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公开(公告)号：US5793521A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US684786
申请日：1996-07-22
申请人： Stephen O'Brien , Alexander Schoenfelder , Robert J. Lang , Amos A. Hardy , Ross A. Parke , David F. Welch
发明人： Stephen O'Brien , Alexander Schoenfelder , Robert J. Lang , Amos A. Hardy , Ross A. Parke , David F. Welch
IPC分类号： H01S5/026 , H01S5/042 , H01S5/062 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/16 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/20 , H01S5/50 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S5/026 , H01S5/0425 , H01S5/20 , H01S5/50 , H01S2301/163 , H01S2301/166 , H01S5/0267 , H01S5/0422 , H01S5/06243 , H01S5/1014 , H01S5/1053 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/1085 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/16 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/2036 , H01S5/5018
摘要： An optical gain medium comprising, for example, an optical semiconductor device which is differentially pumped and a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) device employing such an amplifier. The gain medium may have a linear stripe region or a diverging stripe region that allows the light propagating therein to diverge along at least part of its length, such as a flared or tapered amplifier having a gain region that increases in width toward its output at a rate that equals or exceeds the divergence of the light. The amplifier is pumped with a current density at its input end which is smaller than the current density used to pump the output end for maintaining coherence of the beam to high power levels employing differential pumping. Differential pumping may be both longitudinal and lateral within the amplifier and may be patterned to reduce the peak modal gain observed longitudinally along and/or laterally across the pumped stripe region of the gain medium so that he experienced modal gain of the propagating light is more balanced along the length of the stripe region, i.e., rendered significantly more uniform in distribution, providing for higher diffraction limited performance without optical filamentation formation.
摘要翻译： 一种光增益介质，包括例如差分泵浦的光半导体器件和使用这种放大器的主振荡器功率放大器（MOPA）器件。 增益介质可以具有线性条纹区域或发散条纹区域，其允许其中传播的光沿着其长度的至少一部分发散，例如具有增大区域的扩张区域或锥形放大器，该增宽区域在宽度方向上朝向其输出端 等于或超过光的分歧。 放大器在其输入端以电流密度泵送，该电流密度小于用于泵浦输出端的电流密度，以便通过差分泵浦将光束的相干保持为高功率电平。 差分泵浦可以在放大器内纵向和横向两者，并且可以被图案化以减少在增益介质的泵浦条带区域沿纵向和/或横向观察到的峰值模态增益，使得他经历了传播光的模态增益更均衡 沿着条纹区域的长度，即在分布中显着地更均匀地提供，从而提供更高的衍射限制性能，而不需要光学成丝形成。
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公开(公告)号：US5771252A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-23
申请号：US592906
申请日：1996-01-29
申请人： Robert J. Lang , David G. Mehuys , David F. Welch
发明人： Robert J. Lang , David G. Mehuys , David F. Welch
CPC分类号： H01S5/141 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/2308 , H01S5/0064 , H01S5/143
摘要： An external cavity, continuously tunable wavelength source comprising a coherent light source having an external cavity including a reflector, such as a mirror or right-angle prism, for reflecting a selected wavelength from a diffraction grating back into the coherent light source. The wavelength is selected by simultaneous rotation and translational movement of the reflector about a pivot point such that the optical path length of the external cavity is substantially identical to a numerical integer of half wavelengths at a plurality of tunable wavelengths about a central wavelength of a tunable bandwidth for the source such that cavity phase error is zero at the central wavelength and is maximally flat on either side of the center wavelength within the tunable bandwidth. The location of said pivot axis is chosen to set the cavity phase error equal to zero and its first and second derivatives substantially equal to zero at exactly one wavelength. The external cavity may be either a Littman optical cavity configuration or a Littrow external cavity configuration. The output of the coherent light source is optically coupled to a gain element for amplification.
