US07827614B2
The present invention provides a system and method for automatically hiding sensitive information, obtainable from a process table, from other processes that should not access the sensitive information. The system and method include a sensitive command attribute table that is used by a system administrator to designate the commands and command attributes that will typically be associated with sensitive information. The sensitive command attribute table is used when a command is entered that requests information from the process table to be displayed or output. In response, a search of the process table entries is made to determine if a command and/or its attribute in the process table matches an entry in the sensitive command attribute table. If so, the command, its attributes, and/or its attribute values are blanked from the output of the process table information.
US07827603B1
A system and method whereby an unregistered, anonymous user at an organization's website makes a submission/inquiry and is able to access a secure response containing private information without pre-registering or establishing an account with the organization. A response to the user is made via an unsecured e-mail notification that provides the user with an HTTPS link to an authentication page. The user then enters his/her user identification, for example, the user email address and password which was associated with the original submission/inquiry. Once the email address and password is authenticated, the secure response message is displayed on the user's web browser in SSL. Each response is provided on a per-submission basis.
US07827599B2
A system and method for provisioning digital certificates. An automated provisioning engine receives notification of a need to provision a user with a digital certificate. The engine electronically instructs the user to obtain a digital certificate. When obtained, the user responds by forwarding the certificate. The engine then electronically instructs a trusted or provisioned user to verify that the user obtained the digital certificate. The trusted user verifies this, and may obtain the user's certificate or a fingerprint of the certificate to include in a response to the provisioner's instructions. If verified, and if the certificate or fingerprint matches the certificate provided by the user, the user's digital certificate is then activated, to allow it to represent the user in public key transactions.
US07827598B2
Access Control Lists control permitted actions on protected network computer system resources by providing an access control policy associated with the requested protected system resource containing a permission list of permitted identities and at least one action group tag with associated action indicators; reusing a finite quantity of action indicators among a plurality of action group tags to control a number of unique permissions less than or equal to the product of the quantity of allowable action indicators and a quantity of allowable action group tags; evaluating the permission list according to a specific permission definition associated with the action group tag, the permission definition providing a correlation between members of a set of action indicators; and granting authorization to perform actions on the requested protected system resource to the requesting user if the access control policy permission list includes an appropriate action indicator correlated to an action group tag.
US07827588B2
According to one embodiment, video image and audio signals are transmitted to a plurality of electronic devices each having at least one of a video image display function and an audio reproducing function. Information indicating the fact that at least one of a video image and audio has been set in a mute state is acquired from each of the electronic devices. Based on the information, a processing operation is applied to the video image and audio signals supplied to each of the electronic devices.
US07827586B1
A unified system of programming communication. The system encompasses the prior art (television, radio, broadcast hardcopy, computer communications, etc.) and new user specific mass media. Within the unified system, parallel processing computer systems, each having an input (e.g., 77) controlling a plurality of computers (e.g., 205), generate and output user information at receiver stations. Under broadcast control, local computers (73, 205), combine user information selectively into prior art communications to exhibit personalized mass media programming at video monitors (202), speakers (263), printers (221), etc. At intermediate transmission stations (e.g., cable television stations), signals in network broadcasts and from local inputs (74, 77, 97, 98) cause control processors (71) and computers (73) to selectively automate connection and operation of receivers (53), recorder/players (76), computers (73), generators (82), strippers (81), etc. At receiver stations, signals in received transmissions and from local inputs (225, 218, 22) cause control processors (200) and computers (205) to automate connection and operation of converters (201), tuners (215), decryptors (224), recorder/players (217), computers (205), furnaces (206), etc. Processors (71, 200) meter and monitor availability and usage of programming.
US07827585B2
An interactive television program guide system with digital storage is provided. The program guide gives users the ability to store information associated with recorded programs in a directory in the digital storage device thereby providing easy access to program information. The program guide may also provide a global media library for indicating the programs stored on removable storage media used with the program guide. The guide may also allow the user to manage and maintain a user media library to do the same. Non-time-sensitive data associated with recorded programs may be stored in a way that allows the user to interact with the data on playback as if the program were being originally aired. The program guide also allows the user to define “super-programs” for playback of a sequence of stored programs or program segments.
US07827584B2
A method and system that reduces the impact of packet loss on video data quality. Packet selection is performed by the method and system to selectively drop low priority packets so that the overall quality of the received video data may be improved. In one exemplary embodiment, the probability of higher priority layers being delivered on time is computed and a packet is transmitted only if this probability is greater than a given threshold h. In another exemplary embodiment, the system and method have the capability of backing up the process to transmit previously skipped packets, if time allows.
US07827577B2
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for providing and obtaining product information through a broadcast signal. In this present invention, information identifying a product item, which is in a scene to be presented from a broadcast signal, is provided together with a broadcast signal, then a signal receiving terminal stores the product information for a new product item and displays the stored information to a viewer to select one product item while or after watching an interesting broadcast program, and transmits data identifying a selected product item to a predetermined web site and receives web site address for the selected item from that site. As a result, derailed information for the selected item is acquired from a server addressed by the received web site address.
US07827576B2
A unique session identifier may be utilized to announce the availability of an electronic programming guide to users of an enhanced television distribution system. In some embodiments, the unique session identifier may be utilized in a variety of systems to provide a uniform way of recognizing the availability of an electronic programming guide in conjunction with enhanced television distribution systems.
US07827575B2
Even when a user leaves from a TV apparatus or enjoys audio-visual contents by another reached TV apparatus, the user can enjoy the left audio-visual contents without being embarrassed in operating the reached TV apparatus. A configuration is set up by having leaving information detection means for detecting the leaving information form the user, storage means for storing the image data after detecting the leaving information, and transmission means for transmitting said image data to the reached TV apparatus of the user so that the user is allowed to enjoy the left audio-visual contents and the like in the left TV apparatus by the reached TV apparatus.
US07827572B2
A disk-clamping device includes a plurality of clamp pawls which project and pull in through a plurality of windows 6c formed on a turntable; a rotating and elevating member which, when it goes up, causes the clamp pawls to project and rotate through the windows, and, when it goes down, causes the clamp pawls to pull in into the windows; an urging member which pushes up and urges the rotating and elevating member; and clamp-releasing levers which move the rotating and elevating member in a direction of pushing down the member and in a direction of releasing the push down against an urging force; and the clamp-releasing levers being arranged to be driven by power of a driving source moving the mounting system of the turntable to a reproducing position and a retracted position.
US07827566B2
A method, apparatus, and system are provided for a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for monitoring classloading references. In an embodiment, the GUI includes a graphical representation of one or more resources of an application server. The one or more resources may be selectable via, for example, a cursor control device. In an embodiment, a graphical representation of a selected class loader and one or more associated classloading references are displayed in the GUI, responsive to receiving a selection input specifying one of the displayed resources.
US07827563B2
A system for enabling client software applications to interface with peripheral devices over a network. An application connection layer interfaces with a programming language of a client software application. A simple object access protocol (SOAP) client processor communicates with the application connection layer and a client software application using the application connection layer. The SOAP client processor includes an eXtensible mark-up language (XML) processor for converting data provided in XML format to a form usable by the client software application. A transport layer for interfaces with the SOAP processor and peripheral devices connected to the network.
US07827556B2
Computing resources shared by local and network filesystems may be used to maximum capacity by a single application, or equitably shared by multiple applications under heavy load. A portion of the resources are set aside for local filesystem use and a small number is reserved for each network filesystem. The remaining resources may be used by either local or network filesystems. An enforcement limit puts a ceiling on the number of resources that can be used by a single network filesystem. When the enforcement limit is applied to a filesystem, the number of executing resource acquisition requests from that filesystem is reduced, by completion of the requests, to the reserved number of resources for that filesystem before any more resources acquisition requests from that filesystem are executed.
US07827555B2
A system and method for scheduling a thread identifies runnable threads based on precycle signals determined before the scheduling cycle. The thread indexes of the runnable threads are grouped according to the thread priorities of the runnable threads, and the thread indexes are ranked within each group. The runnable threads that will be runnable in the next scheduling cycle are identified based on same cycle signals determined during the scheduling cycle. The highest ranked thread index of the runnable threads that will also be runnable in the next scheduling cycle is selected as the scheduled thread. In another configuration, a round robin ranking and a priority ranking are determined for the thread indexes. The thread indexes are then ranked according to the round robin ranking and the priority ranking and the highest ranked thread index of a runnable thread is selected as the scheduled thread.
US07827551B2
An embodiment of the present invention is a technique to provide a real-time threading service to an application in a multi-core environment. An executive is launched, within a most privilege level of an operating system (OS), on a real-time core in the multi-core environment. The real-time core is sequestered from the OS. A real-time thread is created in a least privilege level on the real-time core for an application using a library. The library is loaded by the application. The real-time thread shares a virtual address space with the application.
US07827545B2
A network in which remediation is provided to keep protective software in network clients up-to-date. As network clients connect to an access control server, the clients provide status information concerning their protective software. The access server determines whether the clients comply with a quarantine enforcement policy. Clients that comply with the policy are granted access to the network. Those that do not comply with the quarantine enforcement policy are either denied access or given limited access to the network for purposes of remediation. When the access control server denies access to a client, it determines remediation steps required to bring the client into compliance with the quarantine enforcement policy. This remediation information is communicated to the client to facilitate remediation of the client on either an automated or a manual basis. The remediation information may be communicated in the form of an address from which the client may obtain software updates, executable software, human-usable information or both remediation information.
