrodes. By incorporating the ferroelectric element in a field effect transistor structure, it is possible to realize a highly integrated semiconductor device for detecting reading or writing.
摘要:
A cathode ray tube includes a film which is formed on an outer surface of a panel portion. The film is comprised of a first particles which become transparent due to the oxidation and a second particles which are chemically and physically stable and have the light absorbing ability and the conductivity. A number of the transparent first particles is gradually increased toward a peripheral portion from the center portion of the panel portion.
摘要:
An anti-reflection film is produced on the panel surface of a cathode-ray tube by:(A) preparing a solution for forming an anti-reflection film, which contains water and a metal alkoxide having the formula,M(OR).sub.nwherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, Al, Zr, Sn, In, Sb and Zn; R is an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 1 to 8; and when n is not 1, the alkyl groups represented by R may be the same or different,(B) coating the solution for forming an anti-reflection film on the outermost surface of the panel of a cathode-ray tube, and(C) applying an ultraviolet light to the solution for forming an anti-reflection film coated on said surface to cure the solution to form a transparent film with fine roughness.This production method is carried out using an apparatus having:(a) a coating means for coating the above solution for forming an anti-reflection film on the outermost surface of the panel of a cathode-ray tube,(b) a transferring means for transferring the solution-coated cathode-ray tube, and(c) an ultraviolet light-applying means for photocuring the solution coated on the cathode-ray tube during the transfer of the solution-coated cathode-ray tube.In the above method, when a silicon alkoxide is used as the metal alkoxide, there can be obtained a cathode-ray tube having an anti-reflection film made of alkali-free silica on the outermost surface of the panel, said anti-reflection film giving a ratio of Si-O-Si peak intensity to Si-OH peak intensity of 4 or more when measured for infrared spectrum.