Abstract:
A method for manufacturing a sputtering target with which an oxide semiconductor film with a small amount of defects can be formed is provided. Alternatively, an oxide semiconductor film with a small amount of defects is formed. A method for manufacturing a sputtering target is provided, which includes the steps of: forming a polycrystalline In-M-Zn oxide (M represents a metal chosen among aluminum, titanium, gallium, yttrium, zirconium, lanthanum, cesium, neodymium, and hafnium) powder by mixing, sintering, and grinding indium oxide, an oxide of the metal, and zinc oxide; forming a mixture by mixing the polycrystalline In-M-Zn oxide powder and a zinc oxide powder; forming a compact by compacting the mixture; and sintering the compact.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing a sputtering target with which an oxide semiconductor film with a small amount of defects can be formed is provided. Alternatively, an oxide semiconductor film with a small amount of defects is formed. A method for manufacturing a sputtering target is provided, which includes the steps of: forming a polycrystalline In-M-Zn oxide (M represents a metal chosen among aluminum, titanium, gallium, yttrium, zirconium, lanthanum, cesium, neodymium, and hafnium) powder by mixing, sintering, and grinding indium oxide, an oxide of the metal, and zinc oxide; forming a mixture by mixing the polycrystalline In-M-Zn oxide powder and a zinc oxide powder; forming a compact by compacting the mixture; and sintering the compact.
Abstract:
An ion source for an implanter includes a first solid state source electrode disposed in an ion source chamber. The first solid state source electrode includes a source material coupled to a first negative potential node. A second solid state source electrode is disposed in the ion source chamber. The second solid state source electrode includes the source material coupled to a second negative potential node, and the first solid state source electrode and the second solid state source electrode are configured to produce ions to be implanted by the implanter.
Abstract:
Provided is a zinc oxide sputtering target, which can effectively suppress the occurrence of break or crack in the target during sputtering to enable production of a zinc oxide transparent conductive film with high productivity. The zinc oxide sputtering target is composed of a zinc oxide sintered body comprising zinc oxide crystal grains, wherein the zinc oxide sputtering target has a sputter surface having a (100) crystal orientation degree of 50% or more.
Abstract:
A process for modifying a surface of a substrate is provided that includes supplying electrons to an electrically isolated anode electrode of a closed drift ion source. The anode electrode has an anode electrode charge bias that is positive while other components of the closed drift ion source are electrically grounded or support an electrical float voltage. The electrons encounter a closed drift magnetic field that induces ion formation. Anode contamination is prevented by switching the electrode charge bias to negative in the presence of a gas, a plasma is generated proximal to the anode electrode to clean deposited contaminants from the anode electrode. The electrode charge bias is then returned to positive in the presence of a repeat electron source to induce repeat ion formation to again modify the surface of the substrate. An apparatus for modification of a surface of a substrate by this process is provided.
Abstract:
Provided are a carbon ion generating device and a tumor treatment apparatus using the same. The carbon ion generating device includes a carbon nanostructure, a carbon emitting structure, an ionizing structure, and an accelerator. The carbon emitting structure is configured to induce an emission of carbon atoms from one end of the carbon nanostructure. The ionizing structure is configured to ionize the emitted carbon atoms. The accelerator is configured to accelerate the ionized carbon atoms.
Abstract:
Provided are a carbon ion generating device and a tumor treatment apparatus using the same. The carbon ion generating device includes a carbon nanostructure, a carbon emitting structure, an ionizing structure, and an accelerator. The carbon emitting structure is configured to induce an emission of carbon atoms from one end of the carbon nanostructure. The ionizing structure is configured to ionize the emitted carbon atoms. The accelerator is configured to accelerate the ionized carbon atoms.
Abstract:
A surface ion source apparatus (10) creates a high purity ion beam (44) of molecules of metal compounds having a lower ionization energy than the metal they contain. Low energy dispersion in the ion beam and currents on the order of one ampere are attainable over long duration operation. Rhenium screen (12) is used in the ion source and related catalyzer (31). Temperatures vary in the range of 700 to 2500 degrees centigrade and a preferred vacuum pressure of 10.sup.-5 torr, or lower, is used. Wear and corrosion resistance of a wide variety of materials is greatly enhanced through ion deposition and/or implantation with the disclosed apparatus and methods. This high output ion source is also useful for electronic propulsion, separation of isotopes and production of electricity by forcing ions through a transverse magnetic field, such as used with a magnetohydrodynamic generator.