US07827543B1
Data address profiling allows determination of sources of code execution hindrance with different perspectives of memory references and allows correlation of sampled runtime events and memory reference objects, such as cache lines. Associating sampled runtime events with data addresses provides for efficient and targeted optimization of code with respect to data addresses and physical and/or logical memory reference objects (e.g., memory segments, heap variables, variable instances, stack variables, etc.). An instruction instance is identified in relation to a sampled runtime event. A data address is determined from the instruction instance. From the determined address, a memory reference object is ascertained.
US07827540B2
A method for program debugging includes setting a plurality of breakpoints corresponding to a plurality of events in an implementation under test, executing the implementation under test for outputting a diagnosis code of a breakpoint, resetting a parameter of the event corresponding to the diagnosis code, and executing the event according to the reset parameter for making the event undergo an error handler. The method helps execute functions of error handlers and execute a test completely.
US07827527B1
The present invention discloses a system, method and program code product for efficient component-based application development. Presentation code of a container component is generated by an integrated-components code generator (ICCG), which uses the class objects of component code generators (CCGs) as subcomponents. The CCGs, as standalone components, can generate the presentation code of the subcomponents by their code-generating method (CGM) during execution. The ICCG assemble and integrate the subcomponents' presentation code in run time and fill in the code necessary to establish communication between any two of subcomponents in the resultant web application code.
US07827526B2
A method and computer program product for adding additional functionality to a graphical control for use in a computer program. The method requires providing a graphical control that is displayable on a display device where the graphical control has at least one associated input or one associated output. Initially, the graphical control does not have an associated function. A user can then select a function from a list of functions to associate with the graphical control. The list of functions is associated with computer code for implementing the functions on a particular digital signal processor. The computer system determines whether a new input or output needs to be added to the graphical control based upon a selected function from the list of functions. The computer system also determines if the graphical control should be stacked or repeated. A plurality of functions may be associated with a single graphical control. In certain embodiments, a plurality of different digital signal processors is associated with a single graphical control.
US07827521B2
When a design diagram of the semiconductor device by a conventional CAD tool is used, a pattern which can be formed with the ink-jet apparatus is limited; therefore, there is a possibility that some circuits of the desired semiconductor device cannot be formed as they are designed. A plurality of basic patterns which can be obtained by discharging with the ink-jet apparatus are prepared, and layout of a desired integrated circuit is performed by combining the patterns. A light-exposure mask is formed based on the layout obtained. Light exposure is performed using the light-exposure mask. Then, development is performed, and the resist film remains in the light-exposed region of which width is narrower than the diameter of the droplet landed. Liquid repellent treatment is performed to an exposed portion on the surface, and then the material droplet is dropped over the resist film. Discharging is selectively performed by a droplet discharging method to form a wiring of which width is narrower than the dot diameter.
US07827517B1
A system for designing an integrated circuit is provided. The system includes a plurality of class databases having register information extracted from a register entry tool. A system integration tool is used to integrate the register information from each of the class databases into a system database. The system integration tool essentially consolidates the class databases and maintains a base address for the various components. A system application module includes a number of application tools, which may be referred to as generators. The application tools include, among other tools, a document generator tool, a hardware description language (HDL) generator, a hardware abstraction layer (HAL) generator, and a test framework. A method of designing a circuit is also provided.
US07827516B1
A method and system are described to group logic terms at a higher level of abstraction than that found using standard cells to implement the logic functions using a reduced number of transistors, and to reduce the total number of unique geometry patterns needed to create the integrated circuit implementation. By grouping the logic functions in terms of a larger number of literals (logic variable inputs), the functions can be implemented in terms of a number of transistors that is often less and no more than equal to that which is required for implementing the same function with a number of logic primitives, or simpler standard logic cells. The optimized transistor level designs are further optimized and physically constructed to reduce the total number of unique geometry patterns required to implement the integrated circuit.
US07827513B2
A method for identifying and modifying, in a VLSI hierarchical chip design, parent buffer placements which lead to wiring track inefficiencies with respect to data flow and the parent placement area geometry. Parent placement area is reviewed and a subset is categorized and distinguished as either horizontal slots or vertical slots. Buffer to buffer data flow is reviewed for cases where data flow direction is either strongly horizontal or strongly vertical. Situations where buffer to buffer data flow is oriented in the same direction as the parent placement slots in which the buffers reside are reported. Additionally, an attempt is made to find a valid placement location for the buffers excluding parent placement areas oriented in the same direction as the data flow.
US07827511B2
An integrated circuit (51) comprises a power distribution network having a power pad (53) and a ground pad (55) arranged at diagonally opposite corners of the integrated circuit (51). A power bus (67, 69) and a ground bus (71, 73) supply power to circuit elements on the integrated circuit, for example standard cells (61a, 61b) or standard sub-blocks (63). A plurality of decoupling cells (65) are provided on the power distribution network for maintaining a static current flow between the power pad (53) and the ground pad (55). The power bus and ground bus are configured such that the combined length of the power bus and the ground bus is made the same for all circuit elements on the integrated circuit, thereby reducing on chip voltage variation.
US07827499B2
Receiving a hierarchical dataset including child data items that depend directly or indirectly from one or more parent data items. Processing the hierarchical dataset to generate nodes for each data item within the hierarchical dataset, wherein nodes for child data items are generated within nodes for parent data items and aligning nodes representing like data items in a dashboard view.
US07827495B2
A method for changing visual attributes presented by a graphical user interface of a device such as a mobile electronic device by loading onto the device a file containing information for changing selected visual attributes of the interface. A method or compiler for generating or compiling a file that contains information used by a device to change the user interface presented by the device.
US07827494B1
A data-descriptive meta language file, such as XML, is created that defines the layout operation within the visual interface of a component-based application at runtime. At runtime, the application receives a data-descriptive meta language file that defines the layout operation of the various components within the application visual interface. The application parses the data-descriptive meta language file and uses the parsed information to complete the layout and operation of the rendered interface. The runtime application includes functionality that uses selected data to specify unique applications and/or unique content associated with the application.
US07827487B1
One embodiment includes a system for receiving page-specific user feedback concerning a particular web page of a website. The system includes a first icon viewable with the particular web page independent of input from a user subsequent to the user accessing the particular web page. The first icon includes a bar located proximate an edge of the particular web page and having a length that is at least approximately equal to a length of the edge of the particular web page. Substantially all visual content of the particular web page is unobscured by the first icon. A user pointer being placed on the first icon for at least a predefined amount of time causes a second icon to become viewable with the particular web page. The second icon requests the user to select the first icon to provide page-specific user feedback concerning the particular web page. A selection of the first icon causing a feedback window to become viewable to the user. The feedback window solicits feedback from the user.
US07827472B2
The invention relates to an encoding system and method for generating concatenated codes which utilize interleaving and data puncturing. The method includes selecting first and second puncture location sets defining desired puncture locations in non-interleaved and interleaved data sequences, respectively. A puncture-constrained interleaver is provided, which permutes the first puncture location set into the second puncture location set, so as to provide desired regular puncture patterns for all constituent codes. In a preferred embodiment, the puncture-constrained interleaving alters a symbol location relative to a puncture mask so as to satisfy a pre-defined spread or distance constraint.
US07827468B2
A volatile memory has a volatile additional area for storing an error correction code for a nonvolatile memory. Data stored in the nonvolatile memory are transferred to the volatile memory together with the error correction code without making an error correction. Thus, data transfer time from the nonvolatile memory to the volatile memory can be shortened. As a result, it is possible to shorten the time from beginning of the data transfer from the nonvolatile memory to the volatile memory to a point at which data becomes accessible.
US07827459B1
The present invention relates to an improved communications protocol which increases the efficiency of transmission in return channels on a multi-channel slotted Alohas system by incorporating advanced error correction algorithms, selective retransmission protocols and the use of reserved channels to satisfy the retransmission requests.
US07827456B2
The present invention provides an error correcting method and apparatus for correcting errors in content. In accordance with a method embodiment, a method is provided for correcting errors in content, comprising, determining the types of the errors; sending a download request over a network for downloading error correcting information according to the type of the errors; receiving the error correcting information from the server; and correcting errors with the correcting information. In accordance with an apparatus embodiment, an error correcting apparatus is provided for correcting errors in the content, comprising a controlling means, a sending means and a receiving means, wherein the controlling means is used to determine the type of errors and to correct the errors with the error correcting information received by the receiving means; the sending means is used to send a download request for downloading the respective error correcting information according to the type of errors; and the receiving means is used to receive the error correcting information.
US07827450B1
A memory system includes a first parameter estimation module that receives pilot signals that are generated based on pilot data stored in a memory. The first parameter estimate module generates a first estimate of a signal quality value associated with a block of the memory based on reference pilot information. A second parameter estimation module generates a second estimate of the signal quality value based on the first estimate and user data signals that are generated based on user data stored in the memory. A processing module generates recovered user data based on the second estimate.