摘要翻译： 包括相干光源的外部腔，连续可调波长源，其具有包括诸如反射镜或直角棱镜的反射器的外部空腔，用于将所选择的波长从衍射光栅反射回相干光源。 通过反射器围绕枢转点的同时旋转和平移运动来选择波长，使得外腔的光路长度基本上与可调谐的中心波长的多个可调谐波长处的半波长的数值整数相同 带宽，使得中心波长处的腔相位误差为零，并且在可调谐带宽内的中心波长的任一侧上最大为平坦。 选择所述枢转轴线的位置以将空腔相位误差设定为零，其第一和第二导数在正好一个波长处基本上等于零。 外腔可以是Littman光腔配置或Littrow外腔配置。 相干光源的输出光耦合到用于放大的增益元件。
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83.发明授权High power, reliable optical fiber pumping system with high redundancy for use in lightwave communication systems 失效高功率，可靠的光纤泵浦系统，具有高冗余度，用于光波通信系统
公开(公告)号：US5761234A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-02
申请号：US677146
申请日：1996-07-09
申请人： Richard R. Craig , Robert LG. Waarts , David F. Welch , John G. Endriz , Dirk J. Kuizenga , Steven Sanders
发明人： Richard R. Craig , Robert LG. Waarts , David F. Welch , John G. Endriz , Dirk J. Kuizenga , Steven Sanders
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , H01S3/2383 , H01S5/4031 , H01S3/09408 , H01S5/4025
摘要： An optical amplifier pumping system with built-in redundant reliability for lightwave communication system provides plural levels of redundancy. A first level of redundancy deals with redundancy in the form of plural primary laser diode sources in the lightwave communication system. A second level of redundancy deals with redundancy of multiple single mode laser emitters on the same chip or bar sufficiently segmented so as not to interfere with operation of or cause failure to adjacent or neighboring emitters on the same chip or bar. A third level of deals with redundancy of a plurality of fiber pump sources for pumping a plurality of serially connected injection signal fiber amplifiers.
摘要翻译： 具有光波通信系统内置冗余可靠性的光放大器泵浦系统提供多级冗余。 第一级冗余处理在光波通信系统中以多个主激光二极管源的形式的冗余。 第二级冗余处理在相同芯片或条上的多个单模激光发射器的冗余，其被充分分段，以便不会干扰相同芯片或条上相邻或相邻发射器的操作或引起故障。 用于泵浦多个串联连接的注入信号光纤放大器的多个光纤泵浦源的冗余的第三级处理。
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公开(公告)号：US5715268A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-03
申请号：US724374
申请日：1996-10-01
CPC分类号： H01S5/50 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0608 , H01S5/06256 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/20
摘要： A travelling-wave semiconductor laser amplifier having suppressed self-oscillation is provided. When incorporated into a master oscillator power amplifier device, such a device has improved light output versus amplifier current characteristics. Also provided is a method for suppressing self-oscillation in travelling-wave semiconductor laser amplifier structures for improving the characteristics of the device into which the amplifier is incorporated.
摘要翻译： 提供抑制自振荡的行波半导体激光放大器。 当结合到主振荡器功率放大器装置中时，这种装置对于放大器电流特性具有改进的光输出。 还提供了一种用于抑制行波半导体激光放大器结构中的自振荡的方法，用于改善放大器并入其中的器件的特性。
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公开(公告)号：US5677920A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US572029
申请日：1995-12-14
CPC分类号： G02B6/03638 , G02B6/03605 , G02B6/03633 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/094003 , C03B2201/82 , C03B2203/12 , C03B2203/32 , G02B6/4204 , H01S3/06729 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/094069 , H01S3/094092 , H01S3/0941 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/4025
摘要： An upconversion fiber laser uses a pump source which may be another fiber laser, such as a high power, diode-laser-pumped, fiber laser. The upconversion fiber laser includes an optical fiber whose core region is doped with an active lasing ionic species capable when optically pumped of undergoing upconversion excitation, such as certain rare earth ionic species, and which is embedded in a cladding of the optical fiber. Use of a fiber pump laser can improve coupling of pump light into the optical fiber, thereby achieving higher pump intensities in the core region and improved upconversion efficiency. The upconversion fiber laser's resonant laser cavity is defined by feedback means which can include at least one reflective grating formed in the optical fiber, as well as a reflective end face of the optical fiber. Any portion of the optical fiber that lies outside of the resonant laser cavity, such as any portion beyond the integral reflective grating, may act as an optical power amplifier for the upconverted laser output. The disclosure includes other embodiments in which pump brightness can be further increased with multiple pump sources.
