公开(公告)号：US20030097783A1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-29

申请号：US10084835

申请日：2002-02-26

Inventor： Frederick L. Jordan

IPC: C10L001/18 ,  C10L001/16

CPC classification number: C10L1/326 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1802 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1832 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/306 ,  C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/02

Abstract: A gasoline is provided that includes a plant oil extract, null-carotene, and jojoba oil. The gasoline exhibits reduced emissions of undesired components during combustion of the fuel. A method for preparing the gasoline is also provided.

Abstract translation: 提供了包括植物油提取物，β-胡萝卜素和霍霍巴油的汽油。 在燃料燃烧期间，汽油表现出减少不期望成分的排放。 还提供了制备汽油的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20030089027A1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-15

申请号：US10084602

申请日：2002-02-26

Inventor： Frederick L. Jordan

IPC: C10L001/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/326 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1802 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1832 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/306 ,  C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/02

Abstract: A fuel additive is provided that includes a plant oil extract, null-carotene, and jojoba oil. The additive may be added to any liquid hydrocarbon fuel, coal, or other hydrocarbonaceous combustible fuel to reduce emissions of undesired components during combustion of the fuel. A method for preparing the additive is also provided.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种燃料添加剂，其包括植物油提取物，β-胡萝卜素和霍霍巴油。 添加剂可以被添加到任何液体烃燃料，煤或其它含烃可燃燃料中，以减少燃料燃烧期间不期望的组分的排放。 还提供了制备添加剂的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06193766B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-27

申请号：US09036968

申请日：1998-03-09

Applicant: Frederick L. Jordan

Inventor： Frederick L. Jordan

IPC: C10L118

CPC classification number: C10L10/02 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L10/12

Abstract: Alfalfa extract is used as a fuel additive to enhance combustion characteristics of carbonaceous fuels. Among the observed beneficial characteristics are reductions in the level of common pollutants emitted during combustion. The alfalfa extract is dissolved in a naphthenic hydrocarbon and then mixed with a carrier solvent to provide the final fuel additive which is added directly to a wide variety of carbonaceous fuels. Polyethoxylated castor oil surfactants and alkyl nitrate cetane boosters are also used in conjunction with the alfalfa extract to provide enhanced combustion characteristics and reductions in pollutant emissions.

Abstract translation: 苜蓿提取物用作燃料添加剂以增强碳质燃料的燃烧特性。 观察到的有益特征之一是燃烧过程中排放的常见污染物水平的降低。 将苜蓿提取物溶解在环烷烃中，然后与载体溶剂混合以提供直接加入到各种碳质燃料中的最终燃料添加剂。 聚乙氧基化蓖麻油表面活性剂和烷基硝酸盐十六烷增效剂也与苜蓿提取物结合使用，以提供增强的燃烧特性和减少污染物排放。

公开(公告)号：US5525516B1

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US31538694

申请日：1994-09-30

Applicant: EASTMAN CHEM CO

Inventor： KRUTAK JAMES J ,  CUSHMAN MICHAEL R ,  WEAVER MAX A

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10M171/00 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: C10L1/003 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/233 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/2406 ,  C10L1/2412 ,  C10L1/2418 ,  C10L1/2431 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/245 ,  C10L1/2456 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/308 ,  C10M171/007 ,  G01N33/2882 ,  Y10T436/13

Abstract: This invention provides a method for imparting invisible markings for identification purposes to petroleum hydrocarbons by incorporating one or more infrared fluorescing compounds therein. Certain infrared fluorophores from the classes of squaraines (derived from squaric acid), phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines are useful in providing invisibly marked petroleum hydrocarbons such as crude oil, lubricating oils, waxes, gas oil (furnace oil), diesel oil, kerosene and in particular gasoline. The near infrared fluorophores are added to the hydrocarbons at extremely low levels and are detected by exposing the marked hydrocarbon compositions to near infrared radiation having a wavelength in the 670-850 nm range and then detecting the emitted fluorescent light via near infrared light detection means.

公开(公告)号：US5693106A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-02

申请号：US372188

申请日：1995-01-13

Applicant: Jeremy D. Peter-Hoblyn ,  Barry N. Sprague ,  James M. Valentine

Inventor： Jeremy D. Peter-Hoblyn ,  Barry N. Sprague ,  James M. Valentine

IPC: C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/02 ,  F01N3/20

CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L10/02 ,  F01N3/206 ,  C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1225 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/1241 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1266 ,  C10L1/1275 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1691 ,  C10L1/1802 ,  C10L1/1814 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1828 ,  C10L1/1832 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1855 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1886 ,  C10L1/1888 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/23 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/2493 ,  C10L1/2641 ,  C10L1/2683 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/306

Abstract: Platinum group metal fuel additives are effective in fuel environments which make the exclusion of water impractical. The fuels additives comprise a platinum group metal compound and a water-functional composition selected from the group consisting of lipophilic emulsifiers, lipophilic organic compounds in which water is miscible and mixtures of these. The additives are preferably effective in fuel compositions having water contents of at least about 0.01% water by weight.