US07827449B2
Non-inline transaction error correction is disclosed. Where a transaction being processed in a pipeline is determined to include a correctable error, it is output, or drained, from the pipeline into an error queue. The pipeline is switched from a normal mode of operation to a correction mode of operation. In the correction mode, a correction command is inserted into and processed within the pipeline to correct the error within the transaction. The pipeline is switched from the correction mode of operation to a restart mode of operation. In the restart mode, the transaction is reprocessed within the pipeline. The pipeline is then switched from the restart mode of operation back to the normal mode of operation.
US07827447B2
A computerized method, program product, and an autonomic data processing system for archiving real-time log data immediately upon the occurrence of an event. An application is executing and a logging application is obtaining real-time log data. The real-time log data is temporarily retained in a memory and when the memory fills, the real-time log data is archived to a longer-term memory. Upon archival, selected parameters of the real-time log data is saved. When an event occurs that is considered significant meaning that an aspect of the data processing system is impacted by or is indicative of the event, an information level module immediately adjusts the level of information of the selected parameters archived to the longer-term memory, allowing for selected levels to be retained for future analysis. As part of an autonomic computer system, the information levels can be adjusted for learning about specific events and the behavior of the data processing system.
US07827441B1
A disk-less quorum device in a clustered storage system includes non-volatile memory to store status information regarding the cluster and each storage controller in the cluster. The quorum device maintains a bitmap, shared by the controllers in the cluster, in the non-volatile memory. The bitmap indicates the status of a write operation to any data block or parity block. A “dirty” data unit in the bitmap indicates that a write operation has been submitted but is not yet finished. Upon submitting a write request (to update a data block or a parity block) to the storage facility, a controller sets the corresponding data unit “dirty” in the bitmap. After receiving an acknowledgement from the storage facility indicating that the operation has been completed, the controller clears the corresponding data unit. If a controller fails during a write operation, another controller can use the bitmap to re-establish data consistency.
US07827430B2
An integrated circuit (IC) includes a clock circuit, a processing module, and processing circuitry. The clock circuit is coupled to produce a digital clock signal. The processing module is coupled to determine whether a harmonic component of the digital clock signal having a nominal digital clock rate is within the frequency passband and to provide an indication to the clock circuit to adjust its rate from the nominal digital clock rate to an adjusted digital clock rate when the harmonic component of the digital clock signal is within the frequency passband. The processing circuitry is coupled to process, at the adjusted digital clock rate, the data to produce processed data having a rate corresponding to the nominal digital clock rate and to interpolate, at an interpolation rate, the processed data to produce interpolated processed data having a rate corresponding to the interpolation rate.
US07827414B2
A library of a PC is easily synchronized with recorded contents of a disc loaded into a recording and reproducing apparatus (PD). The PC has a dynamic group and a database. Contents of the dynamic group are, dynamically changed. The dynamic group is correlated with the ID of the disc on which the contents of the dynamic group have been recorded. When the CP and the PD are connected, the ID of the disc loaded into the PD is read. The database is referenced for the ID of the disc. When there is a corresponding dynamic group, the dynamic group is compared with the recorded contents of the disc. Contents that exist in the dynamic group and that do not exist on the disc are checked out to the disc. In contrast, contents that exist on the disc and that do not exist in the dynamic group are checked in to the PC. In addition, the reproduction order of contents of the dynamic group is reflected to contents of the disc. The user can synchronize the recorded contents of the disc with the library of the PC only by connecting the PC and the PD.
US07827401B2
We propose new systems for certificate revocation that are more economical and efficient than traditional ones. We also point out what we believe to be a structural problem in traditional public-key infrastructures, and various ways to solve it.
US07827400B2
A system and method for establishing a mutually authenticated secure link between a mobile platform system and a remote system is provided. An onboard computer system (OCS) generates a dynamic certificate and digitally signs the dynamic certificate with a static certificate. The dynamic certificate is transmitted to a remote central computer system (CCS). The CCS verifies that the dynamic certificate is from a trusted source and sends a return dynamic certificate electronically signed with the static certificate to the OCS. The OCS verifies the return dynamic certificate is from the CCS, thereby establishing a mutually authenticated secure link between the OCS and the CCS.
US07827391B2
An apparatus and method are disclosed for single-stepping coherence events in a multiprocessor system under software control in order to monitor the behavior of a memory coherence mechanism. Single-stepping coherence events in a multiprocessor system is made possible by adding one or more step registers. By accessing these step registers, one or more coherence requests are processed by the multiprocessor system. The step registers determine if the snoop unit will operate by proceeding in a normal execution mode, or operate in a single-step mode.
US07827387B1
A system-on-chip (SOC) includes a processor, a controller module for a hard disk drive, and a communication bus that provides a communication link between the processor and the controller module. The communication bus includes a multiplexer that includes an output and an input that receives data from a selected one of N registers associated with the controller module and propagates the data to the output, M address registers that store addresses of up to M ones of the N registers, M data registers that receive pre-fetch data that corresponds to the data from the output from the M ones of the N registers, and a second multiplexer that includes a second output and that reads the pre-fetch data from the M data registers and propagates the pre-fetch data to the second output. M and N are positive integers greater than two and N is greater than M.
US07827383B2
In one embodiment, a processor comprises execution circuitry and a translation lookaside buffer (TLB) coupled to the execution circuitry. The execution circuitry is configured to execute a store instruction having a data operand; and the execution circuitry is configured to generate a virtual address as part of executing the store instruction. The TLB is coupled to receive the virtual address and configured to translate the virtual address to a first physical address. Additionally, the TLB is coupled to receive the data operand and to translate the data operand to a second physical address. A hardware accelerator is also contemplated in various embodiments, as is a processor coupled to the hardware accelerator, a method, and a computer readable medium storing instruction which, when executed, implement a portion of the method.
US07827379B1
A technique to implement an integrated multidimensional sorter is to store data such that it may be retrieved in a sorted fashion. Entries are stored into a memory according to time stamp value, and the time stamp value is divided into multiple portions. The memory is organized as a pointer memory. An integrated multidimensional sorter may be implemented using integrated circuit technology using one or more integrated circuits. These integrated circuits may be used in management of network traffic, and provides quality of service (QoS) control.
US07827377B2
A method is described for reading out sensor data from an intermediate memory written by at least one sensor to the intermediate memory at a data-transfer rate (Tpas). A sampling rate (Tsg) is selected in such a way as to avoid an overflow of the intermediate memory and all buffered sensor data is read into a control unit memory at the predetermined sampling rate (Tsg), the intermediate memory generating a message (RBE) if no new sensor data is present in the intermediate memory at the time of sampling.
US07827373B2
A method includes executing one or more applications in an execution environment. The one or more applications are capable of requesting allocation of memory during execution. The method also includes allocating a plurality of memory blocks in a heap to the one or more executing applications. The plurality of memory blocks are allocated sequentially in the heap to the one or more executing applications. In addition, the method includes deallocating the plurality of memory blocks during a single deallocation. Memory blocks in multiple heaps could be allocated to the one or more executing applications. A particular memory block in a particular heap could be allocated to a particular executing application by pushing an indicator identifying the particular heap onto a stack. The particular memory block is allocated in the particular heap based on the indicator, and the indicator is popped from the stack after allocation.
US07827368B2
A system according to this invention converts a full-copy snapshot into a differential snapshot. The system is composed of a storage subsystem and a server subsystem. The storage subsystem comprises a disk drive and a disk controller. The server subsystem comprises an interface, a processor, and a memory. The disk controller provides storage areas of the disk drive as logical volumes, and stores a differential block bitmap. The processor obtains the differential block bitmap, and identifies a block from the differential block bitmap. The processor obtains, from a full-copy snapshot volume, differential data that is stored in the identified block. The processor stores the obtained differential data in a differential volume. The processor stores, in differential block arrangement information, the location of the differential data stored in the differential volume.
US07827365B2
A system to locate a storage device. The system receives a request for a data item stored on a first and second storage device. The request includes a data identifier for the data item. Next, the system generates a start value and a step value based on the data identifier. Next, the system locates the first storage device utilizing the start value and identifies the first storage device is unavailable. Next, the system locates a second storage device utilizing a backup value that is generated based on the step value and the start value.
US07827360B2
A method and device for locking a cache line of a cache is disclosed. The method includes automatically changing a state of a cache line from a valid locked state to an invalid locked state in response to receiving an indication that a memory location external to the cache and corresponding to the cache line is associated with an access request by a processor or other data access module. Thus, the locked state of a cache line is maintained even after data in the locked cache line is invalidated. By maintaining the invalid locked state, the cache line is not available for reallocation by the cache. This allows locked cache lines that become invalidated to remain locked without additional software overhead to periodically determine whether the lock has been lost due to invalidation of the cache line.
US07827355B1
A data processor (200) includes an instruction cache (220) and a secondary cache (250). The instruction cache (220) has a plurality of cache lines. Each of the plurality of cache lines stores a first plurality of bits (222) corresponding to at least one instruction and a second plurality of bits (224, 226) associated with the execution of the at least one instruction. The secondary cache (250) is coupled to the instruction cache (220) and stores cache lines from the instruction cache (250) by storing the first plurality of bits (222) and a third plurality of bits (255, 257) corresponding to the second plurality of bits (224, 226). The third plurality of bits (255, 257) is fewer in number than the second plurality of bits (224, 226).
