摘要:
A continuous process for the preparation of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid which includes introducing sulfuric acid into a first reactor including a continuous stirred tank reactor and introducing 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanenitrile into the first reactor. 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanenitrile is continually hydrolyzed within the first reactor to produce an intermediate aqueous hydrolysis solution containing 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanamide. The intermediate aqueous hydrolysis solution is continuously introduced into a plug flow reactor. 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanamide is continually hydrolyzed within the plug flow reactor to produce an aqueous hydrolyzate product solution containing 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid. 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid is recovered from the aqueous hydrolyzate product solution.
摘要:
A method of controlling Take-all disease of plants by applying, preferably to the seed prior to planting, a fungicide of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are C or N and are part of an aromatic ring selected from benzene, pyridine, thiophene, furan, pyrrole, pyrazole, thiazole, and isothiazole;A is selected from --C(X)-amine, --C(O)--SR.sub.3, --NH--C(X)R.sub.4, and --C(.dbd.NR.sub.3)--XR.sub.7 ;B is --W.sub.m --Q(R.sub.2).sub.3 or selected from o-tolyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, and 9-phenanthryl, each optionally substituted with halogen or R.sub.4 ;Q is C, Si, Ge, or Sn;W is --C(R.sub.3).sub.p H.sub.(2-p) --; or when Q is C, W is selected from --C(R.sub.3).sub.p H.sub.(2-p) --, --N(R.sub.3).sub.m H.sub.(1-m) --, --S(O).sub.p --, and --O--;X is O or S;n is 0, 1, 2, or 3;m is 0 or 1;p is 0, 1, or 2;each R is independently selected froma) halo, formyl, cyano, amino, nitro, thiocyanato, isothiocyanato, trimethylsilyl, and hydroxy;b) C1-C4 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, and cycloalkenyl, each optionally substituted with halo, hydroxy, thio, amino, nitro, cyano, formyl, phenyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, (alkylthio)carbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylsulfinyl, or alkylsulfonyl;c) phenyl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, each optionally substituted with halo, formyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C1-C4 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, haloalkyl, and haloalkenyl;d) C1-C4 alkoxy, alkenoxy, alkynoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkenyloxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylcarbonylamino, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, (alkylthio)carbonyl, phenylcarbonylamino, phenylamino, each optionally substituted with halo;wherein two R groups may be combined to form a fused ring;each R.sub.2 is independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl and phenyl, each optionally substituted with R.sub.4 or halogen; and wherein, when Q is C, R.sub.2 may also be selected from halo, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, and dialkylamino;wherein two R.sub.2 groups may be combined to form a cyclo group with Q;R.sub.3 is C1-C4 alkyl;R.sub.4 is C1-C4 alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, or dialkylamino; andR.sub.7 is C1-C4 alkyl, haloalkyl, or phenyl, optionally substituted with halo, nitro, or R.sub.4 ;or an agronomic salt thereof.
摘要:
This invention relates to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibiting compounds of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, straight or branched and optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, amino, carboxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl, carboxamido, nitrile, mono- or di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkylamino, thio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylthio, aryl, --Oaryl or --OCH.sub.2 aryl where aryl is optionally substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, carboxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxamido, or hydroxy; and C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkanesulfonyloxy. R.sup.2 is .alpha.-OH or .beta.-OH and R.sup.6 is H or R.sup.2 and R.sup.6 together are carbonyl; the chemical intermediates; and processes for the preparation of these compounds and the intermediates thereto.Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of zinc-containing calcium dependent proteinases, including stromelysins, collagenases, and gelatinases. These MMP enzymes are capable of degrading the proteinaceous components of connective tissue and appear to be involved in tissue remodeling, i.e., wound healing and connective tissue turnover. Unexpectedly, the mercaptoalcohols with the S-configuration at the hydroxyl-bearing carbon have been found to be at least 4 times more potent than the analogous (R)-alcohols both in vitro and in vivo in inhibiting the MMP enzyme.
摘要:
Mercapto amino acid derivatives of formula (I), wherein R is hydrogen, a salt-forming cation of a in vivo hydrolysable ester-forming group; R.sub.1 is selected from (a) and (b) in which A is a monocyclic aryl or heteroaryl ring and B is a monocyclic aryl, alicyclic or heterocyclic ring, C and D are independently --Z.sub.p --(CR.sub.8 CR.sub.9).sub.q -- or --(CR.sub.8 CR.sub.9).sub.q --Z.sub.p -- where p is 0 or 1, q is 0 to 3 provided that p+q in C is not 0, R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 are independently hydrogen or (C.sub.1-6)alkyl or together represent oxo and Z is O, NR.sub.10 or S(O).sub.x where R.sub.10 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1-6)alkyl or aryl(C.sub.1-6)alkyl and x is 0-2, and wherein C and D are linked ortho to one another on each of the rings A and B in formula (b); R.sub.2 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1-6)alkyl or aryl(C.sub.1-6)alkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1-6)alkyl optionally substituted by up to three halogen atoms, (C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl, fused aryl(C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.2-6)alkyl, (C.sub.2-6)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-6)alkynyl, aryl, aryl--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.n, heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.n, where m is 0 to 3, n is 1 to 3 and X is O or S(O).sub.x where x is 0-2 or a bond; R.sub.4 is hydrogen or an in vivo hydrolysable acyl group; and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen and (C.sub.1-6)alkyl or together represent (CH.sub.2).sub.r, where r is 2 to 5; for use in treatment of bacterial infections in humans or animals by administration in combination with a .beta.-lactam antiobiotic.
