摘要:
The present invention provides a low-cost and highly heat-radiating lighting system and a display apparatus using the same. The lighting system has a plurality of packages, each containing LEDs, lead frames and a transparent sealing material, a heat-radiating substrate and an adhesive layer adapted to bond the packages and the heat-radiating substrate. The lead frames are 0.1 mm or more in thickness. Further, the area of the surfaces of the heat-radiating substrate and the lead frames bonded together via the adhesive layer is 70 mm2 per 1 mm2 area of the LEDs. The display apparatus of the present invention uses the lighting system as the backlight thereof.
摘要:
In an internal combustion engine, an exhaust passage is provided with a NOx storing and decomposing catalyst (20). When burning fuel under a lean air-fuel ratio, the nitrogen monoxide is adsorbed by the NOx storing and decomposing catalyst (20) and disassociated. At this time, the disassociated oxygen is held in the form of oxygen ions O− on the NOx storing and decomposing catalyst (20). By making the air-fuel ratio rich and purging part of these oxygen ions O−, the remaining oxygen ions O− are also purged. Due to this, the NOx purification performance of the NOx storing and decomposing catalyst (20) is restored.
摘要翻译:在内燃机中,排气通道设置有NO x X存储和分解催化剂(20)。 当在稀薄的空燃比下燃烧燃料时,一氧化氮被储存和分解催化剂(20)吸附并脱离。 此时,分离的氧在NO x X存储和分解催化剂(20)上保持为氧离子的形式。 通过使这些氧离子的空燃比富集和清除部分,剩余的氧离子O - 也被清除。 由此,恢复NO x X存储和分解催化剂(20)的NO x x N净化性能。
摘要:
An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an engine having a combustion chamber includes a device that prevents overheating of a particulate filter. The apparatus includes an exhaust passage, a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust passage for removing particulate in exhaust gas exhausted from the combustion chamber by oxidation, and a device for controlling the characteristics of the exhaust gas flowing into the particulate filter. A judgment is made whether the particulate filter will be deteriorated by heat. If yes, the controlling device changes the characteristics of the exhaust gas flowing into the particulate filter to prevent the particulate filter from being deteriorated by heat.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel with a backlight module including a light-emitting diode (LED)-based illumination device is disclosed. The illumination device includes more than one LED of the waveguide type for use as a light source of the backlight. The LCD panel includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal (LC) layer interposed between these substrates, and a polarization plate. Output light of the LED is linearly polarized in advance. A waveguide is arranged for giving off polarized light components from the LED only in a chosen direction to thereby permit incidence in parallel with a polarized light transmission direction of the LCD polarizer plate. The LED is amounted and arranged so that the polarized light transmission direction of the polarizer plate is the same as the polarization direction through an optical system associated therewith.
摘要:
A particulate filter (22) for removing particulates included in an exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber (5) is arranged in an engine exhaust passage. The particulate filter has wall partitions (54) which the exhaust gas can pass through. The particulates included in the exhaust gas are removed by oxidation in the interior of the partitions. The particulates are fluidized in the interior of the partitions.
摘要:
An exhaust gas purification apparatus, for an engine having a combustion chamber, comprising an exhaust passage, a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust passage for removing particulate in exhaust gas exhausted from the combustion chamber by oxidation, and a device for controlling the characteristics of the exhaust gas flowing into the particulate filter, wherein, when the judging means judges that the particulate filter will be deteriorated by heat, the controlling device changes the characteristics of the exhaust gas flowing into the particulate filter to prevent the particulate filter from being deteriorated by heat.
摘要:
The emergency call such as Enhanced 911 call or the like is also originated through an exchange such as PBX (Private Branch Exchange). In this case, the identification information such as the extension number of the extension telephone terminal connected to the PBX should be transmitted to a network corresponding to the emergency call. For the extension telephone terminal, it is necessary to unhook or to capture an arbitrary line by the line key, before inputting the dial data “911”. Independent of the capture of arbitrary line, the PBX searches a vacant line connected to the network corresponding to the emergency call, captures the vacant line, transmits the identification information such as the extension number, and switches over and connects the extension telephone terminal from the line captured by the terminal to the vacant line. The identification information such as the extension number is notified, not by the DTMF (Dual Tone Multi-frequency) signal expressing data corresponding to the number of dial key, but by using a MF (Multi-frequency) signal expressing more data.
摘要:
A reducing agent for use in an internal combustion engine is a mixture of an ammonia-derived solid reducing material and a water-insoluble liquid in which the solid reducing agent is immersed. A reducing-agent supply device is provided for supplying a denitration catalyst with the reducing agent, such that the reducing agent is introduced into a portion of an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine which is upstream of the denitration catalyst.
摘要:
A semiconductor light-emitting device has a pair of leads placed in parallel, a light-emitting element on the upper end of one lead, a bonding wire for electrically connecting the semiconductor light-emitting element of the upper end of another lead, and an envelope formed from a light-transmitting resin for sealing the semiconductor light-emitting element, the bonding wire, and the upper end of the leads, provided with a non-circular lateral cross-sectional surface structure with a long axis and a short axis. In the device, when observed along a direction in which the plurality of light-emitting devices are mounted on a same lead frame, a curvature of the lateral direction of said envelope is smaller than a curvature of the vertical direction of said envelope.
摘要:
An exhaust control valve (24) is arranged in an exhaust pipe (22) of an internal combustion engine. At the time of engine startup and warmup operation, the exhaust control valve (24) is substantially fully closed, the amount of injection of main fuel is increased from the optimum amount of injection at the time when the exhaust control valve is fully opened, auxiliary fuel is additionally injected during the expansion stroke, and thereby the unburned hydrocarbons exhausted into the atmosphere is greatly reduced at the time of engine startup and warmup operation.