摘要:
A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low oxides of nitrogen emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and\or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.
摘要:
A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low nitrous oxide emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and\or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.
摘要:
A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low nitrous oxide emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and/or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.
摘要:
A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low oxides of nitrogen emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and/or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.
摘要:
A turbomachine, operable as a compressor or a turbine, for a compressible fluid is provided which includes a wheel having a plurality of vanes extending from a generally axial flow section to a generally radial flow section. Adjacent vanes define fluid passageways having a generally axially oriented section and a generally radially oriented section. Located substantially within the generally radially oriented sections of a predetermined number of passageways is a reference station which has a configuration such that the mean tangential dimension of said passageway at said reference station is no more than about 60% of the circumference of the rotor at that mean radius divided by the number of vanes at that radius. Each reference station serves to effect substantial attachment of the flowing fluid to the surfaces defining said passageway, particularly at low mass flow, and, thus, broaden the usable flow range of the turbomachine. A rounded vane end at the wheel periphery further serves to enhance said attachment.
摘要:
Diphenylbutyltetrahydropyridines of the following formula: ##STR1## are disclosed, in which X is hydrogen, halogen such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, trifluoromethyl, alkoxy, nitro, amino, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl or substituted aryl and n is 0, 1 or 2. These compounds are useful as antipsychotics.
摘要:
Tetrahydropyridylbutyrophenones of the following formula IX: ##STR1## wherein x is hydrogen, halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, trifluoromethyl, alkoxy, nitro, cyano, amino, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, aryl or substituted aryl; y is hydrogen or halogen; and n is 0, 1 or 2; and the non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. Tetrahydropyridylbutanols having the formula X: ##STR2## wherein x and y are as defined above, as well as their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, are also disclosed. The compounds of the invention having the formulas IX and X are useful as antipsychotics.
摘要:
1-[4,4-Bis(4-fluorophenyl)butyl]-4-phenoxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines and related piperidines are disclosed in the present invention. These compounds have the structural formulas: ##STR1## in which X is hydrogen, halogen, dihalogen, trifluoromethyl, lower alkoxy, nitro, amino, cyano, lower alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl. Also included are the corresponding non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, and the N-oxides of compounds of the formulas I and II.The above compounds are useful in the management of manifestations of psychotic disorders.
摘要:
A turbomachine for a compressible fluid is provided which includes a compressor wheel having a plurality of vanes extending from a generally axial flow inlet to a generally radial flow outlet. Adjacent vanes define fluid passageways having a generally axially oriented section near the inlet and a generally radially oriented section near the outlet. Located substantially within the generally radially oriented sections of a predetermined number of passageways is a reference station which has a configuration such that the mean tangential dimension of said passageway at said reference station is no more than about 60% of the circumference of the rotor at that mean radius divided by the number of vanes at that radius. Each reference station serves to effect substantial attachment of the flowing fluid to the surfaces defining said passageway, particularly at low mass flow, and, thus, broaden the usable flow range of the compressor.
摘要:
Tetrahydropyridylbutyrophenones of the following formula I: ##STR1## wherein x is hydrogen, halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, trifluoromethyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, nitro, cyano, amino, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, aryl or substituted aryl; and y is hydrogen or halogen; and the non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. The compounds of the invention having the formula I are useful in the treatment of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia.