Abstract:
A semiconductor device and methods of forming the same are provided. The methods may include forming a hole in a preliminary semiconductor substrate, forming an insulating layer in the hole of the preliminary semiconductor substrate, forming a plating conductive layer on the insulating layer and the preliminary semiconductor substrate, forming a seed metal layer contacting the plating conductive layer at a lower portion of the hole and growing the seed metal layer to form a through-silicon via (TSV). The TSV may be formed through an electroplating process such that the seed metal layer grows from the lower portion of the hole to an upper portion of the hole.
Abstract:
A chip stack package includes a substrate, a plurality of chips, a plurality of adhesive layers and a plug. The substrate has a wiring pattern and a seed layer formed on the wiring pattern. Each of the chips has an electrode pad and a first through-hole that penetrates the electrode pad. The chips are stacked such that the first through-holes are aligned on the seed layer of the substrate. The adhesive layers are interposed between the substrate and one of the chips, as well as between the chips. Each of the adhesive layers has a second through-hole connected to the first through-hole. The plug fills up the first through-holes and the second through-holes and electrically connects the electrode pads to the wiring pattern of the substrate. A cross-sectional area of the plug in the second through-holes may be larger than that of the plug in the first through-holes.
Abstract:
A chip stack package includes a substrate, a plurality of chips, a plurality of adhesive layers and a plug. The substrate has a wiring pattern and a seed layer formed on the wiring pattern. Each of the chips has an electrode pad and a first through-hole that penetrates the electrode pad. The chips are stacked such that the first through-holes are aligned on the seed layer of the substrate. The adhesive layers are interposed between the substrate and one of the chips, as well as between the chips. Each of the adhesive layers has a second through-hole connected to the first through-hole. The plug fills up the first through-holes and the second through-holes and electrically connects the electrode pads to the wiring pattern of the substrate. A cross-sectional area of the plug in the second through-holes may be larger than that of the plug in the first through-holes.
Abstract:
A stacked semiconductor package may include: a substrate; semiconductor packages stacked on the substrate; an interconnection member formed on edges of the semiconductor packages; and a conductive reinforcement member formed on the interconnection member. Each of the semiconductor packages may include a conductive line. The interconnection member may electrically connect the conductive line of the semiconductor packages to the conductive line of at least one other semiconductor package. A method of manufacturing a stacked semiconductor package may include: forming semiconductor packages; stacking the semiconductor packages on a substrate; forming a mask pattern on the semiconductor packages and the substrate to expose the edges of the semiconductor packages; performing an electroless plating process on the edges of the semiconductor packages to form a seed layer; and performing an electroplating process on the seed layer to form an interconnection member for electrically connecting the conductive lines to each other.
Abstract:
Semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same, including forming a chip pad on a chip substrate, forming a passivation layer on the chip pad and the chip substrate, forming a first insulation layer on the passivation layer, forming a recess and a first opening in the first insulation layer, forming a second opening in the passivation layer to correspond to the first opening, forming a redistribution line in a redistribution line area of the recess, the first opening, and the second opening, forming a second insulation layer on the redistribution line and the first insulation layer, and forming an opening in the second insulation to expose a portion of the redistribution line as a redistribution pad.
Abstract:
Semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same, including forming a chip pad on a chip substrate, forming a passivation layer on the chip pad and the chip substrate, forming a first insulation layer on the passivation layer, forming a recess and a first opening in the first insulation layer, forming a second opening in the passivation layer to correspond to the first opening, forming a redistribution line in a redistribution line area of the recess, the first opening, and the second opening, forming a second insulation layer on the redistribution line and the first insulation layer, and forming an opening in the second insulation to expose a portion of the redistribution line as a redistribution pad.
Abstract:
The object of this invention is to provide a steel cord, which has ultrafine steel filaments with a diameter of 0.04-0.14 mm stranded with each other so as to reinforce a tire carcass, and a radial tire for a passenger car using the same. The steel cord includes one core filament with a diameter of 0.04-0.14 mm and 4-7 sheath filaments, each having a diameter of 0.04-0.14 mm, spirally stranded around the core filament. At this time, the steel cord has a diameter of 0.2-0.5 mm and shear strength of 25-35 kgf. Additionally, each of the sheath filaments has a smaller diameter than the core filament, and the core filament and the sheath filaments are made of the steel filaments. The radial tire includes the tire carcass provided with the steel cord and a topping sheet, and the steel cord is embedded in the topping sheet such that a rubber gauge ratio is 200-500% and a rubber clearance ratio is 60-250%. The steel cord has improved physical properties, such as shear strength and durability, to reduce a thickness of a carcass including the steel cord, leading to the reduction of a weight of the radial tire. Furthermore, controlling stability and durability of the radial tire are improved, thereby reducing costs of maintenance of the passenger car.
Abstract:
A scanned image generating device, including a shading data calculation part to calculate shading data by scanning a white sheet, an average calculation part to calculate an average between an object pixel and neighboring pixels of the object pixel based on the shading data calculated by the shading data calculation part, a comparison part to compare a value of the object pixel, calculated by the shading data calculation part, to the average of values of the neighboring pixels, calculated by the average calculation part, an adjustable processing part to adjust the object pixel value calculated by the average calculation part, according to a result of comparison of the comparison part, and a filtering post-processing part such that the object pixel value adjusted by the adjustable processing part gradually changes with respect to the values of the neighboring pixels. Accordingly, the scanned image generating device may restrain influences of contamination such as dust or foreign substances occurring on a certain spot of a line, thereby enabling a high-quality image to be produced.
Abstract:
An image acquiring apparatus includes: an image sensor which senses light reflected from an object to be read, and which detects an analog pixel value corresponding to the sensed reflected light; and a compensator which compensates the analog pixel value in its analog form for removing a background of the object contemporaneously as the object is being read in line(s).
Abstract:
The frequency and power of transmissions in a mobile communication system, such as an air-to-ground telephony system, are stabilized without a priori knowledge of the system gain factors or frequency references. The ground station monitors the available channels and modifies a vacant channel broadcast message to provide information that the channel is available. In this way, the air terminals have knowledge of all available channels. The ground station transmits a pilot signal. Upon request by a user for a dial tone at the air terminal, the air terminal selects a vacant channel and scans for the pilot signal. The air terminal estimates a distance to the ground station and sets a power level of a seizing transmission based on the estimated distance. The air terminal also estimates a Doppler frequency shift of the selected channel due to the relative movement of the air terminal with respect to the ground station and sets a frequency of the seizing transmission based on the estimated Doppler frequency shift. The air terminal then transmits a channel seizing signal at a reduced bandwidth less than a full normal bandwidth to the ground station at the set level and frequency. The ground station measures the level and frequency of the seizing signal and transmits to the air terminal information acknowledging the seizure of the selected channel and reporting the level and frequency of the seizing signal. The air terminal corrects the transmitted level and frequency and then switches the transmission bandwidth to the full normal bandwidth at the corrected level.