公开(公告)号：US20120305059A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-06

申请号：US13223187

申请日：2011-08-31

申请人： Brendan M. KAYES ,  Sylvia SPRYUTTE ,  Gregg HIGASHI ,  Melissa J. ARCHER ,  Thomas J. GMITTER ,  Gang HE ,  Isik C. KIZILYALLI ,  Hui NIE

发明人： Brendan M. KAYES ,  Sylvia SPRYUTTE ,  Gregg HIGASHI ,  Melissa J. ARCHER ,  Thomas J. GMITTER ,  Gang HE ,  Isik C. KIZILYALLI ,  Hui NIE

IPC分类号： H01L31/06 ,  H01L31/0232

CPC分类号： H01L31/065 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y02P70/521

摘要： An optoelectronic semiconductor device includes an absorber layer made of a direct bandgap semiconductor and having only one type of doping. An emitter layer is located closer than the absorber layer to a back side of the device, the emitter layer made of a different material than the absorber layer and having a higher bandgap than the absorber layer. A heterojunction is formed between the emitter layer and the absorber layer, and a p-n junction is formed between the emitter layer and the absorber layer at a location offset from the heterojunction. The p-n junction causes a voltage to be generated in the device in response to the device being exposed to light at a front side of the device. The device also includes an n-metal contact disposed on a front side of the device and a p-metal contact disposed on the back side of the device.

摘要翻译： 光电子半导体器件包括由直接带隙半导体制成并且仅具有一种掺杂类型的吸收层。 发射极层位于比器件的背面靠近吸收体层，发射极层由与吸收层不同的材料制成并具有比吸收层更高的带隙。 在发射极层和吸收层之间形成异质结，并且在偏离异质结的位置处在发射极层和吸收体层之间形成p-n结。 p-n结导致器件响应于器件暴露于器件正面的光而产生电压。 该装置还包括设置在装置的前侧上的n型金属触点和设置在该装置背面的p型金属触点。

公开(公告)号：US20120015163A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-19

申请号：US13012741

申请日：2011-01-24

申请人： Gang HE ,  Thomas J. GMITTER ,  Melissa ARCHER

发明人： Gang HE ,  Thomas J. GMITTER ,  Melissa ARCHER

IPC分类号： B32B7/02 ,  B05D3/00 ,  B05D5/10 ,  B32B15/04

CPC分类号： H01L21/6835 ,  H01L21/7806 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/1892 ,  H01L2221/6835 ,  H01L2221/68363 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y10T428/24942 ,  Y10T428/31678

摘要： Present embodiments generally relate to support structures for thin film components and methods for fabricating the support structures. In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a device structure including portions of an electronic device; a support structure coupled to the device structure; wherein the support structure supplements features of the device structure and the support structure includes: a metal component coupled to the device structure; and a non-metal component coupled to the metal component. The support component can supplement structural and mechanical integrity of the device structure and functional operations of the device structure. In one embodiment, the metal component includes at least one layer of metal material and the non-metal component includes at least one layer of non metal material (e.g., polymeric material, etc.). The metal component can have greater stiffness characteristics with respect to the device structure and the non-metal component can have greater flexibility characteristics with respect to the metal layer component. The support structure can be configured to reflect light towards the device structure. The support structure can also be configured to conduct electricity from the device structure.

摘要翻译： 现有实施例一般涉及用于薄膜部件的支撑结构和用于制造支撑结构的方法。 在一个实施例中，一种设备包括包括电子设备的部分的设备结构; 耦合到所述装置结构的支撑结构; 其中所述支撑结构补充所述装置结构的特征，并且所述支撑结构包括：联接到所述装置结构的金属部件; 以及耦合到所述金属部件的非金属部件。 支撑部件可以补充装置结构的结构和机械完整性以及装置结构的功能操作。 在一个实施例中，金属部件包括至少一层金属材料，非金属部件包括至少一层非金属材料（例如，聚合材料等）。 金属部件相对于器件结构可以具有更大的刚度特性，并且非金属部件可以相对于金属层部件具有更大的柔性特性。 支撑结构可以被配置为将光反射到装置结构。 支撑结构也可以被配置成从设备结构传导电力。

公开(公告)号：US20100126570A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-27

申请号：US12605129

申请日：2009-10-23

申请人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

发明人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

IPC分类号： H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/18

CPC分类号： H01L31/0735 ,  Y02E10/544

摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for converting electromagnetic radiation, such as solar energy, into electric energy with increased efficiency when compared to conventional solar cells. In one embodiment of a photovoltaic (PV) device, the PV device generally includes an n-doped layer and a p+-doped layer adjacent to the n-doped layer to form a p-n layer such that electric energy is created when electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by the p-n layer. The n-doped layer and the p+-doped layer may compose an absorber layer having a thickness less than 500 nm. Such a thin absorber layer may allow for greater efficiency and flexibility in PV devices when compared to conventional solar cells.

