Abstract:
There are provided a bias voltage generator, a semiconductor memory device having the bias voltage generator, and a method for generating the bias voltage. The bias voltage generator which generates the bias voltage to control a sensing current supplied to a memory cell for sensing data is characterized in that the bias voltage is output in response to an input voltage being applied, so that a slope of the bias voltage to the input voltage is different in at least two sections divided corresponding to a level of the input voltage.
Abstract:
A semiconductor package structure having a solder ball coupled to a chip pad and a manufacturing method thereof, a semiconductor package module, and a system. A circuit board includes a through hole therein, and a conductor is formed on a sidewall of the through hole. A first semiconductor chip including a first chip pad is mounted on the circuit board. A solder ball is disposed in the through hole and is bonded to the conductor and the first chip pad. Therefore, an underfill can be removed from a semiconductor package, and thus, the semiconductor package can be reduced in thickness.
Abstract:
A magnetic random access memory (RAM) with a multi-bit cell array structure includes an access transistor formed on a substrate, first through third resistance-variable elements, and first through third current supplying lines. The first through third resistance-variable elements are disposed between a bit line and the access transistor, and electrically connected to each other. The first through third current supplying lines are stacked alternately with the first through third resistance-variable elements. The first through third resistance-variable elements have equal resistances.
Abstract:
A method of performing a program-suspend-read operation in a PRAM device comprises programming a write block comprising N unit program blocks in response to a program operation request, and suspending the program operation after programming M unit program blocks, where M is less than N, in response to a read operation request. The method further comprises executing the requested read operation, and then resuming the programming of the write data block and programming (N−M) remaining unit program blocks.
Abstract:
A speaker recognition method and apparatus are provided. In the speaker recognition method, basic data and voice data of a speaker are received using contents that constantly request the speaker to constantly response using the speaker's voice. Then, a voice of the speaker is extracted from voice data, and a feature vector for recognition is extracted from the voice of the speaker. Based on the extracted feature vector, a speaker model is created. Then, a speaker stored in a speaker model is recognized based on information analyzed from input voice.
Abstract:
Provided are a structure for an optical device and method of fabricating the same. The structure includes: a light scattering layer producing nanoparticles due to externally provided thermal energy; a protective layer protecting the light scattering layer; and a capping layer disposed between the light scattering layer and the protective layer. As the light scattering layer is formed of nitride-oxide, an energy gap is increased to make the structure suitable for a high-speed electronic circuit, and a desired stoichiometric ratio can be easily obtained. Also, the capping layer prevents crystalline mismatch, thus the non-uniformity of elements is inhibited to maintain a stoichiometric state. As a result, a high-integrated high-speed electronic circuit, which is excellent in uniformity and reproducibility, can be easily embodied.
Abstract:
A gesture spotting detection method and apparatus employ a shoulder-line algorithm. The shoulder-line detecting method recognizes a GSD calling gesture that occurs in a shoulder-line, head or higher part in a remote distance or a short distance, although a user does not have a fixed posture. In the method, an image of people is received, and skin information of a person in the image is detected to detect a face area. Then, the cloth color information of the person is modeled from the inputted image to detect a cloth area. An external space is defined from the image based on the body space area, and an edge is extracted from the image based on the body space and the external space. Then, shoulder-line information is acquired based on an energy function obtained based on the body space, the external space, and the edge.
Abstract:
A phase-change random access memory includes a memory block including a plurality of memory columns corresponding to the same column address and using different input/output paths; a redundancy memory block including a plurality of redundancy memory columns using different input/output paths; and an input/output controller repairing at least one of the plurality of memory columns using at least one of the plurality of redundancy memory columns, and controlling the number of memory columns simultaneously repaired using redundancy memory columns in response to an input/output repair mode control signal.
Abstract:
An apparatus for cooling a spent fuel pool having a heat exchanger includes a cooling water pool positioned above the spent fuel pool; a floating device configured to be elevated according to a water level of a cooling water in the spent fuel pool; and an emergency cooling water supply pipe configured to form a path through which the cooling water of the cooling water pool is moved to the spent fuel pool and configured to include a floating valve that opens or closes a flow passage of the cooling water in connection with the elevation of the floating device.
Abstract:
Semiconductor packages including stacked semiconductor chips are provided. The semiconductor packages may include first semiconductor chips and a second semiconductor chip that are stacked sequentially on a board. The semiconductor packages may also include a wiring layer on the memory chips and the wiring layer may include redistribution patterns and redistribution pads. Each of the memory chips may include a data pad. The data pads of the first semiconductor chips may be electrically connected to the board via the second semiconductor chip, some of redistribution patterns, and some of redistribution pads.