摘要:
A synergistic mixture comprising from 1 to 99.9% by weight of compounds having structural elements (I) in which the free valencies on the oxygen atom and on the nitrogen atom may be combined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring and the benzene ring may also bear substituents at one or more of the free positions, and from 0.1 to 99% by weight of sulfur-containing organic compounds with antioxidant action. This synergistic mixture is suitable as a stabilizer for stabilizing inanimate organic material, especially mineral oil products and fuels, against the action of light, oxygen and heat.
摘要:
A synergistic mixture comprising from 1 to 99.9% by weight of compounds having structural elements (I) in which the free valencies on the oxygen atom and on the nitrogen atom may be combined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring and the benzene ring may also bear substituents at one or more of the free positions, and from 0.1 to 99% by weight of sulfur-containing organic compounds with antioxidant action. This synergistic mixture is suitable as a stabilizer for stabilizing inanimate organic material, especially mineral oil products and fuels, against the action of light, oxygen and heat.
摘要:
Polymer of number average molecular weight 1,000 to 20,000 containing the repeating units (I) (II) or (III) (II) have been found useful as low temperature flow improvers for distillate fuels particularly in combination with other additives. ##STR1##
摘要:
A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, a fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per liter of fuel is described. The fuel composition comprises a major amount of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a minor, property improving amount of(A) at least one hydrocarbon-soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal-containing composition, and(B) at least one hydrocarbon-soluble ashless dispersant.When a mixture of the metal-containing composition (A) and the ashless dispersant (B) are incorporated into gasolines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per liter of fuel, the treated fuel exhibits improved stability and water tolerance, and when the unleaded or low lead-containing fuels of the present invention are utilized in internal combustion engines, there is a significant reduction in valve seat recession. Methods of reducing valve seat recession in internal combustion engines utilizing lead free or low lead-containing fuels also are described.
摘要:
A hydrocarbon composition such as a lubricating or specialty oil containing a selected heteroaromatic nitrogen compound as an antioxidant/metal deactivator/electrical insulator having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein each X is C or N with at least one X being N; Y is C or N; R is H or CH.sub.2 NR"'.sub.2 where each R" is H or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons; R' is H, SR"' OR "' or NR"'.sub.2 with each R"' being H or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbons.
IN WHICH R AND R2 ARE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROGEN, -NR2, SILYL, SILYL LINKED VIA OXYGEN, SILYL LINKED VIA NITROGEN, SULFAMYL, ORGANOSULFONAMIDO, NITRO ORGANIC RADICAL, ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA OXYGEN, ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA SULFUR, ORGANIC RAIDCAL LINKED VIA NITROGEN, ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA -SO-AND ORGANIC RADICCAL LINKED VIA -SO2-; WITH THE PROVISO THAT THE R2 GROUP INGS WHEN JOINED TOGETHER FORM AN ORTHO CONDENSED SYCLIC OR POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBON; R1 IS A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROGEN, -NH2, SILYL, SILYL LINKED VIA OXYGEN, SILYL LINKED VIA NITROGEN, SULFAMYL, ORGANOSULFONAMIDO, NITRO, ORGANIC RADICAL, ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA OXYGEN ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA SULFUR, ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA NITROGEN, ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA-SO-ORGANIC RADICAL LINKED VIA -SO1- MERCAPTO. SULFINO AND SULFO; R3 IS A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROGEN, HALOGEN AND METHYL; AND Z IS A MEMBER SELELCTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HALOGEN AND AN ELECTRON WITHDRAWING GROUP CONTAINING AN ELECTROONEGATIVE ATOM DOUBLY OR TRIPLY BONDED TO A MORE POSITIVE ATOM WHICH ATOM IS SINGLY BONDED TO THE CARBON ATOM ATTACHED TO THE PYRIDINE RING, EXEMPLARY OF SUCH COMPOSITIONS IS 1,4-BIS (TRIMETHYLSILY)-2-(1-CYANOETHYL)-1,2-DIHYDROPYRIDINE. THE COMPOUNDS OF THE INVENTION ARE USEFUL AS ANTIOXIDANTS FOR POLYPHENYL ETHERS, AS STABILIZERS FOR HALOGEN ATED POLYHYDROCARBONS, AS CURING AGENTS FOR SILICONES AND EXPOXIDE RESINS, AS DYEING IMPROVERS FOR POLYESTERS AND AS FUEL ADDITIVES FOR IMPARTING HYPERGOLIC PROPERTIES.