US07827342B2
A method reading bank register values is provided. Register values are stored in a readback bank. The register values are output sequentially from the serial bank. An indicator is received by the serial bank. A determination is then made as to whether the indicator was received by the serial bank prior to completion of the outputting of the register values. If the indicator was received prior to completion of the outputting of the register values, the register values are loaded into the serial bank from the readback bank.
US07827338B2
A method and a system of controlling access of data items to a shared resource, wherein the data items each is assigned to one of a plurality of priorities, and wherein, when a predetermined number of data items of a priority have been transmitted to the shared resource, that priority will be awaiting, i.e. no further data items are transmitted with that priority, until all lower, non-awaiting priorities have had one or more data items transmitted to the shared resource. In this manner, guarantees services may be obtained for all priorities.
US07827336B2
Two integrated circuit die each having a processing core and on-board memory are interconnected and packaged together to form a multi-chip module. The first die is considered primary and the second die is considered secondary are connected through an interposer. The first and second die may be the same design and thus have the same resources such as peripherals and memory and preferably have a common system interconnect protocol. The core of the second die is disabled or at least placed in a reduced power mode. The first die includes minimal circuit for interconnecting to the second die. The second die has some required interface circuitry and an address translator. The result is that the core of the first die can perform transactions with the memory and other resources of the second integrated circuit as if the memory and other resources were on the first die.
US07827330B2
Unique addresses for a plurality of devices may be programmed through a single external connection (pin) on each device by using a one of a plurality of different analog voltage or current values on the single external pin in combination with a serial clock of a serial data bus for each device requiring a unique binary address. The unique binary address is stored in the device after detection of certain number of clocks on the serial data bus. Once the unique binary address has been stored in the device, the single external connection may be used for another purpose such as a multifunction external connection. This unique binary address may be retained by the device until a power-on-reset (POR) or general reset condition occurs. Address detection and address load commands on the serial bus may also perform the same address definition and storage functions.
US07827321B2
A measurement sampling facility takes snapshots of the central processing unit (CPU) on which it is executing at specified sampling intervals to collect data relating to tasks executing on the CPU. The collected data is stored in a buffer, and at selected times, an interrupt is provided to remove data from the buffer to enable reuse thereof. The interrupt is not taken after each sample, but in sufficient time to remove the data and minimize data loss.
US07827312B2
A transcoder is adapted to perform transcoding of metadata to enable sharing and consumption of media content at dissimilar devices that are coupled to a home network. The transcoder, which is also coupled to the home network, is adapted to receive media content and metadata from a first media consumption device, to transcode the media content and metadata from a first format to second format, and to supply the transcoded media content and metadata to the second media consumption device in the second format. In one embodiment, the transcoder executes a method by which the transcoder obtains information about the sensing capabilities of a meter adapted to measure media at a media consumption device and subsequently uses that information to transcode the metadata into a format suitable for sensing by the meter.
US07827300B2
The method is for providing free music on the Internet. A server is provided that is connected to a music library. A user visits a website associated with the server d provides a user profile. The user requests a set of songs in a play list. The server receives the requested and requests the songs of the play list from an on-line music library. The server adds commercial messages in connection with the songs. The server streams the songs with the commercial messages embedded therein to the communication device of the user.
US07827297B2
A method for associating segments within various media such as text, audio and video is described. A system for navigating and presenting such media is presented. Additionally, a system for defining the segment locations and the associations between them is presented. A method for assisting the user when specifying the segment boundaries is described, which employs the output from automatic media analysis.
US07827292B2
A network interface unit is provided for use intermediate a LAN and a public or private network, or a combination of both, for establishing secure links to a VPN gateway. Login by a LAN client with the network interface unit, addressing, authentication, and other configuration operations achieved using a web page-based GUI are applied in establishing tunnels from LAN clients to desired VPN destinations. Illustrative network interface units include a DHCP server and provide encryption-decryption and encapsulation-decapsulation of data packets for communication with VPN nodes. Configuration and connection of a client are further enhanced by a built-in DNS server and other functional servers to provide a high degree of autonomy in establishing connections to a desired VPN gateway via an ISP or other public and/or private network links to. The interface unit then performs required authentication exchanges, and required encryption key exchanges.
US07827290B2
A method is provided for creating a portable history data record for a customer by integrating Web cookie data and telephone history data. The method includes the acts (a) retrieving and interpreting the Web cookie data, (b) retrieving and interpreting the telephone history data, (c) combining the data sets into a single data record eliminating redundant data, (d) formatting the data record for human or for machine interpretation, and (e) presenting the formatted data record to a point of service during or just ahead of an associated interaction event.
US07827287B2
A system and method for identifying a communication connection with an interim identifier prior to recognition of an original or previous identifier received via the connection. A first server or server process receives a service request (e.g., for an application, a web page or other data), and associates an original identifier with the request via one or more log entries. The request is forwarded to a second server or server process for additional or final processing. The second server associates an interim identifier with the communication connection established to receive the service request from the first server. The interim identifier is logged with one or more events associated with establishment of the connection and/or receipt and processing of the service request. When the original identifier is read and recognized, the interim identifier is bridged or mapped to the original identifier via a distinct log entry.
US07827285B2
A user can efficiently receive a printing service without a troublesome operation. A request including order information for placing a printing order regarding image data stored in a recorder is sent from a mobile phone to a mobile phone site server together with an identification code of the mobile phone. The mobile phone site server issues an ID, and sends the ID, user information obtained from the identification code, and the order information to a service provision server. The service provision server registers the ID, the user information, and the order information. The ID is also sent to the mobile phone, and the mobile phone sends the ID to the recorder. The recorder sends the image data and the ID to the service provision server. The service provision server relates the image data and the order by using the ID, and prints the image data.
US07827284B2
A method for performing admission control in order to offer assurances on forwarding quality in networks comprising setting a threshold for each link where the threshold defines a maximum sum of forwarding resources requested by applications for their application data flows, ADFs, on the link. The level of the threshold is chosen by utilising knowledge about multiplexing properties of the ADFs on each link and by utilising knowledge about the forwarding resources of the links.
US07827278B2
A network interface unit is provided for use intermediate a LAN and a public or private network, or a combination of both, for establishing secure links to a VPN gateway. Login by a LAN client with the network interface unit, addressing, authentication, and other configuration operations achieved using a web page-based GUI are applied in establishing tunnels from LAN clients to desired VPN destinations. Illustrative network interface units include a DHCP server and provide encryption-decryption and encapsulation-decapsulation of data packets for communication with VPN nodes. Configuration and connection of a client are further enhanced by a built-in DNS server and other functional servers to provide a high degree of autonomy in establishing connections to a desired VPN gateway via an ISP or other public and/or private network links to. The interface unit then performs required authentication exchanges, and required encryption key exchanges.
US07827275B2
A method and system for remote access to a device is provided. This involves establishing a connection between a local device connected in a local network and a remote device via a communication link; sending a message from the local device to the remote device via the communication link, indicating an online status of the local device; and maintaining an online status indication for the local device at the remote device, until arrival of a message indicating an offline status of the local device.
US07827265B2
A method for confirming a request for an association with an organization by a user of a web-based social network is disclosed. In one embodiment, the request includes an e-mail address not controlled by the organization. The request may also be part of an application for membership with the web-based social network. A determination is made whether the request is accepted based at least partially on a specified number of prior requests for association with the organization or being identified as a member of the organization by another user already a member of the organization. The organization may be a high school, a college, a university, a business, a non-profit company, or any other group of people who may desire to associate with each other.
US07827249B2
A linking system automatically sets communication protocol and station numbers for multiple consoles. One console is set as master console and the remaining consoles are set as slave consoles. Each console comprises a serial input end, a serial output end and a master/slave communication end. The serial output end of one slave console is connected to the serial input end of a next console to form a console series, while the master/slave communication ends of all consoles are in parallel connection. The master console sends communication protocol data to all slave consoles to set up the slave consoles. The first slave console generates a serial number of one and sends the serial number to next slave console. The serial number is added by one in the next slave console. This process is performed for each slave console and the final serial number is sent to the master console. Therefore, the maser console identifies the number of slave consoles and can assign station number for the slave consoles.
US07827244B2
Embodiments provide for storing message rules in a serialized global form on a server for transfer of the data between different servers. Message rules include condition and action data structures, wherein at least the action data structures include global identifiers. A client creates a message object that includes an extended rule with the global identifiers, sets a property on the message object used to identify the object as an extended rule, serializes the message object using a code library, and stores the message object on a message server. Upon execution of a message rule, the rule is desterilized using a copy of the code library and translated into server specific for executing the extended rule on received messages.
US07827242B2
The invention provides a system adapted to enable contextual collaboration within a computer network. The invention provides a collaboration manager that supports manipulation of collaboration spaces. The collaboration spaces contain one or more collaboration elements that have potentially different collaboration modalities. The context manager maintains resources and resource interrelationships within contexts. The resources can include collaboration elements, processes, tasks, business objects, users, and/or roles. A view generator selects a set of the resources to be displayed to a user of the computer network. The invention also includes an interface adapted to allow applications to specify commands to manipulate collaboration spaces, commands to maintain resources and resource interrelationships within contexts, and queries for context-sensitive views.
