摘要:
An antenna module suitable for a reduction in size and weight of equipment and improved in manufacturability. The antenna module includes a ground element formed from a planar conductor, an antenna element formed from a planar conductor and arranged in parallel to the ground element, and a loop element formed from a tubular conductor and arranged between the ground element and the antenna element in predetermined positional relationship with both elements so as to be connected with the antenna element. The loop element has a first hollow portion passing therethrough in a given direction. The antenna module further includes an element support formed from an insulator and arranged so as to fill a space between the ground element and the antenna element and substantially fully cover an outer surface of the loop element. The element support is formed with a second hollow portion passing therethrough in the same direction as that of the first hollow portion of the loop element.
摘要:
A filter for collecting fine particles in exhaust gas is equipped with: a multitude of cells bordering on each other and allowing exhaust gas to flow therethrough; cell partitions separating these multitude of cells from each other and having a multitude of pores through which the multitude of cells communicate with each other; and stop sections provided in the end portions of the multitude of cells so as to cause the exhaust gas introduced into each of the cells at one end thereof to flow into the adjacent cells through the pores of the cell partitions and be discharged at the other end of the cell. These stop sections are so arranged that the amount of exhaust gas entering the cells at the central region of one of the end portions is smaller than that at the peripheral region of the same. With this construction, the amount of fine particles accumulated in the peripheral filter region is relatively large, and that in the central filter region is relatively small. Thus, an increase in temperature occurs in the peripheral filter region, whereas it is suppressed in the central filter region, so that the difference in temperature between the two regions is kept at a low level, thereby effectively protecting the filter from damage.
摘要:
A porous support of the present invention comprises a laminate which is formed by laminating a corrugated sheet, in which high and low wave portions coexist, and a flat sheet, and which is wound into a spiral form. The porous support is particularly used as a catalyst support for purifying automobile exhaust gas. Appropriate combination of the high and the low wave portions in the corrugated sheet permits the selection of any one of various cross-sectional forms such as a conventional circular form, a race track-like form, a broad bean-like form, a triangular form and other suitable forms. The degree of freedom of the form can be thus increased.
摘要:
A swash plate type compressor has a rotary shaft, an inclined swash plate for rotation with the shaft, and a plurality of pistons connected to the swash plate. Each piston defines at both ends thereof a pair of working chambers. The piston reciprocates while being subjected to a swing motion concomitant with the rotation of the swash plate, to suck a fluid into the working chambers for compression. The swash plate is mounted on the shaft through a support unit which serves to selectively vary the inclination of the swash plate and shift the center of rotation of the swash plate along the shaft. The fluid is introduced from a suction passage through and around the swash plate to suction chambers formed adjacent the working chambers. A bypass passage is formed to directly communicate the suction passage with the suction chamber on one side of the shaft while bypassing the swash plate. When the inclination of the swash plate is decreased and the rotational center position thereof is shifted so that substantially no compression of fluid is completed in the working chambers on the one side of the shaft to decrease the displacement of the compressor, the fluid flows in the one side suction chamber through the bypass passage responsively to the flow of fluid toward another side working chambers to lubricate and cool sliding parts for the shaft.
摘要:
Wheel cylinders supplied with oil pressure from a master cylinder are respectively provided in brake mechanism provided in wheels of a vehicle. The wheel cylinder has a brake piston provided to form a first fluid chamber to supply oil pressure from the master cylinder, and a brake piston driven by the oil pressure of the first fluid chamber. The wheel cylinder has a piston mechanism formed by laminating thin plate shaped piezoelectric elements, and the piston mechanism is controlled to be expanded or contracted by controlling the voltage applied to the piezoelectric elements to vary the volume of the first fluid chamber. Cut-off valves are provided in passages for supplying the oil pressure from the master cylinder to the wheel cylinders, a check valve for allowing only the work oil to flow from the master cylinder to the wheel cylinder in parallel with the cut-off valve to control to expand the piston in the state the oil pressure is generated from the master cylinder and the cut-off valve is closed to control to further strengthen the oil pressure in the first fluid chamber.
摘要:
A polyphase AC generator of a type designed for installation in automobiles, has a so-called Lundell type rotor in which an exciting coil is enclosed by a plurality of pairs of finger type magnetic poles and which is rotated by a vehicle-mounted engine. The shape of the finger magnetic poles is modified to an irregular trapezoidal shape having a side opposite to a base displaced with respect to said base in the direction of rotation of the rotor, thus changing the waveform of magnetic flux flowing through the rotor and an armature core and thereby reducing magnetic noise of the generator under load operation.
摘要:
A hybrid vehicle comprises a motor driving the vehicle's wheels, multiple batteries supplying electric power to the motor, and a generator driven by an internal combustion engine to generate electric power for charging the batteries. Battery sensors detect terminal voltages of the batteries. An ECU controls a DC/DC converter to distribute electric power to independently charge the batteries through charge lines in accordance with the shortage of charge in respective batteries when excess electrical power is available from the generator even after a required amount of electrical power from the generator is used to rotate wheels.
摘要:
A wiring substrate has a semiconductor device mounted thereonto, the semiconductor device having ball-shaped externally connecting parts. The wiring substrate includes through holes at positions corresponding to the ball-shaped externally connecting parts and electric conductors provided inside and around the through holes. Land portions of the electric conductors, at which the electric conductors are engaged with the externally connecting parts, includes sectional tapering portions, respectively. Further, the through holes have sectional tapering portions at edge portions in proximity to the land portions, respectively. The ball-shaped externally connecting parts of the semiconductor device are engaged with the land portions provided around the through holes of the wiring substrate and having the sectional tapering portions, respectively.
摘要:
A hydraulic control system for an automatic transmission of automotive vehicles is provided. The hydraulic control system includes a pressure source, a plurality of solenoid valves, and a plurality of directional control valves. Each solenoid valve selectively supplies and release hydraulic pressure to and from one of frictional element of a power train of the automatic transmission according to a given schedule of transmission operation for establishing a given gear ratio. The directional control valves are interposed between the frictional elements of the power train and the solenoid valves, respectively. Each of the directional control valves is responsive to input of the hydraulic pressure supplied from the pressure source through a preselected hydraulic line to assume first and second valve positions, the first valve position being to allow the hydraulic pressure to be directed to one of the frictional elements, the second valve position being to release the hydraulic pressure acting on one of the frictional element. Additionally, the hydraulic pressure to activate the frictional elements is reduced in pressure level temporarily upon supply thereto for absorbing mechanical shock caused by engagement of the frictional elements.
摘要:
In order to keep the braking torque of a motor always maximal and to execute suitable ABS regenerative braking, a controller of an electric car has a motor (1) connected to the road wheels, and its central controller confirms that regenerative energy calculated from output signals from an ammeter (51) and from a volt meter (52) after the braking operation begins reaches a maximum value, and stores a braking torque calculation value obtained from a signal from a motor number-of-revolution sensor (63), as a maximum braking torque value. When the difference between the braking torque command value applied to the motor (1) and the braking torque calculation value exists within a predetermined range, the braking torque command value is thereafter increased or decreased in accordance with the difference between the maximum braking torque value described above and a present braking torque calculation value, and when the difference is out of this predetermined range, the braking torque command value is decreased.