摘要:
A process for manufacturing synthesis gas (16) from hydrocarbons, water, free oxygen, and a transfer gas containing steam and carbon oxides. The transfer gas is passed through a succession of essentially adiabatic catalyst beds (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) and the hydrocarbons (9, 10,11) and oxygen (13, 14, 15) are alternately introduced at the input of each catalyst bed. The transfer gas may be prepared by vivid combustion of hydrocarbon or by hydrocarbon steam-reforming.
摘要:
A synthesis gas for methanol production, containing hydrogen and carbon oxides, is obtained by performing, separately, a steam-reforming of hydrocarbons and a hydrocarbon combustion step: the effluents are admixed and the resultant mixture is subjected to steam-reforming.
摘要:
The invention relates to an alkylation process, in which a charge incorporating at least one isoparaffin and at least one olefin containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule, is treated in the presence of a solid alkylation catalyst. In the process, catalyst present in a reaction R is contacted with the charge, recycled liquid effluent discharged from reaction zone R and liquid effluent discharged from an isobutane/n-butane/alkylate separation zone S. The process uses a specific catalyst, e.g., sulfuric acid impregnated on a porous support.
摘要:
A reaction-distillation apparatus is provided comprising at least one reaction-distillation zone including at least one bed of solid elements disposed on a fluid-permeable perforated support having perforations small enough to retain the elements wherein the bed of solid elements includes loose solid catalytic particles and at least one receptacle, containing at least one distillation packing body, the external jacket of which is permeable to fluids and the impermeable to the solid catalytic particles and packing body. The apparatus can be used for carrying out chemical reaction and concomitant fractionation of the reaction mixture, for example, to synthesize ethers from olefins and alcohols.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for catalytic treatment of heavy hydrocarbons, in a fixed or moving bed, over a catalyst containing an alumina carrier and at least one catalytic metal or compound of metal from groups VB, VI B and VIII of the periodic classification of elements, characterized by the direct injection into the charge, continuously or periodically, of at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of halides, oxyhalides, oxides, polyacids and polyacid salts of metals from groups VI B, VII B and VIII, before introducing the charge into the hydrotreatment zone.
摘要:
Hydrocarbon cuts of high olefin content are desulfurized, without substantial loss in octane number, by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a specified non-acidic carried and (b) cobalt and at least one of tungsten and molybdenum, the atomic ratio ##EQU1## being higher than 0.55.
摘要:
Process for upgrading an olefinic C.sub.4 cut issued from a cracking or steam cracking unit, comprising subjecting said cut to isomerization conditions so as to convert at least 80% of its 1-butene content to 2-butenes, subjecting the so-treated C.sub.4 cut to polymerization conditions so as to convert at least 90% of its isobutene content to isobutene dimers and trimers without substantially converting the normal butenes, separating the isobutene dimers and trimers, alkylating the remaining fraction and fractionating the latter to an alkylate, L P G and an isobutane containing fraction.
摘要:
Process for polymerizing olefinic hydrocarbons at a temperature from 0.degree. to 90.degree. C., preferably from 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst containing aluminum oxide and, per part by weight thereof, boron oxide in a proportion of 0.01 to 1, preferably 0.07 to 0.15 part by weight and halogen in a proportion of 0.5 to 20%, preferably 4 to 12%, said catalyst resulting from the reaction of an aluminum compound of formula AlX.sub.y R.sub.(3-y) where X is halogen, R is a hydrocarbon radical and y is selected from 1, 3/2, 2 and 3, with a carrier containing aluminum oxide and boron oxide in a proportion to aluminum oxide from 1 to 100%.
摘要:
Catalyst for a process of hydroreforming or aromatic hydrocarbon production, comprising an alumina carrier, at least one noble metal of the platinum family, antimony, a metal selected from gallium, indium and thallium and halogen, said catalyst being used in a series of successive reaction zones as a moving bed, transferred from one reaction zone to the next, from the last reaction zone to a regeneration zone and from the latter to the first reaction zone, said process being preferably conducted at a temperature from 510.degree. to 600.degree. C. and under a pressure from 1 to 18 kg/cm.sup.2.
摘要:
Process for hydrodealkylating alkylaromatic hydrocarbons using a catalyst comprising at least two metals deposited on a carrier, a first of these two metals being selected either from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, palladium, rhodium, iridium and platinum or from the group consisting of chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and manganese, and the second of these two metals being selected from zinc, cadmium, gallium, indium, thallium, manganese, copper, silver, gold, yttrium, titanium, niobium, tentalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, germanium, tin and lead.