公开(公告)号：US11866827B2

公开(公告)日：2024-01-09

申请号：US17523046

申请日：2021-11-10

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  Mark Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Lixin Zheng ,  David Michael Chesler

IPC: C23C16/56 ,  C09D11/52 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01B1/22 ,  C09D11/033

CPC classification number: C23C16/56 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C09D11/033 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01B1/22 ,  Y10T428/24802

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of metallic nanofibers or nanowires; a first solvent; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder. In various embodiments, the metallic nanofibers are between about 10 microns to about 100 microns in length, are between about 10 nm to about 120 nm in diameter, and are typically functionalized with a coating or partial coating of polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a similar compound. An exemplary metallic nanofiber ink which can be printed to produce a substantially transparent conductor comprises a plurality of metallic nanofibers; one or more solvents such as 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, cyclohexanol, or mixtures thereof; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a polyimide, for example.

公开(公告)号：US10482364B2

公开(公告)日：2019-11-19

申请号：US16412139

申请日：2019-05-14

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Steven B. Roach ,  Richard A. Blanchard ,  Eric W. Kahrs ,  Larry Todd Biggs ,  Chye Kiat Ang ,  Mark D. Lowenthal ,  William J. Ray

IPC: G06K19/07 ,  H01L25/075 ,  G06K19/04

Abstract: In one embodiment, an authentication area on a portable object comprises a random arrangement of printed LEDs and a wavelength conversion layer. The object to be authenticated may be a credit card, casino chip, or other object. When the LEDs are energized during authentication of the object, the emitted spectrum and/or persistence of the wavelength conversion layer is detected and encoded in a first code, then compared to valid codes stored in the database. If there is a match, the object is authenticated. The LED power may be remotely inductively coupled and may flash the LEDs, while the wavelength conversion layer emission slowly decays during its optical detection. The flash of blue LED light may be emitted from the edges of the object, which may act as a light guide, for optical feedback to the user that the object is being authenticated.

公开(公告)号：US10161615B2

公开(公告)日：2018-12-25

申请号：US15707739

申请日：2017-09-18

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  William Johnstone Ray ,  Neil O. Shotton ,  Richard A. Blanchard ,  Brad Oraw ,  Mark Allan Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Eric Anthony Perozziello

IPC: F21V23/06 ,  F21V3/04 ,  F21V5/04 ,  F21V7/00 ,  F21V19/00 ,  H01L23/00 ,  H01L25/04 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L33/50 ,  H01L25/075 ,  H01L33/38 ,  H01L33/48 ,  F21V23/00 ,  F21V23/04 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/24 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/62 ,  F21K9/232 ,  H01L33/22 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L33/58 ,  F21K9/27 ,  F21V9/30 ,  F21V3/06 ,  H01L33/20 ,  F21Y101/00 ,  F21Y115/10 ,  F21Y107/20 ,  H01L27/15

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition of a liquid or gel suspension of diodes generally includes a plurality of diodes, a first solvent and/or a viscosity modifier. An exemplary apparatus may include: a plurality of diodes; at least a trace amount of a first solvent; and a polymeric or resin film at least partially surrounding each diode of the plurality of diodes. Various exemplary diodes have a lateral dimension between about 10 to 50 microns and about 5 to 25 microns in height. Other embodiments may also include a plurality of substantially chemically inert particles having a range of sizes between about 10 to about 50 microns.

公开(公告)号：US20180022953A1

公开(公告)日：2018-01-25

申请号：US15708377

申请日：2017-09-19

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Vera Nicholaevna Lockett ,  Mark David Lowenthal ,  Neil O. Shotton ,  William Johnstone Ray ,  Tricia Youngbull ,  Theodore I. Kamins

IPC: C09D11/52 ,  H01L21/288

CPC classification number: C09D11/52 ,  H01L21/288

Abstract: A representative printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of metallic particles; a plurality of semiconductor particles; and a first solvent. The pluralities of particles may also be comprised of an alloy of a metal and a semiconductor. The composition may further comprise a second solvent different from the first solvent. In a representative embodiment, the first solvent comprises a polyol or mixtures thereof, such as glycerin, and the second solvent comprises a carboxylic or dicarboxylic acid or mixtures thereof, such as glutaric acid. In various embodiments, the metallic particles and the semiconductor particles are nanoparticles between about 5 nm to about 1.5 microns in any dimension. A representative metallic and semiconductor particle ink can be printed and annealed to produce a conductor.

公开(公告)号：US09508694B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-29

申请号：US14559609

申请日：2014-12-03

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Bradley Steven Oraw ,  Bemly Sujeewa Randeniya

IPC: H01L33/62 ,  H01L25/075 ,  H05K1/00 ,  H01L33/42

CPC classification number: H01L25/0753 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H05K1/00 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Relatively small, electrically isolated segments of LED light sheets are fabricated having an anode terminal and a cathode terminal. The segments contain microscopic printed LEDs that are connected in parallel by two conductive layers sandwiching the LEDs. The top conductive layer is transparent. Separately formed from the light sheet segments is a flexible, large area conductor backplane having a single layer or multiple layers of solid metal strips (traces). The segments are laminated over the backplane's metal pattern to supply power to the segment terminals. An adhesive layer secures the segments to the backplane. The metal pattern may connect the segments in series, or parallel, or form an addressable circuit for a display. The segments may be on a common substrate or physically separated from each other prior to the lamination.

