Electrically pumped long-wavelength VCSEL and methods of fabrication
    1.
    发明授权
    Electrically pumped long-wavelength VCSEL and methods of fabrication 失效
    电泵浦长波长VCSEL和制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US06489175B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-12-03

    申请号:US10026846

    申请日:2001-12-18

    IPC分类号: H01L2100

    摘要: A method of fabricating a vertical cavity surface emitting laser comprising the steps of epitaxially growing a first DBR positioned on a substrate wherein the first DBR is epitaxially grown using MOCVD. The substrate is orientated in an off-axis crystallographic direction which increases the radiative efficiency. A first cladding layer is positioned on the first DBR and an active region is epitaxially grown on the first cladding layer wherein the active region is epitaxially grown using plasma assisted MBE. A second DBR is epitaxially grown on the second cladding layer wherein the second DBR is epitaxially grown using MOCVD. The active region is epitaxially grown using plasma assisted MBE to increase the mole fraction of nitrogen (N) incorporation. The DBR's are grown using MOCVD to improve the electrical performance.

    摘要翻译: 一种制造垂直腔表面发射激光器的方法,包括以下步骤:外延生长位于衬底上的第一DBR,其中使用MOCVD外延生长第一DBR。 基板在偏轴结晶方向取向,这提高了辐射效率。 第一覆层位于第一DBR上,并且在第一覆层上外延生长有源区,其中使用等离子体辅助MBE外延生长有源区。 在第二覆层上外延生长第二DBR,其中使用MOCVD外延生长第二DBR。 使用等离子体辅助MBE外延生长活性区域以增加氮(N)掺入的摩尔分数。 使用MOCVD生长DBR以提高电气性能。

    Semiconductor lasers
    4.
    发明授权
    Semiconductor lasers 失效
    半导体激光器

    公开(公告)号:US06556610B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-04-29

    申请号:US09834521

    申请日:2001-04-12

    IPC分类号: H01S3094

    摘要: Semiconductor lasers are formed by integrating an electrically pumped semiconductor laser, a beam steering element and a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) together. The electrically pumped semiconductor laser is modulated to modulate a pump beam of photons at a first wavelength. The beam steering element directs the pump beam to the VCSEL to provide optical pumping. The VCSEL receives the pump beam of photons at the first wavelength and is stimulated to emit photons of a laser beam at a second wavelength longer than the first. In embodiments, index guiding is provided in the VCSEL to improve the optical pumping and emission efficiencies when the pump beam is modulated at high frequencies. Embodiments of the beam steering element include a silicon bench, a polymer element, and a facet included in the edge emitting laser and an external mirror. Embodiments of index guiding include an air gap to form a mesa and an oxide confinement ring shaped layer.

    摘要翻译: 通过将电泵浦半导体激光器,光束操纵元件和垂直腔表面发射激光器(VCSEL)集成在一起来形成半导体激光器。 调制电泵浦的半导体激光器以调制第一波长的光束的泵浦光束。 光束操纵元件将泵浦光束引导到VCSEL以提供光泵浦。 VCSEL接收第一波长的光子束,并被激发以比第一波长长的第二波长发射激光束的光子。 在实施例中,在VCSEL中提供索引引导以在泵浦光束以高频调制时提高光泵浦和发射效率。 光束操纵元件的实施例包括硅台架,聚合物元件和包括在边缘发射激光器中的小面和外部反射镜。 折射率引导的实施例包括形成台面的气隙和氧化物限制环形层。

    Two-terminal switching devices and their methods of fabrication
    6.
    发明授权
    Two-terminal switching devices and their methods of fabrication 有权
    两端开关器件及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US08193594B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-06-05

    申请号:US13015013

    申请日:2011-01-27

    IPC分类号: H01L21/00 H01L47/00 H01L29/04

    摘要: Two-terminal switching devices characterized by high on/off current ratios and by high breakdown voltage are provided. These devices can be employed as switches in the driving circuits of active matrix displays, e.g., in electrophoretic, rotating element and liquid crystal displays. The switching devices include two electrodes, and a layer of a broad band semiconducting material residing between the electrodes. According to one example, the cathode comprises a metal having a low work function, the anode comprises an organic material having a p+ or p++ type of conductivity, and the broad band semiconductor comprises a metal oxide. The work function difference between the cathode and the anode material is preferably at least about 0.6 eV. The on/off current ratios of at least 10,000 over a voltage range of about 15 V can be achieved. The devices can be formed, if desired, on flexible polymeric substrates having low melting points.

    摘要翻译: 提供了具有高导通/截止电流比和高击穿电压特性的两端开关器件。 这些器件可以用作有源矩阵显示器的驱动电路中的开关,例如在电泳,旋转元件和液晶显示器中。 开关器件包括两个电极和位于电极之间的宽带半导体材料层。 根据一个示例,阴极包括具有低功函数的金属,阳极包括具有p +或p ++类型的导电性的有机材料,并且宽带半导体包括金属氧化物。 阴极和阳极材料之间的功函数差异优选为至少约0.6eV。 可以实现在约15V的电压范围内的至少10,000的开/关电流比。 如果需要,可以在具有低熔点的柔性聚合物基材上形成装置。

    LASER ANNEALING OF METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORON TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE SUBSTRATE FORMATIONS
    7.
    发明申请
    LASER ANNEALING OF METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORON TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE SUBSTRATE FORMATIONS 审中-公开
    金属氧化物半导体温度敏感基板的激光退火

    公开(公告)号:US20090289301A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-11-26

    申请号:US12124420

    申请日:2008-05-21

    摘要: A method of annealing a metal oxide on a temperature sensitive substrate formation includes the steps of providing a temperature sensitive substrate formation and forming a spacer layer on a surface of the temperature sensitive substrate formation. A metal oxide semiconductor device is formed on the spacer layer, the device includes at least a layer of metal oxide semiconductor material, an interface of the metal oxide layer with a dielectric layer, and a gate metal layer adjacent the layer of metal oxide semiconductor material and the interface. The method then includes the step of at least partially annealing the layer of metal oxide semiconductor material by heating the adjacent gate metal layer with pulses of infra red or visible light radiation.