摘要翻译： 提供了与常规太阳能电池相比，用于将诸如太阳能的电磁辐射转换成电能的方法和装置，其效率提高。 在光伏（PV）器件的一个实施例中，PV器件通常包括与n掺杂层相邻的n掺杂层和p +掺杂层以形成pn层，使得当电磁辐射被吸收时产生电能 由pn层。 n掺杂层和p +掺杂层可以组成厚度小于500nm的吸收层。 与常规太阳能电池相比，这种薄的吸收层可以在PV器件中实现更高的效率和灵活性。

公开(公告)号：US10259206B2

公开(公告)日：2019-04-16

申请号：US13039307

申请日：2011-03-02

申请人： Brian Brown ,  Brian Burrows ,  David Berkstressor ,  Gang He ,  Thomas J Gmitter

发明人： Brian Brown ,  Brian Burrows ,  David Berkstressor ,  Gang He ,  Thomas J Gmitter

IPC分类号： B32B38/10 ,  B32B37/14 ,  B32B43/00 ,  H01L21/67 ,  H01L21/677 ,  H01L21/78 ,  H01L31/18

摘要： Epitaxial lift off systems and methods are presented. In one embodiment a tape is disposed on the opposite side of the epitaxial material than the substrate is used to hold the epitaxial material during the etching and removal steps of the ELO process. In various embodiments, the apparatus for removing the ELO film from the substrates without damaging the ELO film may include an etchant reservoir, substrate handling and tape handling mechanisms, including mechanisms to manipulate (e.g., cause tension, peel, widen the etch gap, etc.) the lift off component during the lift off process.

公开(公告)号：US08937244B2

公开(公告)日：2015-01-20

申请号：US12605108

申请日：2009-10-23

申请人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

发明人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

IPC分类号： H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/0735

CPC分类号： H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/022441 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/065 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  H01L31/0693 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/544

摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for converting electromagnetic radiation, such as solar energy, into electric energy with increased efficiency when compared to conventional solar cells. A photovoltaic (PV) unit, according to embodiments of the invention, may have a very thin absorber layer produced by epitaxial lift-off (ELO), all electrical contacts positioned on the back side of the PV device to avoid shadowing, and/or front side and back side light trapping employing a diffuser and a reflector to increase absorption of the photons impinging on the front side of the PV unit. Several PV units may be combined into PV banks, and an array of PV banks may be connected to form a PV module with thin strips of metal or conductive polymer applied at low temperature. Such innovations may allow for greater efficiency and flexibility in PV devices when compared to conventional solar cells.

摘要翻译： 提供了与常规太阳能电池相比，用于将诸如太阳能的电磁辐射转换成电能的方法和装置，其效率提高。 根据本发明的实施例的光伏（PV）单元可以具有通过外延剥离（ELO）制造的非常薄的吸收层，所有电触点位于PV装置的背面以避免阴影，和/或 使用扩散器和反射器的前侧和后侧光捕获以增加入射到PV单元的前侧的光子的吸收。 可以将多个PV单元组合成PV组，并且可以将PV组阵列连接以形成具有在低温下施加的薄金属或导电聚合物的PV模块。 与常规太阳能电池相比，这样的创新可以允许PV装置的更高的效率和灵活性。

公开(公告)号：US20110048532A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-03

申请号：US12940876

申请日：2010-11-05

申请人： Isik C. KIZILYALLI ,  Melissa ARCHER ,  Harry ATWATER ,  Thomas J. GMITTER ,  Gang HE ,  Andreas HEGEDUS ,  Gregg HIGASHI

发明人： Isik C. KIZILYALLI ,  Melissa ARCHER ,  Harry ATWATER ,  Thomas J. GMITTER ,  Gang HE ,  Andreas HEGEDUS ,  Gregg HIGASHI