摘要翻译： 上转换光纤激光器使用可以是另一种光纤激光器的泵浦源，例如高功率，二极管激光泵浦的光纤激光器。 上转换光纤激光器包括光纤，其核心区域掺杂有当被泵浦经历上转换激发的活性激光离子物质，例如某些稀土离子物质，并且嵌入在光纤的包层中。 使用纤维泵浦激光器可以改善泵浦光与光纤的耦合，从而在芯区域实现更高的泵浦强度，并提高上转换效率。 上变频光纤激光器的谐振激光腔由反射装置限定，该反馈装置可以包括形成在光纤中的至少一个反射光栅以及光纤的反射端面。 位于谐振激光腔外部的光纤的任何部分，例如整个反射光栅之外的任何部分，都可以作为上变频激光输出的光功率放大器。 本公开包括其中可以使用多个泵浦源进一步增加泵亮度的其他实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US5602864A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-11
申请号：US393136
申请日：1995-02-21
IPC分类号： H01S3/081 , H01S3/23 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/042 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/065 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/14 , H01S5/18 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/20 , H01S5/40 , H01S5/50 , H01S3/19
CPC分类号： H01S5/1014 , G02B6/305 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/065 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/141 , H01S5/20 , G02B6/12004 , H01S2301/166 , H01S3/0818 , H01S3/113 , H01S5/0286 , H01S5/0425 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/06256 , H01S5/0655 , H01S5/1003 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/1082 , H01S5/1085 , H01S5/1215 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/14 , H01S5/146 , H01S5/18 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/2036 , H01S5/2063 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/4062 , H01S5/4087 , H01S5/50
摘要： A semiconductor laser having a light amplifying diode heterostructure with a flared gain region in an external resonant cavity. The flared gain region has a narrow aperture end which may be coupled to a single mode waveguide and a wide output end. A light emitting surface of the heterostructure proximate to the wide end of the flared gain region is partially reflective and combines with an external reflector to form a resonant cavity that is effectively unstable. The intracavity light-emitting surface proximate to the narrow aperture end is antireflection coated. The external reflector may be a planar mirror or a grating reflector. A lens or an optical fiber may couple the aperture end of the flared gain region to the external reflector. Frequency-selective feedback is provided by orienting the grating reflector or providing a prism in the cavity in front of the external planar mirror. Other filtering elements may also be placed in the external cavity. The flared gain region and waveguide may be differentially pumped or modulated with current provided by separate contacts.
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87.发明授权Method and apparatus for detecting the presence and location of objects in a field via scanned optical beams 失效用于通过扫描光束检测场中物体的存在和位置的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5565686A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-15
申请号：US400088
申请日：1995-03-07
申请人： David F. Welch
发明人： David F. Welch
摘要： An optical system and method for detecting the presence and location of multiple objects in a field. The optical system has at least one light source to generate a beam, which beam is scanned by at least one first reflecting surface to generate at least three sets of beams. A first and second set of beams are overlapped across the field by at least one second reflecting surface and a third set overlaps the field without the second reflecting surface. The beam intensity is measured by at least one detection means.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测场中多个物体的存在和位置的光学系统和方法。 光学系统具有至少一个光源以产生光束，该光束被至少一个第一反射表面扫描以产生至少三组光束。 第一和第二组梁通过至少一个第二反射表面跨越场重叠，并且第三组在不具有第二反射表面的情况下与场重叠。 光束强度由至少一个检测装置测量。
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公开(公告)号：US5321718A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US10279
申请日：1993-01-28
IPC分类号： G02F1/37 , H01S3/00 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/14 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/40 , H01S5/50 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S5/50 , G02F1/37 , H01S5/0265 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/0092 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/06256 , H01S5/1064 , H01S5/1215 , H01S5/141 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/4031 , H01S5/4068 , H01S5/4087
摘要： A compact semiconductor laser light source providing short wavelength (ultraviolet, blue or green) coherent light by means of frequency doubling of red or infrared light from a high power diode heterostructure. The high power diode heterostructure is a MOPA device having a single mode laser oscillator followed by a multimode, preferably flared, optical power amplifier. A tunable configuration having an external rear reflector grating could also be used. A lens could be integrated with the MOPA to laterally collimate the light before it is emitted. Straight or curved, surface emitting gratings could also be incorporated. An astigmatism-correcting lens system having at least one cylindrical lens surface is disposed in the path of the output from the MOPA to provide a beam with substantially equal lateral and transverse beam width dimensions and beam divergence angles. A nonlinear optical crystal or waveguide is placed in the path of the astigmatism-free symmetrized beam to double the frequency of the light. Single pass or multipass configurations with reflectors could be used, as well as external resonator and segmented, periodically poled waveguide configurations.
