摘要:
In response to the occurrence of knocking in an internal combustion engine, the basic ignition timing is corrected in a direction to retard it through the charging and discharging of an integrator circuit. The integrated current output of the integrator circuit is varied in accordance with a voltage corresponding to the speed of the engine so as to limit the maximum amount of ignition timing retard at low speeds or high speeds of the engine.
摘要:
An ignition timing control system for an internal combustion engine includes a knocking reference level generator having an operational amplifier. The operational amplifier receives at its inverting terminal a filtered knock signal and produces a half-wave signal through a diode. The half-wave output signal of the diode is fed back to the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier through a feedback parallel circuit of a resistor and a capacitor.
摘要:
A crankshaft rotational reference position detecting apparatus is adapted for use with ignition timing control systems for internal combustion engines. The apparatus comprises a rotor disk fixedly mounted on the crankshaft of an engine and having rotational angle information indicating slits and a rotational reference position indicating mark which are formed along the periphery thereof, a first sensor for detecting each rotational angle information indicating slit and generating a first pulse signal corresponding thereto, the first sensor producing no first pulse signal when a rotational reference position is detected, a second sensor located at a position displaced from the first sensor in a desired rotational direction and adapted to generate a second pulse signal delayed in phase from the first pulse signal, a storage device responsive to the second pulse signals to store the output level of the first sensor, and a detection circuit responsive to a change in the output of the storage device which is indicative of the detection of the rotational reference position by the first sensor so as to generate a reference position detection pulse. In the event that the rotor disk is rotated in the reverse direction, the detection of the rotational reference position does not result in the generation of any reference position detection pulse.
摘要:
In a method and apparatus for controlling a combustion engine, a digital computer repetitively and sequentially calculates first and second values corresponding to the proper settings or actuation of first and second control devices that are used to control the combustion of the air-fuel mixture, by sensing changes in the operating conditions of the engine, the computer being programmed to calculate such first and second values from a first fuction describing a desired relationship between the condition of the engine and the setting of the first control device and from a second function describing another desired relationship between the condition of the engine and the setting of the second control device. An interrupt controller is provided to receive pulses which are synchronized with the rotational speed of the engine (hereinafter: synchronized pulse or pulses) and at least one clock pulse in a predetermined time interval so as to initially calculate the first value in the computer upon receiving a synchronized pulse even during the calculation of the second value, and subsequently calculate the second value after completion of the calculation of the first value.
摘要:
A rotational position detecting apparatus for use in spark ignition control systems for internal combustion engines. A plurality of angular informations are provided circularly on a rotatable disk except at the predetermined reference angular position of said rotatable disk. Two of the angular informations provided beside the reference angular position are spaced twice as wide as a predetermined angular interval between other two of the angular informations. A first and second signal generators spaced integer times as wide as the predetermined angular interval from each other are associated with the rotatable disk for generating respective a.c. output signals in response to the passing of each of said angular informations. The a.c. output signals of the first and second signal generators are applied to an electric circuit which subtracts one of the a.c. output signals from the other of the a.c. output signals and shapes the subtraction resultant signal into a pulse signal.
摘要翻译:一种用于内燃机的火花点火控制系统的旋转位置检测装置。 多个角度信息循环地设置在可转动盘上,除了所述可旋转盘的预定基准角位置之外。 在参考角位置旁边提供的角度信息中的两个与其他两个角度信息之间的预定角度间隔相隔两倍。 与可转动盘相关联的第一和第二信号发生器与整个预定角度间隔相等的整数倍相关联,以产生相应的直流。 响应于每个所述角度信息的通过而输出信号。 a.c. 第一和第二信号发生器的输出信号被施加到电路中,该电路减去一个直流。 来自另一个交流的输出信号。 输出信号并将减法结果信号形成为脉冲信号。
摘要:
In a nest MZI modulator in which each arm includes a child MZI, the power consumption is reduced. The hybrid integrated-type nest MZI modulator of the embodiment 1a is configured so that, instead of placing a relative phase adjusting section in a parent MZI, a bias electrode Bias 90° in which an electric field is applied in the same direction to the polarization direction in both of the upper and lower arms is placed in each child MZI (see FIG. 4B). The bias electrode Bias 90° provided in each child MZI constitute the entirety of a relative phase adjusting section. The optical signals are subjected to a phase change after the output from the child MZI (see FIG. 1A), because such relative phase adjusting section can subject the optical signals of the upper and lower arms of the child MZI to a shift change in the same direction, respectively.
摘要:
A charging device has an AC power supply input part that rectifies an AC voltage, a power factor correction part that converts a rectified voltage outputted from the AC power supply input part into a DC intermediate voltage, a power conversion part that converts the intermediate voltage outputted from the power factor correction part into a charge voltage, and supplies the charge voltage to a secondary battery, an input voltage acquisition unit that acquires the rectified voltage outputted from the AC power supply input part, an output voltage acquisition unit that acquires the charge voltage outputted from the power conversion part, and a storage part in which the rectified voltage, the charge voltage, and a target intermediate voltage correlated with the rectified voltage and charge voltage are stored.
摘要:
A vehicle power-supply control device has a battery charger that converts an externally-supplied AC voltage into a DC voltage used to charge a vehicle high-voltage battery, a low-voltage power generator that converts the DC voltage output from the battery charger into a DC voltage used to drive a vehicle auxiliary machine, and a controller that controls the battery charger and the low-voltage power generator. The battery charger includes a power factor correction circuit that corrects a power factor of the AC voltage and a first DC/DC converter that generates a predetermined DC voltage based on an output of the power factor correction circuit. The low-voltage power generator includes a second DC/DC converter that steps down the DC voltage output from the battery charger and a synchronous rectifier that rectifies an output of the second DC/DC converter in synchronization with a switching operation of the second DC/DC converter.
摘要:
The present invention provides a semiconductor-device copper-alloy bonding wire which has an inexpensive material cost, ensures a superior ball joining shape, wire joining characteristic, and the like, and a good loop formation characteristic, and a superior mass productivity. The semiconductor-device copper-alloy bonding wire contains at least one of Mg and P in total of 10 to 700 mass ppm, and oxygen within a range from 6 to 30 mass ppm.
摘要:
A bonding wire for semiconductor devices includes a core member formed of an electrically-conductive metal, and a skin layer mainly composed of a face-centered cubic metal different from the core member and formed thereon. An orientation ratio of orientations in crystalline orientations in a wire lengthwise direction at a crystal face of a surface of the skin layer is greater than or equal to 50%, and the orientations have an angular difference relative to the wire lengthwise direction. The angular difference is within 15 degrees.