Abstract translation: 制造具有阳极端子和阴极端子的相对小的电隔​​离的LED光片段。 这些段包含通过夹持LED的两个导电层并联连接的微观印刷的LED。 顶层导电层是透明的。 与光片段分开形成的是具有单层或多层固体金属条（迹线）的柔性大面积导体背板。 片段层叠在背板的金属图案上以向片段端子供电。 粘合剂层将片段固定到背板。 金属图案可以将片段串联或并联连接，或形成用于显示器的可寻址电路。 片段可以在共同的衬底上，或在层压之前彼此物理分离。

公开(公告)号：US09443180B2

公开(公告)日：2016-09-13

申请号：US14546846

申请日：2014-11-18

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal

IPC: G06F17/00 ,  G06K19/06 ,  G06K7/10 ,  G06K19/08

CPC classification number: G06K19/06112 ,  G06K7/10821 ,  G06K19/06037 ,  G06K19/086

Abstract: In one embodiment, a security label comprises a random arrangement of printed LEDs. During fabrication of the label, the LEDs are energized, and the resulting dot pattern is converted into a unique digital first code and stored in a database. The label is then attached to an object to be later authenticated, or the LEDs are printed directly on the object, such as a passport, license, bank note, certificate, etc. For authenticating the object, the LEDs are energized and the dot pattern is converted into a code. The code is compared to the first code stored in the database. If there is a match, the object is authenticated. The label may also have a printed second code associated with the first code, and both codes must match codes stored in the database for authentication. The general shape of the printed pattern may convey the proper orientation of the pattern.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，安全标签包括印刷的LED的随机排列。 在制造标签期间，LED被激励，并且所得到的点图案被转换成唯一的数字第一代码并存储在数据库中。 然后将标签附着到待认证的对象上，或者将LED直接打印在对象上，例如护照，许可证，纸币，证书等。为了认证对象，LED被激活，点图案 被转换成代码。 将代码与存储在数据库中的第一个代码进行比较。 如果有匹配，则对象进行身份验证。 标签还可以具有与第一代码相关联的打印的第二代码，并且两个代码必须匹配存储在数据库中的代码以进行认证。 印刷图案的一般形状可以传达图案的正确取向。

公开(公告)号：US20160238201A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-18

申请号：US15009727

申请日：2016-01-28

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Alexander Ray ,  Richard Blanchard ,  Shawn Barber ,  David Moffenbeier

IPC: F21K99/00 ,  F21V23/02 ,  F21V23/06 ,  F21V23/00

Abstract: On a flexible substrate is printed LEDs and a driver circuit containing transistors. The LEDs and transistors are printed microscopic devices contained in an ink. The LEDs are printed in groups and connected in parallel, and the transistors are printed in groups and connected in parallel. Other components, such as resistors and an on/off switch, are also printed to form the driver. A battery and other circuit components may also be printed on the substrate. An overlay is provided over the LEDs to create a desired light pattern. The LEDs and driver may be generic, and the overlay customizes the light pattern for a particular application. The transistors in the driver may be interconnected with a trace pattern to drive the LEDs in a customized manner, such as for an insert in a product package for marketing to a consumer.

Abstract translation: 在柔性基板上印有LED和包含晶体管的驱动电路。 LED和晶体管是包含在墨水中的印刷的微观装置。 LED分组打印并联并且晶体管被分组打印并且并联连接。 还打印其他组件，如电阻器和开/关开关，以形成驱动器。 电池和其他电路部件也可以印刷在基板上。 在LED上提供覆盖层以产生期望的光图案。 LED和驱动器可以是通用的，并且覆盖层定制特定应用的光模式。 驱动器中的晶体管可以与跟踪模式互连以以定制的方式驱动LED，例如用于向消费者进行营销的产品包装中的插入物。

公开(公告)号：US09397341B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-19

申请号：US14249316

申请日：2014-04-09

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Vera N. Lockett ,  Leila Daneshi ,  William J. Ray ,  John G. Gustafson

IPC: H01M4/62 ,  C07D233/58 ,  H01M6/40 ,  H01M2/16 ,  H01M4/06 ,  H01M4/12 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/50 ,  H01M4/66 ,  H01M6/16 ,  H01M10/0569

CPC classification number: H01M6/40 ,  C07D233/58 ,  H01M2/1653 ,  H01M4/06 ,  H01M4/12 ,  H01M4/42 ,  H01M4/50 ,  H01M4/625 ,  H01M4/661 ,  H01M4/663 ,  H01M4/666 ,  H01M4/668 ,  H01M6/164 ,  H01M6/166 ,  H01M10/0569 ,  H01M2220/30

Abstract: An energy storage device includes a printed current collector layer, where the printed current collector layer includes nickel flakes and a current collector conductive carbon additive. The energy storage device includes a printed electrode layer printed over the current collector layer, where the printed electrode layer includes an ionic liquid and an electrode conductive carbon additive. The ionic liquid can include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C2mimBF4). The current collector conductive carbon can include graphene and the electrode conductive carbon additive can include graphite, graphene, and/or carbon nanotubes.