摘要翻译： 一种紧凑的半导体激光光源，通过从高功率二极管异质结构的红色或红外光的倍频提供短波长（紫外线，蓝色或绿色）相干光。 高功率二极管异质结构是具有单模激光振荡器的MOPA器件，其后是多模，优选为扩展的光功率放大器。 也可以使用具有外部后反射器光栅的可调构造。 透镜可以与MOPA集成，以在发射光之前对光进行横向准直。 还可以结合直的或弯曲的表面发射光栅。 具有至少一个柱面透镜表面的散光校正透镜系统设置在来自MOPA的输出的路径中，以提供具有基本相等的横向和横向波束宽度尺寸和光束发散角的光束。 将非线性光学晶体或波导放置在无散光对称光束的路径中，将光的频率加倍。 可以使用具有反射器的单通或多通道配置，以及外部谐振器和分段的周期性极化波导配置。
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公开(公告)号：US5255332A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US915918
申请日：1992-07-16
申请人： David F. Welch , Donald R. Scifres , Robert G. Waarts , Amos A. Hardy , David G. Mehuys , Stephen O'Brien
发明人： David F. Welch , Donald R. Scifres , Robert G. Waarts , Amos A. Hardy , David G. Mehuys , Stephen O'Brien
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02B6/2804 , G02B6/2848 , G02F1/313 , G02F1/017 , G02F2201/305
摘要： An optical crossbar switch matrix for use in switching optical signals from a first set of optical fibers to a second set of optical fibers, in any order, which is characterized by having a matrix of rows and columns of diffraction gratings formed in a semiconductor heterostructure. Each grating is independently biased with either a forward or reverse bias voltage to switch the grating between a reflective state and a transmissive state. The gratings are oriented at an angle relative to the rows and columns so that when the Bragg condition for the light received from an optical film is met, a portion of the light is diffracted from the row in which it is propagating into a column toward another optical fiber. The heterostructure may include optical amplifiers to restore the optical signal to its original power level. Beam expanding, collimating and focussing optics may also be integrated into the heterostructure.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将光信号从第一组光纤切换到第二组光纤的光学交叉开关矩阵，其特征在于具有在半导体异质结构中形成的行和列的衍射光栅的矩阵。 每个光栅被独立地偏置有正向或反向偏置电压，以在反射状态和透射状态之间切换光栅。 光栅相对于行和列以一定角度取向，使得当满足从光学膜接收的光的布拉格条件时，光的一部分从其正在传播到列的行衍射成另一个 光纤。 异质结构可以包括将光信号恢复到其原始功率电平的光放大器。 光束扩展，准直和聚焦光学器件也可以整合到异质结构中。
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公开(公告)号：US5231642A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-27
申请号：US880681
申请日：1992-05-08
申请人： Donald R. Scifres , Kenneth M. Dzurko , Robert G. Waarts , David F. Welch , Amos Hardy , Stephen O'Brien
发明人： Donald R. Scifres , Kenneth M. Dzurko , Robert G. Waarts , David F. Welch , Amos Hardy , Stephen O'Brien
IPC分类号： H01S5/026 , H01S5/028 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/20 , H01S5/40 , H01S5/42 , H01S5/50
CPC分类号： H01S5/1032 , H01S5/1071 , H01S5/20 , H01S5/423 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/028 , H01S5/1243 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/2036 , H01S5/4075 , H01S5/42 , H01S5/50
摘要： A semiconductor laser that includes at least one grating reflector with a grating period selected to diffract at a nonperpendicular angle within the plane of the laser waveguide. This allows dispersal of laser light, eliminating filamentary multimode operation of broad area lasers. In one embodiment, the grating reflector couples light between a single transverse mode waveguide portion of the optical cavity and a second, broad area, portion that is not collinear with the single mode waveguide. In another embodiment, the cavity favors a ring mode of oscillation. One or more grating reflectors form part of the feedback mechanism which forms a resonant optical cavity with noncollinear portions. Other reflectors in the feedback mechanism include facet reflectors which can be cleaved or ion milled, or semiconductor material refractive index boundaries. Laser embodiments with two or more grating reflectors can be independently tuned to provide a high rate of amplitude modulation. Spatial beam deflection and wavelength tuning are also achieved. A stable unidirectional ring laser is also described. Multiple ring laser cavities can also be coupled together by partially reflecting grating reflectors to form a laser array.
摘要翻译： 一种半导体激光器，其包括至少一个具有光栅周期的光栅反射器，所述光栅反射器被选择为在激光波导的平面内以非垂直角衍射。 这允许分散激光，消除广域激光器的丝状多模操作。 在一个实施例中，光栅反射器将光耦合在光腔的单个横模式波导部分与不与单模波导共线的第二宽区域部分之间耦合。 在另一个实施例中，空腔有利于环形振荡模式。 一个或多个光栅反射器形成反馈机构的一部分，其形成具有非共线部分的谐振光腔。 反馈机构中的其他反射器包括可以被切割或离子研磨的面反射器，或半导体材料的折射率边界。 具有两个或更多个光栅反射器的激光器实施例可以被独立地调谐以提供高的幅度调制率。 还实现了空间光束偏转和波长调谐。 还描述了稳定的单向环形激光器。 多环激光腔也可以通过部分反射光栅反射器耦合在一起形成激光阵列。
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