摘要:
Compounds of formula (3), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and derivatives thereof, in which R.sup.1 is vinyl or ethyl; and R.sup.2 is a group R.sup.3, R.sup.4 CH.sub.2 --, or R.sup.5 R.sup.6 C.dbd.CH--; wherein each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is an azabicyclic ring system or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an azabicyclic ring system, are useful in the prevention and treatment of microbial infections. ##STR1##
摘要:
This invention is directed to compounds of formula I: ##STR1## wherein the variables are as described herein. Compounds within the scope of the present invention possess useful properties, more particularly pharmaceutical properties. They are especially useful for inhibiting the production or physiological effects of TNF in the treatment of a patient suffering from a disease state associated with a physiologically detrimental excess of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Compounds within the scope of the present invention also inhibit cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, and are useful in treating a disease state associated with pathological conditions that are modulated by inhibiting cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, such disease states including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, in particular type IV cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Compounds within the scope of the present invention may also inhibit an MMP, and are useful in treating a disease state associated with pathological conditions that are modulated by inhibiting MMPs, such disease states involve tissue breakdown and those associated with a physiologically detrimental excess of TNF. The present invention is therefore also directed to the pharmaceutical use of the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, intermediates leading thereto and methods for the preparation of the compounds and their intermediates.
摘要:
Novel mixtures of perfluoroalkyl halides and derivatives thereof are described. These mixtures contain some compounds with a straight perfluoroalkyl group and some with a branched perfluoroalkyl group. Methods of preparation and use are also described.
摘要:
A method of treatment of bacterial infections in humans or animals which comprises administering, in combination with a .beta.-lactam antibiotic, a therapeutically effective amount of an amino acid derivative of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or in vivo hydrolysable ester thereof, ##STR1## wherein: R is hydrogen, a salt forming cation or an in vivo hydrolysable ester-forming group; R.sub.1 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1-6)alkyl optionally substituted by up to three halogen atoms or by a mercapto, (C.sub.1-6)alkoxy, hydroxy, amino, nitro, carboxy, (C.sub.1-6)alkylcarbonyloxy, (C.sub.1-6)alkoxycarbonyl, formyl or (C.sub.1-6)alkylcarbonyl group, (C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.2-6)alkyl, (C.sub.2-6)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-6)alkynyl, aryl, aryl(C.sub.1-6)alkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl(C.sub.1-6)alkyl; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1-6)alkyl or aryl(C.sub.1-6)alkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1-6)alkyl optionally substituted by up to three halogen atoms, (C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl, fused aryl(C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3-7)cycloalkyl(C.sub.2-6)alkyl, (C.sub.2-6)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-6)alkynyl, aryl, aryl-(CHR.sub.10).sub.m --X--(CHR.sub.11).sub.n, heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl-(CHR.sub.10).sub.m --X--(CHR.sub.11).sub.n, where m is 0 to 3, n is 1 to 3, each R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 is independently hydrogen or (C.sub.1-4)alkyl and X is O, S(O).sub.x where x is 0-2, or a bond; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, or an in vivo hydrolysable acyl group; and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen and (C.sub.1-6)alkyl or together represent (CH.sub.2).sub.p where p is 2 to 5. Some compounds are claimed per se.
摘要:
Derivatives of mutiline of formula (1A) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and derivatives thereof, in which R.sup.1 is ethyl or vinyl, Y is a carbamoyloxy group, in which the N-atom is unsubstituted, or mono- or di-substituted, are useful in the treatment of bacterial infections. ##STR1##
摘要:
A continuous process for the preparation of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid which includes introducing sulfuric acid into a first reactor including a continuous stirred tank reactor and introducing 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanenitrile into the first reactor. 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanenitrile is continually hydrolyzed within the first reactor to produce an intermediate aqueous hydrolysis solution containing 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanamide. The intermediate aqueous hydrolysis solution is continuously introduced into a plug flow reactor. 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanamide is continually hydrolyzed within the plug flow reactor to produce an aqueous hydrolyzate product solution containing 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid. 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid is recovered from the aqueous hydrolyzate product solution.