Abstract translation: 铂族金属燃料添加剂在燃料环境中有效，排除了水不切实际。 燃料添加剂包括铂族金属化合物和选自亲脂性乳化剂，亲水性有机化合物和水的混合物的水性功能组合物。 添加剂优选在具有至少约0.01重量％水含量的燃料组合物中有效。

公开(公告)号：US5637118A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-10

申请号：US268594

申请日：1994-06-30

Applicant: Norman S. Bornstein ,  Hilton A. Roth ,  Roscoe A. Pike

Inventor： Norman S. Bornstein ,  Hilton A. Roth ,  Roscoe A. Pike

IPC: C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L1/18

CPC classification number: C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/1225 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L10/04

Abstract: A corrosion inhibited fuel mixture includes a hydrocarbon fuel, at least one vanadium composition, and a yttrium composition. The concentration of the yttrium composition in the mixture provides at least a stoichiometric amount of yttrium for a substantially complete reaction between the yttrium and V.sub.2 O.sub.5 formed from the vanadium composition when the mixture is burned. The yttrium and V.sub.2 O.sub.5 react to form YVO.sub.4. One particular yttrium composition useful as a hydrocarbon fuel soluble, water stable vanadium corrosion inhibitor incorporates a yttrium ester having at least four carbon atoms and a hydrocarbon fuel soluble chelating agent that includes 2,4-pentanediene. The complex has a molar ratio of 2,4-pentanediene to yttrium of up to 5:1.

Abstract translation: 腐蚀抑制燃料混合物包括烃燃料，至少一种钒组合物和钇组合物。 当混合物燃烧时，混合物中钇组合物的浓度提供至少化学计量的钇，用于在由钒组合物形成的钇和V 2 O 5之间基本上完全的反应。 钇和V2O5反应形成YVO4。 可用作烃燃料可溶的水稳定性钒腐蚀抑制剂的一种特定的钇组合物包含具有至少四个碳原子的钇酯和包含2,4-戊二烯的烃燃料可溶性螯合剂。 络合物的2,4-戊二烯与钇的摩尔比高达5:1。

公开(公告)号：US5501714A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-26

申请号：US403365

申请日：1995-03-14

Applicant: James M. Valentine ,  Jeremy D. Peter-Hoblyn

Inventor： James M. Valentine ,  Jeremy D. Peter-Hoblyn

IPC: F01N3/10 ,  B01D53/94 ,  B01J31/22 ,  C07F15/00 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L3/00 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/06 ,  F01N3/023 ,  F01N3/029 ,  F01N3/035 ,  F01N3/037 ,  F01N3/20 ,  F01N3/24 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B51/02 ,  F02D19/12 ,  F02D41/00

CPC classification number: B01D53/944 ,  B01J23/42 ,  B01J37/086 ,  C07F15/0033 ,  C07F15/006 ,  C07F15/0073 ,  C07F15/0086 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1814 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/328 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/06 ,  C10L3/003 ,  F01N3/023 ,  F01N3/029 ,  F01N3/035 ,  F01N3/037 ,  F01N3/206 ,  F02B51/02 ,  F02D19/12 ,  B01D2255/102 ,  B01D2255/906 ,  B01D2258/012 ,  B01J2231/70 ,  B01J2531/72 ,  B01J2531/82 ,  B01J2531/822 ,  B01J2531/824 ,  B01J2531/828 ,  B01J2531/842 ,  B01J31/1805 ,  B01J31/20 ,  B01J31/2234 ,  B01J31/2295 ,  C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1225 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/1241 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1266 ,  C10L1/1275 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1691 ,  C10L1/1802 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1828 ,  C10L1/1832 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1855 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1886 ,  C10L1/1888 ,  C10L1/189 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2227 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/2286 ,  C10L1/23 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/2493 ,  C10L1/2641 ,  C10L1/2683 ,  C10L1/306 ,  F01N2430/04 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/0427 ,  Y02T10/126

Abstract: The invention provides a method employing a fuel additive to improve the operation of a pass-through oxidation catalyst over long periods of time with continued catalytic activity and without the undesirable conversion of SO.sub.2 to SO.sub.3. A pass-through catalyst support is continuously, selectively catalyzed by the combustion of a fuel containing a platinum group metal composition which burns to release the catalyst metal in active form. The effectiveness of the process is attributed to improved combustion in the engine by the catalyst and the treatment of the catalytic oxidizer with active catalyst metal released during combustion such that, in the exhaust system, the soluble organic fraction of the particulates and the levels of gaseous unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are significantly reduced. The catalysts conditioned by the present invention cause minimal conversion of SO.sub.2 to SO.sub.3. The platinum group metal compositions soluble or dispersible in the diesel fuel and are added in amounts effective to provide concentrations of the metal in the fuel of less than 1 part per million (ppm).