US07827236B2
An incomplete/partly corrupted media file is delivered ‘in the clear’; in addition, a delta file is delivered to users meeting access control criteria which, when combined with the incomplete/partly corrupted parts allows a complete and uncorrupted version of the media file to be re-constructed. The method allows, in one implementation, a secure music purchase system to operate over digital radio: for example, the start of a song when played over the radio is usually deliberately talked over and the end cut short to prevent listeners being able to record a complete copy. With the present system, this practice can continue, but listeners can also purchase the missing or corrupted sections to enable them to possess a complete and uncorrupted version for playback.
US07827235B2
A method for controlling a service providing device includes the steps of determining whether the service providing device has already acquired a global address of a client station accessing the service providing device, requesting the client station to notify the global address of the client station when the determining step determines that the service providing device has not yet acquired the global address, and providing the client station with different services based on whether or not the client station notifies the service providing device of the global address in response to the request at the requesting step.
US07827232B2
A record button that facilitates audiovisual input into a computer system without requiring manual interaction (direct manipulation interaction) with software. The record button may be grouped with transport controls, a standalone button, or grouped with other controls. The record button may be actuated with different types of actuation techniques, each of which may correspond to a different audio and/or video operating mode, which may be user configurable. A record light may be provided to notify the user of the current recording mode via variable colors and/or flash patterns. The record button can work in conjunction with a camera button and with manual software switching of recording modes.
US07827231B2
According to some embodiments, a registry is displayed. The registry may, for example, indicate resources available from a plurality of remote network access devices via a communications network. Moreover, a personal network address may be associated with each available resource, the personal network address including an destination address portion and an application program identifier portion. A direct communications link may then be established between a first network access device hosting an available resource and a second network address device using the personal network address associated with the resource.
US07827225B2
In at least some embodiments, a method is provided. The method includes receiving samples from a first input channel and a second input channel. The method further includes controlling commutators to selectively switch samples between the first and second input channels for input to a radix-2 butterfly. The method further includes continuously activating the radix-2 butterfly while processing samples received from the first input channel followed by samples received from the second input channel.
US07827215B2
An exemplary method controls the operation of a diskless client computer using a disk based operating system. The client computer is booted by fetching operating system modules through a network connection from a remote host computer. A ramdisk stores key operating system modules. The key operating system modules are locked in ramdisk to prevent swapping of the modules by the operating system. The loading of programs requiring real-time operation stored at the host computer are managed so that the programs are loaded as separate modules spaced-apart in time where the client computer is released between the loading of the separate modules to process other tasks.
US07827205B2
A computer implemented method is provided for a bi-directional data mapping tool. The method for mapping between at least two data models comprises selecting a source including a first data model, selecting a target including a second data model and defining a relationship between the data in the source and the data in the target. The method further comprises generating a bi-directional map from at least portions of the source, the target, and the defined relationship.
US07827202B2
A user database includes information concerning at least one entity of interest. A program database includes multimedia content information associated with items of multimedia content and including a temporal interval during which the items of multimedia content are available. A presentation scheduling facility is communicatively coupled to the user database and the program database. The presentation scheduling facility is configured to determine a number of items of multimedia content that are associated with the at least one entity of interest based on the information concerning the at least one entity of interest and the multimedia content information, and configured to provide a scheduling screen containing identifications of the determined number of items of multimedia content.
US07827201B1
An apparatus and method for referencing physical location of data objects stored within a logical container. The method may include receiving an access request from a client for a particular data object stored in a logical container having a plurality of data objects stored collectively in the logical container, and referencing a physical location of the particular data object within the logical container in response to the access request. The logical container includes at least one block, and each block of the logical container includes multiple extents to store data from at least one data object. The block is a fundamental unit of storage space.
US07827197B2
The present invention is directed to a pluggable custom data binding system and method utilizing a generic data structure exchanged between a run-time system and a user define binding logic in Web Service Applications. The custom data binding system may replace the existing mappings for XML schema types. The custom binder is a function that works with the pairing of a particular XML schema type and Java type. The custom binder may define an interface including serialize and de-serialize methods to convert between Java objects and SOAPElements. After the custom binder is plugged into the run-time system, this custom binder may interact with the run-time system through use of SOAPElement. The custom binding provider may aggregate related custom binders to support particular custom data bindings. The custom binding provider may be created for a specific application that has a few XML schema types that are not supported by the JAX-RPC specification.
US07827193B2
The file sharing system of the present invention selects a suitable data migration method that corresponds with the usage status and transfers data efficiently. A virtual volume and a migration source volume which is the migration target volume are associated by means of an external connection control section. When an instruction for volume migration is issued, the usage percentage judgment section compares the usage percentage of the migration source volume with a designated threshold value. When the usage percentage is equal to or more than the threshold value, volume copying is selected. The volume copy section copies data at the block level from the virtual volume to the migration destination volume. When the usage percentage is less than the threshold value, file copying is selected. The file copy section reads files stored in the migration source volume via the host and writes the files to the migration destination volume.
US07827186B2
A method of detecting contextual duplicate items can include identifying a plurality of representations of items in a data repository, each item representation including one or more textual attributes. A degree of fit between an item representation's attributes and other items can be calculated. The degree of fit can reflect the relevance of the attributes of one item to the other item. A degree of association between the two item representations can be calculated based at least in part on the calculated degree of fit. The degree of association between the two item representations can reflect the similarity of the two items. The degree of association between the two item representations can be assessed to determine whether the items are contextual duplicates.
US07827185B2
An apparatus for managing outputs of a first application and a second application is provided. Each application is operable to execute on a data processing system and output of the first application is executed on the data processing system. The apparatus comprises a classifier for associating the first application and the second application with classification data, wherein the classification data is stored in a classification data structure; a comparator for comparing the classification data associated with the first application and the second application with the classification data structure to determine a priority; and a generator, responsive to determination of the priority, for generating metadata associated with at least one of: the output of the first application and the output of the second application.
US07827182B1
Entries are arranged in hash tables with storage for multiple entries per bucket with entries being shifted among hash tables to make room for entries being added. A path is determined through a search of the hash tables to identify where to move entries during insert operations among the hash tables to make room for a data item being added. Entries are moved and a data item added according to the identified path. Many different types of searches may be used, such as breadth-first, depth-first, random walk, etc. Also, a free position at the end of the path may be identified by being a bucket having a lowest occupancy level in a first predetermined number of levels of the search, a first bucket encountered having space available or an occupancy level less than a predetermined threshold level, with the predetermined threshold level typically being less than that of a full bucket, etc.
US07827174B2
Various techniques are disclosed for generating markup information to be displayed on a client computer system. A document (e.g. a web page) is selected for viewing via a web browser on the client system. Selected information relating to the document is parsed and analyzed using selected keyword information. In a specific implementation, the selected keyword information is provided by an entity other than the end user. Using the selected keyword information, specific context in the document is selected to be marked up. Markup operations may be implemented on at least a portion of the selected document context and displayed at the client system.
US07827162B2
The disclosed embodiments relate generally to the submission of media content to a media distribution system and the generation of media items from the media content. The media items may include, for example, audio, video, image, or podcast data. In accordance with one embodiment, a package for use in generating a downloadable digital media content asset includes metadata content that describes how the media content in a plurality of data files including media content can be processed to generate a downloadable digital media content asset, where the package includes information identifying the plurality of data files.
US07827161B2
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of identifying a document in a support automation system in response to receiving diagnostic data, the documents being stored in a database, comprising analysing the diagnostic data and retrieving, in response to the analysis, one more keywords, and searching the database using the one or more retrieved keywords to identifying one or more documents therein.
US07827140B2
Extensible reconfigurable media appliance for security and entertainment captures images digitally for storage. Digital effects and filters are applied to incoming video stream on-the-fly or to video data stored in memory. Digital effects and filters are dynamically stored, modified, updated or deleted, providing extensible reconfigurable effects studio. Digital media appliance communicates wirelessly with other media appliances, computers, security systems, video storage, email, chat, cellular services or PDAs to provide seamless integration of captured video stream.
US07827136B1
A system and method for management for data replication in a data storage environment is disclosed. The system includes an architecture, software, and methodology for recovering from failure of software agents, which are operational in the data storage environment, by an ordered allocation of non-failed software agents to compensate for the failed agents.
US07827131B2
A physical neural network synapse chip and a method for forming such a synapse chip. The synapse chip can be configured to include an input layer comprising a plurality of input electrodes and an output layer comprising a plurality of output electrodes, such that the output electrodes are located perpendicular to the input electrodes. A gap is generally formed between the input layer and the output layer. A solution can then be provided which is prepared from a plurality of nanoconductors and a dielectric solvent. The solution is located within the gap, such that an electric field is applied across the gap from the input layer to the output layer to form nanoconnections of a physical neural network implemented by the synapse chip. Such a gap can thus be configured as an electrode gap. The input electrodes can be configured as an array of input electrodes, while the output electrodes can be configured as an array of output electrodes.