    摘要翻译: 在温度敏感的基板形成上退火金属氧化物的方法包括以下步骤:在温度敏感的基板形成的表面上形成温度敏感的基板并形成间隔层。 金属氧化物半导体器件形成在间隔层上,该器件至少包括一层金属氧化物半导体材料,金属氧化物层与电介质层的界面,以及与金属氧化物半导体材料层相邻的栅极金属层 和界面。 该方法然后包括通过用红外或可见光辐射的脉冲加热相邻栅极金属层来至少部分地退火金属氧化物半导体材料层的步骤。

    High speed implanted VCSEL
    8.
    发明授权
    High speed implanted VCSEL 有权
    高速植入VCSEL

    公开(公告)号:US06906353B1

    公开(公告)日:2005-06-14

    申请号:US10715165

    申请日:2003-11-17

    摘要: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes a first mirror region forming a first distributed Bragg reflector, a first cladding region, an active region, a second cladding region including a high electrical resistance implanted region positioned to define a current path, a second mirror region, and a current spreading region. A first electrical contact is positioned on the current spreading region and a second electrical contact is positioned to conduct electrical current in circuit with the first electrical contact through the current path. The current spreading region and the second mirror region cooperate to produce substantially uniform current distribution in the current path. A third mirror region is positioned on the current spreading region. The second and third mirror regions cooperate to provide a complete distributed Bragg reflector.

    摘要翻译: 垂直腔表面发射激光器包括形成第一分布布拉格反射器的第一反射镜区域,第一包层区域,有源区域,包括定位成限定电流路径的高电阻注入区域的第二包层区域,第二镜像区域, 和电流扩展区域。 第一电触头位于电流扩展区上,并且第二电触点被定位成使电流通过电流路径与第一电触头相通。 电流扩散区域和第二反射镜区域协作以在电流路径中产生基本均匀的电流分布。 第三反射镜区域位于电流扩展区域上。 第二和第三镜面区域配合以提供完整的布拉格反射器。

    Method for p-doping of a light-emitting device
    9.
    发明授权
    Method for p-doping of a light-emitting device 失效
    发光装置的p掺杂方法

    公开(公告)号:US5547898A

    公开(公告)日:1996-08-20

    申请号:US529468

    申请日:1995-09-18

    CPC分类号: H01S5/3054 H01S5/18361

    摘要: A method for controlling carbon doping levels in a Distributed Bragg Reflectors (DBRs) for a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSELs) devices is provided. A first stack of mirrors (105) is deposited on the surface (101) of the substrate (102). A first cladding region (106) is deposited on the first stack of mirrors (105). An active layer (108) is deposited on the first cladding layer (106). A second cladding layer (109) is deposited on the active layer (108). A second stack of mirrors (111) is deposited on the second cladding layer (109) having a carbon doping level controlled by ratio of Group V containing organometallic (tertiarybutylarsine) to Group III organometallics (trimethylgallium and trimethylaluminum).

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种用于控制用于垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL))的分布式布拉格反射器(DBR)中的碳掺杂水平的方法。 在衬底(102)的表面(101)上沉积第一叠反射镜(105)。 第一包层区域(106)沉积在第一反射镜叠层(105)上。 有源层(108)沉积在第一覆层(106)上。 第二覆层(109)沉积在有源层(108)上。 第二堆叠反射镜(111)沉积在具有由含有有机金属(叔丁基胂)至III族有机金属(三甲基镓和三甲基铝)的V族的比例控制的碳掺杂浓度的第二包覆层上。

    Vertical cavity surface emitting laser having continuous grading
    10.
    发明授权
    Vertical cavity surface emitting laser having continuous grading 失效
    具有连续分级的垂直腔表面发射激光

    公开(公告)号:US5530715A

    公开(公告)日:1996-06-25

    申请号:US346559

    申请日:1994-11-29

    IPC分类号: H01S5/00 H01S5/183 H01S3/08

    摘要: A first stack of distributed Bragg mirrors having alternating layers of aluminum gallium arsenide differing in concentrations of an aluminum are disposed on a surface of a substrate with a first plurality of continuous gradient layers positioned between the alternating layers of differing aluminum concentrations to dynamically move the aluminum concentration from one of the alternating layer to another alternating layers. A first cladding region is disposed on the first stack of distributed Bragg mirrors. An active region is disposed on the first cladding region with a second cladding region being dispose on the active region. A second stack of distributed Bragg mirrors having alternating layers of aluminum gallium arsenide differing concentrations of aluminum are disposed on the second cladding region with a second plurality of continuous gradient layers being positioned between the alternating layers of differing aluminum concentrations to dynamically change the aluminum concentration from one of the altering layers to another alternating layers.

    摘要翻译: 具有不同于铝浓度的铝砷化镓的交替层的分布布拉格反射镜的第一堆叠被布置在基板的表面上,其中第一多个连续梯度层位于不同铝浓度的交替层之间以动态地移动铝 从交替层之一到另一个交替层的浓度。 第一包层区域布置在分布布拉格反射镜的第一堆叠上。 有源区设置在第一包层区上,第二包层区设置在有源区上。 具有不同浓度的铝的交替铝砷化镓层的第二层布拉格反射镜布置在第二覆层区域上,第二多个连续梯度层位于不同铝浓度的交替层之间以动态地将铝浓度从 另一个交替层的改变层之一。