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种使用燃料添加剂的方法，其长期持续催化活性并且不会不期望地将SO 2转化为SO 3来改善直通氧化催化剂的操作。 通过燃烧包含燃烧以释放活性形式的催化剂金属的铂族金属组合物的燃料来连续选择性催化直通催化剂载体。 该方法的有效性是由于催化剂在发动机中的燃烧改善以及在燃烧期间释放的活性催化剂金属对催化氧化剂的处理使得在排气系统中颗粒的可溶性有机部分和气态 未燃碳氢化合物和一氧化碳显着降低。 由本发明调理的催化剂导致SO 2转化为最少的SO 3。 铂族金属组合物可溶于或分散在柴油中，并以有效提供燃料中金属浓度小于百万分之一（ppm）的量加入。

公开(公告)号：US5482522A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-09

申请号：US175700

申请日：1993-12-30

Applicant: Richard E. Cherpeck

Inventor： Richard E. Cherpeck

IPC: C07C69/732 ,  C07C69/84 ,  C07C69/88 ,  C08G65/32 ,  C08K5/07 ,  C08K5/16 ,  C08L71/02 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/182 ,  C10L1/183 ,  C10L1/192 ,  C10L1/195 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/222 ,  C10L1/234 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L10/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/2225 ,  C07C69/88 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/221 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1905 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/305

Abstract: Mannich condensation products prepared by the condensation of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl, alkaryl, or an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6 is alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl; R.sub.7 is hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; n is an integer from 5 to 100; and x and y are each independently an integer from 0 to 10;with an aldehyde and a nitrogen base selected from ammonia, lower alkylamine, a polyamine and mixtures thereof.The condensation products and their fuel soluble salts are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

Abstract translation: 通过下式化合物缩合制备的曼尼期缩合产物：其中R 1是氢，羟基，低级烷基或低级烷氧基; R3和R4独立地是氢或低级烷基; R 5是氢，烷基，苯基，芳烷基，烷芳基或下式的酰基：其中R 6是烷基，苯基，芳烷基或烷芳基; R7是氢，羟基，低级烷基或低级烷氧基; n为5〜100的整数。 且x和y各自独立地为0至10的整数; 其中醛和氮碱选自氨，低级烷基胺，多胺及其混合物。 缩合产物及其燃料可溶性盐可用作预防和控制发动机沉积物的燃料添加剂。

公开(公告)号：US5358651A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

申请号：US626812

申请日：1990-12-13

Applicant: Reed H. Walsh

Inventor： Reed H. Walsh

IPC: C07D207/40 ,  C07D207/412 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10M133/16 ,  C10M133/56 ,  C10M167/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/2383 ,  C07D207/412 ,  C10L1/221 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10M133/16 ,  C10M133/56 ,  C10M159/16 ,  C10M167/00 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2227 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/233 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/2456 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/306 ,  C10M2203/1006 ,  C10M2205/024 ,  C10M2205/04 ,  C10M2205/06 ,  C10M2209/084 ,  C10M2209/086 ,  C10M2215/04 ,  C10M2215/042 ,  C10M2215/06 ,  C10M2215/064 ,  C10M2215/065 ,  C10M2215/066 ,  C10M2215/067 ,  C10M2215/068 ,  C10M2215/08 ,  C10M2215/082 ,  C10M2215/086 ,  C10M2215/12 ,  C10M2215/122 ,  C10M2215/22 ,  C10M2215/221 ,  C10M2215/225 ,  C10M2215/226 ,  C10M2215/24 ,  C10M2215/26 ,  C10M2215/28 ,  C10M2215/30 ,  C10M2217/028 ,  C10M2217/046 ,  C10M2217/06 ,  C10M2219/02 ,  C10M2219/022 ,  C10M2219/046 ,  C10M2223/045 ,  C10M2229/02 ,  C10M2229/04 ,  C10M2229/041 ,  C10M2229/042 ,  C10M2229/043 ,  C10M2229/044 ,  C10M2229/045 ,  C10M2229/046 ,  C10M2229/047 ,  C10M2229/048 ,  C10M2229/05 ,  C10M2229/051 ,  C10M2229/052 ,  C10M2229/053 ,  C10M2229/054 ,  C10N2210/01 ,  C10N2210/02 ,  C10N2230/04 ,  C10N2230/08 ,  C10N2230/54 ,  C10N2240/00 ,  C10N2240/02 ,  C10N2240/06 ,  C10N2240/08 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  C10N2240/101 ,  C10N2240/102 ,  C10N2240/103 ,  C10N2240/104 ,  C10N2240/105 ,  C10N2240/106 ,  C10N2240/12 ,  C10N2240/121 ,  C10N2240/14 ,  C10N2240/22 ,  C10N2240/30 ,  C10N2240/40 ,  C10N2240/50 ,  C10N2240/52 ,  C10N2240/54 ,  C10N2240/56 ,  C10N2240/58 ,  C10N2240/60 ,  C10N2240/66 ,  C10N2260/02 ,  C10N2260/06 ,  C10N2260/09 ,  C10N2270/02

