摘要:
A method of growing single crystal silicon in a liquid phase comprises preparing a melt by dissolving a solid of silicon containing boron, aluminum, phosphorus or arsenic at a predetermined concentration into indium melted in a carbon boat or a quartz crucible, supersaturating the melt, and submerging a substrate into the melt, thereby growing a silicon crystal containing a dopant element. This method can provide a method of growing a thin film of crystalline silicon having a high crystallinity and a dopant concentration favorably controlled, thereby serving for mass production of inexpensive solar cells which have high performance as well as image displays which have high contrast and are free from color ununiformity.
摘要:
A process for producing a semiconductor substrate is provided which comprises a first step of anodizing a surface of a first substrate to form a porous layer on the surface, a second step of simultaneously forming a semiconductor layer on the surface of the porous layer and a semiconductor layer on a surface of the first substrate on its side opposite to the porous layer side, a third step of bonding the surface of the semiconductor layer formed on the surface of the porous layer to a surface of a second substrate, and a fourth step of separating the first substrate and the second substrate at the part of the porous layer to transfer to the second substrate the semiconductor layer formed on the surface of the porous layer, thereby providing the semiconductor layer on the surface of the second substrate. This makes it possible to produce semiconductor substrates at a low cost while making good use of expensive substrate materials.
摘要:
A solar cell module comprises a plurality of unit cells connected in series, each of the unit cells comprising in this order an electrode, a first semiconductor layer having a first conductivity type and a second semiconductor layer having a second conductivity type. The electrode has a region not covered with the first semiconductor layer. The second semiconductor layer has a main region and a subregion which are separated by a groove. The main region of the second semiconductor layer in one unit cell is electrically connected to the region of the electrode not covered with the first semiconductor layer in another unit cell adjacent to the one unit cell. The region of the electrode not covered with the first semiconductor layer in the one unit cell is electrically connected to the subregion of the second semiconductor layer in the another unit cell. With this structure, it is possible to simplify the formation of a bypass diode and therefore provide a solar cell module with high reliability at a low cost.
摘要:
A method for forming an indium oxide film on an electrically conductive substrate by immersing the substrate and a counter electrode in an aqueous solution containing at least nitrate and indium ions and flowing an electric current between the substrate and the couter electrode, thereby causing indium oxide film formation on the substrate, is provided. A substrate for a semiconductor element and a photovoltaic element produced using the film forming method are also provided. An aqueous solution for the formation of an indium oxide film by an electroless deposition process, containing at least nitrate and indium ions and tartrate, is also disclosed. A film-forming method for the formation of an indium oxide film on a substrate by an electroless deposition process, using the aqueous solution, and a substrate for a semiconductor element and a photovoltaic element produced using the film-forming method are further provided.
摘要:
A photovoltaic device comprises a metal with a smooth surface; a transparent conductive layer formed on the smooth surface; and a photoelectric conversion layer formed on the transparent conductive layer. The transparent conductive layer has an irregular surface at a side opposite to the smooth surface.
摘要:
An image-forming member for electro-photography has a photoconductive layer comprising a hydrogenated amorphous semiconductor composed of silicon and/or germanium as a matrix and at least one chemical modifier such as carbon, nitrogen and oxygen contained in the matrix.
摘要:
A layer of amorphous silicon containing H, preferably 10-40 atomic % H, which is used as a photoconductive layer for electrophotographic photosensitive member, is formed by plasma CVD using a silane gas of a higher than monosilane.
摘要:
A microwave plasma CVD method for continuously forming a large area and length functional deposited film, the method comprises: continuously moving a substrate web in the longitudinal direction by paying out it by a pay-out mechanism and taking it up by a take-up mechanism; establishing a substantially enclosed film-forming chamber by curving and projecting the moving substrate web to form a columnar portion to be the circumferential wall of the film-forming chamber as the substrate is moving from the pay-out mechanism toward the take-up mechanism; introducing a film-forming raw material gas through a gas feeder into the film-forming chamber; and simultaneously, radiating a microwave energy in the film-forming chamber by using a microwave applicator, which is so designed that it can radiate a microwave energy in the direction parallel to the microwave propagating direction, to generate plasma in the film-forming chamber, thereby continuously forming a deposited film on the inner wall face of the continuously moving circumferential wall exposed to the plasma.
摘要:
An apparatus for forming a functional silicon- or germanium-containing amorphous deposited film on a substrate which comprises a film-forming chamber having a film-forming space, a substrate holder and an electric heater for positioning the substrate in the film-forming chamber, an exhaust pipe in fluid communication with the film-forming chamber, a first gas-introducing portion for providing an active species (H), having an activation space for generating the active species (H), a microwave discharge supply source and a passage for providing a gaseous hydrogen-containing material into the activation space in order to produce the active species (H), a second gas-introducing portion for providing a gaseous silicon-or germanium-containing material (X), capable of reacting with the active species (H) to form a reaction product (HX) that is capable of forming the functional deposited film on the substrate, and a transportation path having a mixing space and a second microwave discharge energy supply source for promoting reaction with the active species.
摘要:
A semiconductor element comprises its main part constituted of a polycrystalline silicon semiconductor layer containing 0.01 to 1 atomic % of fluorine atoms.