IPC分类号： H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/0232

CPC分类号： H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/022441 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/065 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  H01L31/0693 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/544

摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for converting electromagnetic radiation, such as solar energy, into electric energy with increased efficiency when compared to conventional solar cells. A photovoltaic (PV) unit, according to embodiments of the invention, may have a very thin absorber layer produced by epitaxial lift-off (ELO), all electrical contacts positioned on the back side of the PV device to avoid shadowing, and/or front side and back side light trapping employing a diffuser and a reflector to increase absorption of the photons impinging on the front side of the PV unit. Several PV units may be combined into PV banks, and an array of PV banks may be connected to form a PV module with thin strips of metal or conductive polymer applied at low temperature. Such innovations may allow for greater efficiency and flexibility in PV devices when compared to conventional solar cells.

摘要翻译： 提供了与常规太阳能电池相比，用于将诸如太阳能的电磁辐射转换成电能的方法和装置，其效率提高。 根据本发明的实施例的光伏（PV）单元可以具有通过外延剥离（ELO）制造的非常薄的吸收层，所有电触点位于PV装置的背面以避免阴影，和/或 使用扩散器和反射器的前侧和后侧光捕获以增加入射到PV单元的前侧的光子的吸收。 可以将多个PV单元组合成PV组，并且可以将PV组阵列连接以形成具有在低温下施加的薄金属或导电聚合物的PV模块。 与常规太阳能电池相比，这样的创新可以允许PV装置的更高的效率和灵活性。

公开(公告)号：US5201996A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-13

申请号：US516173

申请日：1990-04-30

申请人： Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Eli Yablonovitch

发明人： Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Eli Yablonovitch

IPC分类号： H01L21/302 ,  H01L21/20 ,  H01L21/306

CPC分类号： H01L21/02546 ,  H01L21/02395 ,  H01L21/02463

摘要： In the fabrication of microelectronic, optoelectronic, and photonic devices, methods are being used which involve selective processing of material in the presence of a patterned mask layer; for example, such processing may involve etching. Typically, mask layer material is chosen on the basis of response to suitable radiation, allowing for patterning by selective irradiation followed by selective removal of mask layer material. However, in so-called epitaxial lift-off processing, material to be processed may be covered with a support layer of a material which is selected in view of desired mechanical and thermal properties, and which is not amenable to patterning by radiation. A method is described which provides for patterning of such layer by heated mechanical means such as a heated stylus or roller.

摘要翻译： 在微电子，光电子和光子器件的制造中，正在使用涉及在存在图案化掩模层的情况下选择性地处理材料的方法; 例如，这种处理可能涉及蚀刻。 通常，掩模层材料是基于对合适辐射的响应来选择的，允许通过选择性辐射进行图案化，然后选择性地去除掩模层材料。 然而，在所谓的外延剥离处理中，待处理的材料可以被覆盖有材料的支撑层，该材料是根据期望的机械和热性质而选择的，并且不适于通过辐射进行图案化。 描述了一种方法，其通过加热的机械装置（例如加热的触针或辊）提供对该层的图案化。

公开(公告)号：US4883561A

公开(公告)日：1989-11-28

申请号：US279217

申请日：1988-12-05

申请人： Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Eli Yablonovitch

发明人： Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Eli Yablonovitch

IPC分类号： B32B43/00 ,  C30B25/02 ,  C30B25/18 ,  H01L21/20 ,  H01L21/306 ,  H01L21/60

CPC分类号： B32B43/00 ,  C30B25/02 ,  C30B25/18 ,  C30B29/42 ,  C30B29/68 ,  H01L24/24 ,  H01L24/82 ,  H01L2224/24011 ,  H01L2224/45144 ,  H01L2224/48137 ,  H01L2224/48464 ,  H01L2224/83894 ,  H01L2924/01005 ,  H01L2924/01006 ,  H01L2924/01013 ,  H01L2924/01015 ,  H01L2924/01019 ,  H01L2924/01023 ,  H01L2924/01024 ,  H01L2924/0103 ,  H01L2924/01032 ,  H01L2924/01033 ,  H01L2924/01039 ,  H01L2924/01072 ,  H01L2924/01074 ,  H01L2924/01075 ,  H01L2924/01078 ,  H01L2924/01079 ,  H01L2924/10253 ,  H01L2924/10329 ,  H01L2924/10336 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12042 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  H01L2924/3511 ,  Y10S117/915