US07827128B1
In accordance with the invention, a system, method, and apparatus for analyzing advertisement-related data are presented, which may include receiving data related to an aspect of an advertisement and modeling the aspect of the advertisement with a mathematical model. The mathematical model may include a control-signal-related component, a control-signal-independent component, and an error component. Each component may be updated based on at least one of a control signal, the received data, and a previous state of at least one of the components. An updated model may be created based on the updated components. The system, method, and apparatus may also include predicting the aspect of the advertisement using the updated model. Exemplary aspects of and data related to the advertisement may include one or more of the following: a number of impressions, “clicks,” or “conversions” and/or the impression-to-conversion, impression-to-click, or click-to-conversion ratios.
US07827107B2
A system of verifying a purported registrant's ownership or control of a payment instrument includes a communication device, a memory and a processor coupled to the communication device and to the memory. A payment instrument verification module stored in the memory and executable by the processor is adapted to receive information relating to the payment instrument from a registrant, initiate a financial transaction involving the payment instrument via the communication device, generate a dispute amount for the financial transaction, receive via the communication device a notification from a financial institution of the registrant that the financial transaction has been disputed by a comparison amount and compare the comparison amount with the dispute amount for purposes of verifying the payment instrument.
US07827098B2
An affiliated store terminal obtains a security code and a card holder's attribution information of a credit card, such as a card holder's attribution information consists of a date of birth, lower four figures of a home telephone number, a last name and a first name of a card holder. An authorization request transmitted from the affiliated terminal is transmitted to a card company apparatus, and further transmitted to a card issuing company apparatus through an intermediary center apparatus. The card company apparatus executes an authorization process and return a result of the authorization process to the affiliated store terminal through the intermediary center apparatus and the previous card company apparatus.
US07827095B2
Computer implemented methods and systems are provided for analyzing equilibrium flow within economic system. Related systems, apparatus, methods, and/or articles are also described.
US07827091B2
A method, system and computer program to monitor securities market activity to seek out imbalances in market activity that could lead to a price change in a particular security. Level 1 and/or level 2 data is analyzed to track the activity of market makers and to derive indicators of momentary upward or downward price pressure. The indicators can be displayed to a user.
US07827090B2
The present invention provides an apparatus and method of determining and displaying trading trends for one or more currency pairs wherein an opening value and a closing value for the one or more currency pairs for two or more time intervals is obtained. An opening value trend using a market trend indicator and the opening values for the investment is calculated, and a closing value trend using the market trend indicator and the closing values for the one or more currency pairs is calculated. A visual indicator comparing the opening value trend to the closing value trend for the one or more currency pairs is then displayed. This method may be incorporated into a computer program embodied in a computer readable medium using code segments to accomplish the method described above.
US07827083B2
A method of pricing a commodity involving selecting a predetermined market factor, determining at a first time period a first market condition, and providing a formula capable of comparing a predetermined market factor to a market condition to determine the existence of a favorable pricing condition. The method prices a first portion of the commodity when the application of the formula to the predetermined market factor and the first market condition indicates the existence of a first favorable pricing condition. The method prices a second portion of the commodity when the application of the formula to the predetermined market factor and a second market condition indicates the existence of a second favorable pricing condition.
US07827080B2
An arrangement is provided for enabling online retail fixed income. A fixed income online retail enabling mechanism analyzes a request received from a user to determine the requested operation related to online retail fixed income. If the request is for visualizing information related to securities in one or more fixed income capital markets, visual representations are constructed using color codes and real value ratings converted from corresponding ratings issued from different sources and presented to the user. If the request is for managing account information, the fixed income online retail enabling mechanism facilitates the needs of managing accounts. If the request is related to conducting a transaction related to fixed income securities, the fixed income online retail enabling mechanism performs operations to trade securities in one or more fixed income capital markets.
US07827079B2
A method and system for assessing VAT on marketing services provided via a network-based marketplace are disclosed. VAT is automatically assesses for users of the services having residences in different countries, at least a portion of which require VAT charges for the services. Corresponding data is stored at individual sites operated by the marketplace service. Periodically, VAT-related data are aggregated for each of the plurality of countries to generate respective tax return reports. VAT is accessed for different users based on the country of residence of the user and whether the user has a VAT-exempt status.
US07827075B2
A method of managing images between computers over a network. The method includes receiving a first product description and a first image location of the first product, the first image location referencing a first storage computer on the network; receiving a second product description and a second image location of the second product, the second image location referencing a second storage computer on the network; retrieving the first image from the first storage computer based on the first image location; producing a first thumbnail image from the first image; retrieving the second image from second first storage computer based on the second image location; producing a second thumbnail image from the second image; periodically reloading the first image and the second image in order to obtain any changes that were made to the first image and the second image; and updating the first thumbnail image and the second thumbnail image.
US07827074B1
A system and method for placing products or services within interactive television or radio programming or other programming, and for facilitating viewers' purchases thereof. The present invention allows viewers to mark and store placed products or services for later consideration or purchase; provides a virtual catalog entry showing such options as different colors, styles, or sizes, as may be appropriate given the nature of the product or service; identifies local or regional sources or providers of selected products or services; indicates availability and estimated delivery times for selected products or services; and allows for a greater variety of products and services to be placed.
US07827073B2
Embodiments for method and a system for an on online auction system involving a computer server is closed. Values representing a relationship between a seller and a plurality of bidders are determined based on social connections of the seller and social connections of the bidders. An auction method is selected based on the values representing a relationship between the seller and the bidders. The selected auction method is performed for the purpose of selling an item of the seller at a winning bid quoted by any of the bidders.
US07827072B1
Methods and systems for interface presentation are described. A user interface for the user may be selected among a plurality of available user interfaces in accordance with the personal characteristic information. A user access profile level for the user may be selected among a plurality of available user access profile levels in accordance with the personal characteristic information. Product information may be selected in accordance with the age data.
US07827067B2
A knowledge management system includes a profile manager for managing user profiles and a bid manager for receiving a project listing and a set of project parameters associated with the listing. The bid manager also provides a bidding room according to at least one of the project parameters. In addition, the project parameters include an identification of at least one expertise area associated with a project.
US07827063B2
A point of sale device includes a point of sale functional component, such as, for example, a display, an input device, a printer, scales, a card reader, or other. An interface is connected to the component, through a standard port of the component. The interface includes a radio frequency communications function. The interface communicates information regarding the component over a wireless communication network. The wireless communication network connects to a maintenance gateway for the device, either via the network, other networks, or by other communicative connection. The device can be monitored and maintained by the maintenance gateway, and the maintenance gateway can be located at a remote location from the device. The interface can also include cooling elements and controls for the device and/or the interface.
US07827060B2
A system obtains a first parameter (QP1) associated with a quality of an advertisement among multiple advertisements, where the first quality parameter (QP1) does not include a click through rate (CTR). The system functionally combines the first quality parameter (QP1) with at least one other parameter and uses the functional combination to filter, rank or promote the advertisement among the multiple advertisements.
US07827059B2
A technique for rewarding a user's interaction behavior in a computer network environment, such as the Internet. A reward is provided for following a hyperlink in a first document to a second document and then returning to the original document again. The reward can be provided in terms of (positively priced) information or payment in the form of bonus points or cash payment or access to computerized services and the like. The required information to effect the reward is stored in databases. The invention provides motivation for the user to definitely and intentionally return to the original document, rather than being lost to the owner of the original document as the user visits other web sites after visiting the second document.
US07827055B1
A computer process is disclosed for selecting items to present or recommend to users based on the referring sites accessed by such users. The process includes tracking referrals of users from referring sites to a target site, and recording the item selections of the referred users from an electronic catalog of the target site. The process may also include analyzing the recorded item selections of the users to identify, for a particular subset of the referring sites, a set of items that correspond to group preferences of users referred to the target site by the subset of referring sites. These identified items may thereafter be presented to users who access a site that is a member of the subset of referring sites.
US07827051B2
A computer, for planning moves of freight automatically adds one or more layover(s) to a mission. Next, the computer determines one or more charge(s) for the layovers, using carriers' rules. Thereafter, the computer uses the charge(s) in deciding whether to include the mission in a transportation plan to be executed. In some embodiments, the computer automatically maintains, for the given mission, counts of attributes on which limits are imposed by a government or by carriers, such as driving time, on-duty time, and driving distance, and when any count exceeds a corresponding limit in the midst of a driving activity, the computer automatically divides up the current driving activity into a truncated driving activity and a remainder driving activity, separated by a layover activity. The computer also determines an estimated time of arrival, including the impact of required layovers, to reach destination(s), and whether layover(s) is/are required at the destination(s), e.g. due to consignee's receiving hours or due to congestion at consignee's dock.
US07827050B2
A method, system and computer program product for managing goals. A goal to be achieved by a goal-setter is defined. At least one action to be completed is defined. The at least one action is associated with an achievement of the goal by the goal-setter. One or more goal-setter attributes associated with the goal-setter are specified. At least one of the one or more goal-setter attributes is associated with the goal to facilitate managing the goal.
US07827039B2
A system generates one or more of a plurality of wellness programs for a user. Personal data items are entered into a computing system corresponding to a personal profile of the user. A selected one or more of the plurality of wellness programs desired by the user is identified. Selected ones of the plurality of personal data items are then extracted in response to the selected one of the plurality of wellness programs. Then a corresponding plurality of wellness program data elements in response to the selected ones of the plurality of personal data items is determined. The selected plurality of wellness program data elements are then assembled to form a customized wellness program responsive to the step of identifying a selected one of the plurality of wellness programs and the selected ones of the plurality of personal data items. The customized wellness program is recorded on media for the user.