Abstract: Succinimide derivatives represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of M, ##STR2## wherein R is a hydrocarbon-based group containing from about 8 up to about 35 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group containing up to 8 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 is a hydrocarbon-based group containing up to about 28 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon-based group containing up to about 25 carbon atoms; and M is a metal cation.

Abstract translation: 其中X选自M，其中R是含有基团的基于烃的基团，其中X是选自下列的基团： 约8至约35个碳原子，R 1和R 2各自独立地为氢或含有至多8个碳原子的烷基; R4是含有至多约28个碳原子的烃基; R4和R5各自独立地为氢或含有至多约25个碳原子的烃基; M是金属阳离子。

公开(公告)号：US5118875A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

申请号：US595228

申请日：1990-10-10

Applicant: David J. Martella ,  John J. Jaruzelski ,  Frank J. Chen

Inventor： David J. Martella ,  John J. Jaruzelski ,  Frank J. Chen

IPC: C08G8/04 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10M145/20 ,  C10M151/04

CPC classification number: C10L1/1981 ,  C08G8/04 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/2493 ,  C10M145/20 ,  C10M151/04 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/165 ,  C10L1/1658 ,  C10L1/1666 ,  C10L1/1814 ,  C10L1/1828 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1886 ,  C10L1/189 ,  C10L1/1963 ,  C10L1/1966 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/207 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/2364 ,  C10L1/2368 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/2412 ,  C10L1/2425 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/2481 ,  C10L1/265 ,  C10L1/2691 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/303 ,  C10M2209/101 ,  C10M2221/00 ,  C10M2221/041 ,  C10N2240/02 ,  C10N2240/04 ,  C10N2240/042 ,  C10N2240/044 ,  C10N2240/046 ,  C10N2240/08 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  C10N2240/101 ,  C10N2240/102 ,  C10N2240/103 ,  C10N2240/104 ,  C10N2240/106

Abstract: Additives of improving the low temperature flow properties and oxidative stability of hydrocarbon oils are disclosed, which comprise the alkylation of a phenol in the presence of a polar aprotic cosolvent to produce an essentially linear alkylated phenol which is condensed with an aldehyde to produce the low temperature flow improver wherein:(a) the polymer composition has a number average molecular weight of at least about 3,000 and a molecular weight distribution of at least about 1.5;(b) in the alkylated phenol reactant the alkyl groups (i) are essentially linear; (ii) have between 6 and 50 carbon atoms; and (iii) have an average number of carbon atoms between about 12 and 26; and(c) not more than about 10 mole percent of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have less than 12 carbon atoms and not more than about 10 mole percent of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have more than 26 carbon atoms. The additives may also be produced in a branched backbone form in which monomer reactants are copolymerized with certain tri- or tetrafunctional comonomers. Blends of these additives with various hydrocarbon oils, and particularly various middle distillates and lubricating oil compositions, whose low temperature flow properties and oxidative stability are significantly improved thereby, are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了改进烃油的低温流动性能和氧化稳定性的添加剂，其包括在极性非质子共溶剂存在下苯酚的烷基化以产生基本上线性的烷基化苯酚，其与醛缩合以产生低温 流动改进剂，其中：（a）聚合物组合物具有至少约3,000的数均分子量和至少约1.5的分子量分布; （b）在烷基化酚反应物中，烷基（i）基本上是线性的; （ii）具有6至50个碳原子; 和（iii）平均碳原子数在约12和26之间; 和（c）不超过约10摩尔％的烷基化苯酚上的烷基具有小于12个碳原子，不超过约10摩尔％的烷基化苯酚上的烷基具有多于26个碳原子。 添加剂也可以以支链骨架形式制备，其中单体反应物与某些三官能或四官能团共聚单体共聚。 还公开了这些添加剂与各种烃油的混合物，特别是各种中间馏分和润滑油组合物，其低温流动性能和氧化稳定性由此显着提高。