摘要： A method for removing an epitaxial film from a single crystal substrate upon which it is grown and adhering the films to second substrate and the resultant structure. The removing method comprises (a) providing a thin release layer (.ltoreq.100 nm) between the film to be grown and the single crystal substrate; (b) growing the epitaxial film; (c) applying a polymeric support layer which is under tension over the film; and (d) selectively etching the release layer, the tension in the support layer causing the edges of the film to curve upwardly as the release layer is etched away. The adhering method uses either adhesives or relies solely on Van der Waals bonding between the epitaxial film and the second substrate.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从其生长的单晶基板上去除外延膜的方法，并将膜粘附到第二基板和所得结构。 去除方法包括（a）在待生长的膜和单晶衬底之间提供薄的剥离层（

公开(公告)号：US09029687B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-12

申请号：US12605151

申请日：2009-10-23

申请人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

发明人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

IPC分类号： H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  H01L31/18

CPC分类号： H01L31/022458 ,  H01L31/02167 ,  H01L31/022425 ,  H01L31/022441 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  H01L31/184 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  H01L31/1852 ,  H01L31/1892 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y02P70/521

摘要： Methods and apparatus for converting electromagnetic radiation, such as solar energy, into electric energy with increased efficiency when compared to conventional solar cells are provided. A photovoltaic (PV) device generally includes a window layer; an absorber layer disposed below the window layer such that electrons are generated when photons travel through the window layer and are absorbed by the absorber layer; and a plurality of contacts for external connection coupled to the absorber layer, such that all of the contacts for external connection are disposed below the absorber layer and do not block any of the photons from reaching the absorber layer through the window layer. Locating all the contacts on the back side of the PV device avoids solar shadows caused by front side contacts, typically found in conventional solar cells. Therefore, PV devices described herein with back side contacts may allow for increased efficiency when compared to conventional solar cells.

摘要翻译： 提供了与常规太阳能电池相比，用于将电磁辐射如太阳能转换成电能的方法和装置，其效率提高。 光伏（PV）装置通常包括窗口层; 设置在窗口层下方的吸收层，使得当光子穿过窗口层并被吸收层吸收时，产生电子; 以及多个用于连接到吸收层的外部连接的触点，使得用于外部连接的所有触点都设置在吸收层下方，并且不阻挡任何光子通过窗口层到达吸收层。 定位PV设备背面的所有触点避免了由常规太阳能电池中常见的前端触点引起的太阳阴影。 因此，与传统的太阳能电池相比，具有背面接触的本文描述的PV器件可以提高效率。

公开(公告)号：US08895845B2

公开(公告)日：2014-11-25

申请号：US12940861

申请日：2010-11-05

申请人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

发明人： Isik C. Kizilyalli ,  Melissa Archer ,  Harry Atwater ,  Thomas J. Gmitter ,  Gang He ,  Andreas Hegedus ,  Gregg Higashi

IPC分类号： H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/0735

CPC分类号： H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/022441 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/065 ,  H01L31/0682 ,  H01L31/0693 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/544

摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for converting electromagnetic radiation, such as solar energy, into electric energy with increased efficiency when compared to conventional solar cells. A photovoltaic (PV) unit, according to embodiments of the invention, may have a very thin absorber layer produced by epitaxial lift-off (ELO), all electrical contacts positioned on the back side of the PV device to avoid shadowing, and/or front side and back side light trapping employing a diffuser and a reflector to increase absorption of the photons impinging on the front side of the PV unit. Several PV units may be combined into PV banks, and an array of PV banks may be connected to form a PV module with thin strips of metal or conductive polymer applied at low temperature. Such innovations may allow for greater efficiency and flexibility in PV devices when compared to conventional solar cells.

摘要翻译： 提供了与常规太阳能电池相比，用于将诸如太阳能的电磁辐射转换成电能的方法和装置，其效率提高。 根据本发明的实施例的光伏（PV）单元可以具有通过外延剥离（ELO）制造的非常薄的吸收层，所有电触点位于PV装置的背面以避免阴影，和/或 使用扩散器和反射器的前侧和后侧光捕获以增加入射到PV单元的前侧的光子的吸收。 可以将多个PV单元组合成PV组，并且可以将PV组阵列连接以形成具有在低温下施加的薄金属或导电聚合物的PV模块。 与常规太阳能电池相比，这样的创新可以允许PV装置的更高的效率和灵活性。