US07827031B2
A neural network in a speech-recognition system has computing units organized in levels including at least one hidden level and one output level. The computing units of the hidden level are connected to the computing units of the output level via weighted connections, and the computing units of the output level correspond to acoustic-phonetic units of the general vocabulary. This network executes the following steps:determining a subset of acoustic-phonetic units necessary for recognizing all the words contained in the general vocabulary subset;eliminating from the neural network all the weighted connections afferent to computing units of the output level that correspond to acoustic-phonetic units not contained in the previously determined subset of acoustic-phonetic units, thus obtaining a compacted neural network optimized for recognition of the words contained in the general vocabulary subset; andexecuting, at each moment in time, only the compacted neural network.
US07827020B2
Disclosed is simulation of circuit behavior by running a central electronic core simulation in a high level simulator up to and including initial microload, creation of a post-IML (initial microcode load) state, and transferring the post-initial microcode state from the central electronic core simulation to the post-initial microcode load co-simulator.
US07827019B2
A passive macromodel for lossy, dispersive multiconductor transmission lines uses a multiplicative approximation of the matrix exponential known as the Lie product. The circuit implementation of the macromodel is a cascade of elementary cells, each cell being the combination of a pure delay element and a lumped circuit representing the transmission line losses. Compared with passive rational macromodeling, the Lie product macromodel is capable of efficiently simulating long, low-loss multiconductor transmission lines while preserving passivity. This result is combined with transmission line theory to derive a time-domain error criterion for the Lie product macromodel. This criterion is used to determine the minimum number of cells needed in the macromodel to assure that the magnitude of the time-domain error is less than a given engineering tolerance.
US07827015B2
A system for generating an animal feed formulation based on environmental nutrient inputs. The system comprises a simulator engine configured to generate a set of animal requirements in view of environmental nutrients received by an animal based on characteristics of the animal and a formulator engine configured to receive the set of animal requirements and generate an optimized animal feed formulation based on the animal requirements.
US07827013B1
An arrangement calculates a description of potential responses of a distributed system in response to at least one input stimulus. The distributed system including nodes whose operation is described by respective node behavior descriptions. The method involves applying symbolic evaluation to plural node behavior descriptions so as to produce plural response descriptions that describe responses of nodes, and combining at least the plural response descriptions so as to arrive at the description of potential responses of the distributed system.
US07826990B2
A system for providing real-time modeling of an electrical system under management is disclosed. The system includes a data acquisition component, a virtual system modeling engine, and an analytics engine. The data acquisition component is communicatively connected to a sensor configured to provide real-time measurements of data output from an element of the system. The virtual system modeling engine is configured to generate a predicted data output for the element. The analytics engine is communicatively connected to the data acquisition system and the virtual system modeling engine and is configured to monitor and analyze a difference between the real-time data output and the predicted data output.
US07826987B2
Provided is a method for detecting a condition of engine oil that allows the progress of degradation of engine oil to be more accurately determined without incurring any significant cost. In a method for detecting a state of engine oil by defining a degradation index that changes with a progress in degradation of the engine oil that lubricates an internal combustion engine and determining a progress of the degradation of the engine oil according to the degradation index, a value related to a concentration of blow-by gas that flows into a crankcase of the engine is computed, and the degradation index is computed according to the computed value related to a concentration of blow-by gas that flows into a crankcase of the engine. The degradation index may consist of a total base number of the engine oil, and the concentration of blow-by gas that flows into a crankcase of the engine may consist of a NOx concentration.
US07826986B2
A system and method for operating a mass flow controller is described. One embodiment validates the operation of a mass flow controller thermal sensor, including detecting zero drift and span drift in the sensor by comparing the thermal sensor output to a pressure sensor output. In one embodiment, each sensor provides a signal to a digital controller or other processing unit and the controller calculates the mass flow rates of a gas flowing through the unit as measured by the sensors. The mass flow rates may then be compared to determine if one of the thermal sensor is operating properly.
US07826982B2
The preferred embodiments generally relate to methods and compositions that affect the GTP-binding activity of members of the Rho family GTPases, preferably Rac (Rac1, Rac2 and/or Rac3), such compositions include compounds that modulate the GTP/GDP exchange activity, along with uses for the compounds including screening for compounds which recognize Rac GTPase, and methods of treating pathological conditions associated or related to a Rho family GTPase, including Rac. The preferred embodiments also relate to methods of using such compounds, or derivatives thereof, e.g., in therapeutics, diagnostics, and as research tools.
US07826973B2
A method for obtaining enhanced seismic data and optimized inverted reflectivities includes computing statistical well characterizations based upon band-limited well reflectivities for a subsurface region. Sets of processed seismic data are computed by applying differing processing sequences to seismic data corresponding to the subsurface region. Inverted reflectivities are computed by inverting the sets of processed seismic data. Statistical seismic characterizations are computed based upon the inverted reflectivities. Statistical difference measurements (SDMs) are computed between the statistical well and seismic characterizations. An optimal processing sequence is selected based upon the computed SDMs. Enhanced seismic data is obtained by processing the seismic data corresponding to the subsurface region. An optimal seismic inversion algorithm is obtained based upon the computed SDMs. The seismic data is inverted using the optimal seismic inversion algorithm to produce a set of optimized inverted reflectivities.
US07826971B2
A method for filtering anti-collision alarms for aircraft, the said aircraft comprising means for calculating its speed and extrapolated positions on its trajectory, the said extrapolated positions being calculated over a fixed maximum time period, called extrapolation time, and a topographical database of the terrain, the said database comprising, within a given perimeter, data on the density of obstacles, comprises a calculation of a weighting coefficient for the extrapolation time of the calculated extrapolated trajectories of the aircraft as a function of the density of obstacles within a surface area included within the perimeter.
US07826968B2
A global positioning system (GPS) device including an antenna and a baseband unit is disclosed. The antenna receives a wireless signal group. The baseband unit processes the wireless signal group to generate a position signal. The position signal is updated every time interval. The duration of the time interval is changed dynamically.
US07826966B2
A system for providing a tour of a venue includes a central computer for creating the tour, at least one venue server computer, communicatively connected to the central computer remotely at the venue, for storing the tour, and at least one portable device, communicatively connected to the venue server computer at the venue, for obtaining the tour from the venue server computer. The at least one portable device includes a GPS receiver or other geographic location identifier. Particular “point of interest”-specific content of the tour is output by the portable device whenever the device is located at the geographical location of the coordinates for the point of interest. The specific content of the tour so output by the portable device includes multimedia, including, for example, text, graphics, audio, video, and others. The portable device is carried by a tourist or other user and provides interactive multimedia to guide during the tour. Tours are created and edited at the central computer, and then communicated to the venue server computer. The venue server computer is located at or near the venue of the tour, and thereat writes the relevant tour or tours to the portable device. The venue server computer includes security, control and payment systems for access to use the portable device. The portable device logs usage information for the device, and this information is communicated back to the venue server computer and on to the central computer.
US07826964B2
An intelligent driving safety monitoring system capable of integrating multiple direction information is adapted to be installed in a vehicle. The system includes a first image capturing device, a second image capturing device, a data processing device, and an indicating device. The first image capturing device is used to capture a face image of a driver of the vehicle. The second image capturing device is used to capture a front lane image. The data processing device, after doing computations based on the face image of the driver and the front lane image, maps a sight direction of the driver and a mid-line of lane into a global coordinate space and integrates the same into multiple direction information. The indicating device outputs the multiple direction information to the driver for suggesting whether driving status of the driver is safe.
US07826963B1
An engine control system includes a driver module and a diagnostics module. The driver module includes a high-side driver and a low-side driver, which selectively actuate a load. The driver module generates status signals based on detection of each of a plurality of failure modes of the high-side and low-side drivers. The diagnostics module increments a first error count for a first mode of the plurality of failure modes when the status signals indicate the driver module has detected the first mode. The diagnostics module increments a corresponding total count each time the driver module analyzes the first mode. The diagnostics module sets a fail state for a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) when the first error count for the first mode reaches a first predetermined threshold prior to the total count reaching a second predetermined threshold.
US07826962B2
The electronic control apparatus includes a microcomputer having a control function of controlling an actuator mounted on a vehicle in accordance with an input signal indicative of a running state of the vehicle, and a self-monitoring function of monitoring whether or not the control function is functioning properly on the basis of the input signal, and a monitor module communicably connected to the microcomputer and having a digital circuit for monitoring whether or not the self-monitoring function is functioning properly. The monitor module includes a reference counter counting up a clock serving as operation reference of the digital circuit. The microcomputer includes a module monitoring section configured to take in a count value of the reference counter and to monitor whether or not the monitor module is functioning properly on the basis of a changing state of the count value taken in.
US07826960B2
The invention is directed toward a device for controlling an internal combustion engine. An aspect of the invention is determining a polytropic exponent according to at least two measured values of the pressure in a combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine during the working stroke of the cylinder once an air/fuel mixture of a cylinder has been burned and before the gas discharge valve is opened. A first exhaust gas temperature is determined and a second temperature of the exhaust gas is determined in accordance with the first exhaust gas temperature. The pressure associated in the combustion chamber, the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber after closing the gas discharge valve, and the polytropic exponent are determined. An actuation signal for controlling an actuating member of the internal combustion engine is generated according to the second temperature of the exhaust gas.