Abstract translation: 储能装置包括印刷集电极层，印刷集电极层包括镍薄片和集电器导电碳添加剂。 能量存储装置包括印刷在集电器层上的印刷电极层，其中印刷电极层包括离子液体和电极导电性碳添加剂。 离子液体可以包括1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓四氟硼酸盐（C2mimBF4）。 集电体导电碳可以包括石墨烯，并且电极导电碳添加剂可以包括石墨，石墨烯和/或碳纳米管。

公开(公告)号：US09362348B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-07

申请号：US14469664

申请日：2014-08-27

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  William Johnstone Ray ,  Neil O. Shotton ,  Richard A. Blanchard ,  Brad Oraw ,  Mark Allan Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Eric Anthony Perozziello

IPC: H01L33/00 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L25/04 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L23/00 ,  H01L27/142 ,  H01L27/15 ,  H01L27/30 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L51/42 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/0475 ,  H01L21/683 ,  H01L33/20 ,  H01L33/38

CPC classification number: H01L27/3281 ,  H01L21/6836 ,  H01L24/24 ,  H01L24/95 ,  H01L25/048 ,  H01L27/142 ,  H01L27/15 ,  H01L27/301 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L31/03044 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/0475 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/1876 ,  H01L33/005 ,  H01L33/20 ,  H01L33/38 ,  H01L33/382 ,  H01L51/42 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/5203 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L2224/24137 ,  H01L2224/32225 ,  H01L2224/73267 ,  H01L2224/95101 ,  H01L2924/09701 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12042 ,  H01L2924/13033 ,  H01L2924/13034 ,  H01L2924/1305 ,  H01L2924/1306 ,  H01L2924/13062 ,  H01L2924/13091 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2924/00014

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition of a liquid or gel suspension of diodes comprises a plurality of diodes, a first solvent and/or a viscosity modifier. An exemplary method of fabricating an electronic device comprises: depositing one or more first conductors; and depositing a plurality of diodes suspended in a mixture of a first solvent and a viscosity modifier. Various exemplary diodes have a lateral dimension between about 10 to 50 microns and about 5 to 25 microns in height. Other embodiments may also include a plurality of substantially chemically inert particles having a range of sizes between about 10 to about 50 microns.

Abstract translation: 二极管的液体或凝胶悬浮液的示例性可印刷组合物包括多个二极管，第一溶剂和/或粘度调节剂。 制造电子设备的示例性方法包括：沉积一个或多个第一导体; 以及沉积悬浮在第一溶剂和粘度调节剂的混合物中的多个二极管。 各种示例性二极管的高度为约10至50微米和约5至25微米之间的横向尺寸。 其它实施方案还可以包括多个基本上化学惰性的颗粒，其尺寸范围在约10至约50微米之间。

公开(公告)号：US09236528B2

公开(公告)日：2016-01-12

申请号：US13763642

申请日：2013-02-09

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc. ,  The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Inventor： William Johnstone Ray ,  Mark D. Lowenthal ,  Neil O. Shotton ,  Richard A. Blanchard ,  Mark Allan Lewandowski ,  Kirk A. Fuller ,  Donald Odell Frazier

IPC: H01L29/205 ,  H01L33/00 ,  H01L29/06 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L27/15 ,  H01L29/26 ,  H01L31/12 ,  H01L33/20 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L33/08 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/05 ,  H01L31/054 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/0475

CPC classification number: H01L33/00 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01L21/30 ,  H01L27/142 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L27/3281 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/028 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L31/03044 ,  H01L31/0328 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/0475 ,  H01L31/05 ,  H01L31/0504 ,  H01L31/0508 ,  H01L31/0512 ,  H01L31/0543 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L33/08 ,  H01L33/20 ,  H01L33/30 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/34 ,  H01L33/58 ,  H01L33/60 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L51/0096 ,  H01L51/447 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/5203 ,  H01L51/5265 ,  H01L51/5271 ,  H01L51/5275 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L2251/5369 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic apparatus, such as a lighting device comprised of light emitting diodes (LEDs) or a power generating apparatus comprising photovoltaic diodes, which may be created through a printing process, using a semiconductor or other substrate particle ink or suspension and using a lens particle ink or suspension. An exemplary apparatus comprises a base; at least one first conductor; a plurality of substantially spherical or optically resonant diodes coupled to the at least one first conductor; at least one second conductor coupled to the plurality of diodes; and a plurality of substantially spherical lenses suspended in a polymer attached or deposited over the diodes. The lenses and the suspending polymer have different indices of refraction. In some embodiments, the lenses and diodes have a ratio of mean diameters or lengths between about 10:1 and 2:1. The diodes may be LEDs or photovoltaic diodes, and in some embodiments, have a junction formed at least partially as a hemispherical shell or cap.