US07826956B2
A control system for a plant, including a sliding mode controller and a transfer characteristic adjusting module. The sliding mode controller calculates a feedback control input with a sliding mode control so that an controlled output of the plant coincides with a target value. The transfer characteristic adjusting module is connected to an output of the sliding mode controller, and has a transfer characteristic set according to a transfer function of a controlled object model which is obtained by modeling the plant. A control input to the plant is set to an output of the transfer characteristic adjusting module. The transfer characteristic of the transfer characteristic adjusting module is set so that a composite transfer function indicative of a transfer characteristic which is obtained by combining the transfer characteristic of the transfer characteristic adjusting module and a transfer characteristic of the controlled object model, coincides with a desired target transfer function.
US07826953B2
The present invention relates to a method for assisting the driver of a motor vehicle with a fishtailing trailer. A vehicle with a fishtailing trailer can be stabilized in an especially rapid manner in that, in a first state, the fishtailing of the trailer is analyzed by evaluating at least one vehicle state variable, and when critical fishtailing is detected, a warning is output to the driver in a second state so as to induce the driver to brake, and the driver—provided he initiates braking—is assisted in the braking operation by automatic actuation of the vehicle brakes, a brake pressure being set at which the most optimal vehicle deceleration possible is achieved.
US07826945B2
An automotive system provides an integrated user interface for control and communication functions in an automobile or other type of vehicle. The user interface supports voice enabled interactions, as well as other modes of interaction, such as manual interactions using controls such as dashboard or steering wheel mounted controls. The system also includes interfaces to devices in the vehicle, such as wireless interfaces to mobile devices that are brought into the vehicle. The system also provides interfaces to information sources such as a remote server, for example, for accessing information.
US07826942B2
A method of generating braking information for a device including first and second sensors linked to a control unit and designed to sense positioning information concerning a brake pedal moving between released and depressed positions. The method includes transmitting to the control unit, by the first sensor, a first pedal “press” signal and a first “non-press” signal, and transmitting to the control unit, by the second sensor, a second pedal “press” signal and a second “non-press” signal. The method also includes the generation of a first information signal if the first pedal “press” signal and first “non-press” signal are inconsistent and a second information signal if the second pedal “press” signal and the second “non-press” signal are inconsistent, each signal being analyzed independently of the other for this generation.
US07826938B2
A system determines real-time locations of railcars in a railroad environment. Railcars are equipped with at least four RFID tags. A RFID reader at a fixed location at every track branch in the environment reads the RFID tags. Railcar locations are updated for the railcars by determining the branches on which the railcars are located.
US07826924B2
An autoloader system with modularization architecture and self-adaptive motion control ability for mass optical disks duplication includes four physical modules: a robot arm module with sensors and joints dedicates for delivering and picking up optical disks; an optical disk duplication tower has a number of optical drives in a stack, or a matrix for optical disk duplication; a motion control module has an embedded motion controller and a power source to synchronize the motion of robot arm and duplication; a platform module has a base frame to fix other modules and a user interface. Some disk stacks are situated on top of platform module. The use of a self-adaptive control algorithm, consisting of a Motion Strategy Database, Initial Process, Motion Planning Process, Motion Generation Process and Motion Monitor Process, to ascertain system configurations and components furthest satisfy the required flexibility for modifying/upgrading hardware or ever-changing user needs. The use of DC motors and self-correcting adaptive algorithm provides better versatility to disk copier systems than most commonly used stepper motors, even in the case of “short tray” wherein the tray does not fully extend out. The stand-alone design of present invention further makes the use and operation of the disk copier easier and friendlier.
US07826923B2
Package deals comprising component products from inventory groups are offered and sold to customers of vending machines. In some embodiments, an association of the component products with the inventory groups is indicated by at least one of a placement of the component products and/or physical indicia associated with the component products.
US07826922B2
Apparatus and methods consistent with the present invention provide for processing mailpiece information in a mail processing device using sorter application software. In one embodiment, a mail processing device uses the sorter application software to communicate with an identification code server. In this embodiment, different types of mail processing devices can use the common sorter application software to communicate with the same or different identification code servers.
US07826921B2
A system for assembling a building lumber package includes a lumber sorter sequentially receiving a plurality of boards of different dimensions and selectively placing boards into a plurality of bins, a computer programmed to receive a list of different dimension lumber, to designate one or more bins for accumulating the lumber designated on the list, to receive dimension information identifying each board received by the sorter, and to control the lumber sorter to place boards designated on the list into bins designated for accumulating lumber identified on the list The system may process a plurality of orders for building lumber packages at essentially the same time. Lumber at a lumber mill is sorted into building lumber packages at the lumber mill and stacked and strapped by automated stackers and strappers at the lumber mill. The building lumber packages may be shipped directly from the lumber mill to a building site.
US07826908B2
A method of controlling a power generating unit or other process equipment with a slow reaction time includes creating a feedforward control signal to selectively include a fast response rate component or a slow response rate component based on the average rate at which a load demand set point signal has changed during a particular previous period of time. The method then uses the developed feedforward control signal to control the power generating equipment or other slowly reacting process equipment. In particular, a control method switches between introducing a fast or a slow response component within a feedforward control signal based on whether the change in the load demand set point over a particular period of time in the past (e.g., an average rate of change of the load demand set point signal) is greater than or less than a predetermined threshold. This method is capable of providing a relatively fast control action even if the expected load demand set point change is in a small range. In addition, this method does not require knowledge of the final or target load demand set point during the time in which the load demand set point is ramping up to a final target value and is not dependent on the ramp size, i.e., the ultimate difference between the load demand set point at the beginning of the load demand set point change and the final or target value of the load demand set point, making it more versatile than prior art systems.
US07826906B2
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for exposing (i.e. bridging) data and services offered by low power, low duty cycle transducers (e.g. sensors and actuators) in a standardized format over existing and established home networking technologies. A transducer access point is a functional component that serves as a proxy for health devices and sensors that are off/asleep the majority of the time to conserver power (e.g. battery life). The transducer access point may be implemented as a stand alone device or embedded within a computing device such as a home PC.
US07826902B2
The disclosure describes a method and system that allows a user to configure electrical stimulation therapy by defining a stimulation field. After a stimulation lead is implanted in a patient, a clinician manipulates a stimulation field on the display to encompass desired anatomical regions of the patient. In this manner, the clinician determines which anatomical regions to stimulate, and the system generates the necessary stimulation parameters. In some cases, a lead icon representing the implanted lead is displayed to show the clinician where the lead is relative to anatomical regions of the patient.
US07826900B2
Apparatus and method for diagnosing a source of muscular pain, wherein the apparatus includes a housing, an electrical signal generator mounted within the housing, and a pair of electrodes, one of which is mounted on one end of the housing and the other of which is mounted on an opposite end of the housing. The generator may include either an analog waveform generator or a digital signal processor. Each of the electrodes stimulates a muscle with an electrical signal generated by the generator. One of the electrodes has a relatively small contact area for targeting smaller muscles or muscle groups, while the other electrode has a relatively large contact area for targeting larger muscles or muscle groups. The apparatus is a self-contained, wireless unit and is highly maneuverable, which allows a user to quickly and easily diagnose a source of muscle pain.
US07826894B2
In an embodiment, the invention relates to neural prosthetic devices in which control signals are based on the cognitive activity of the prosthetic user. The control signals may be used to control an array of external devices, such as prosthetics, computer systems, and speech synthesizers. Data obtained from monkeys' movement intentions were recorded, decoded with a computer algorithm, and used to position cursors on a computer screen. Not only the intended goals, but also the value of the reward the animals expected to receive at the end of each trial, were decoded from the recordings. The results indicate that brain activity related to cognitive variables can be a viable source of signals for the control of a cognitive-based neural prosthetic.
US07826891B2
The present invention relates to an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator or pacemaker whose standard circuitry is used to trend a physiological cardiac parameter using intra-cardiac impedance measurements. The trend information may be used to predict the onset of a sudden cardiac death (SCD) event. By being able to predict the onset of an SCD event, patients and their physicians may be forewarned of a life-threatening event allowing them to respond accordingly. The trend information may also be used to predict the efficacy of cardiac-related medications, monitor progress of congestive heart failure, detect the occurrence of myocardial infarction, or simply track changes in sympathetic tone.
US07826878B2
Disclosed is a system and a method for detecting the presence of one or more objects in a turbid medium, the method including: illuminating at least a portion of the turbid medium with incident light having at least one wavelength which interacts with the one or more objects contained in the turbid medium differently than the incident light interacts with the turbid medium; measuring light that emerges from the turbid medium; and detecting and locating the one or more objects using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) of the emergent light from the turbid medium. The present invention is useful for medical applications, such as for finding and locating, a tumor(s) in body organs, or excised tissues. Moreover, the present invention can be used to locate objects in obscuring medium, such as, mines in shallow coastal water, a plane in fog, military targets under fog, smoke or cloud cover.
US07826877B2
A method and system for wirelessly providing venue-based data to one or more hand held devices. Venue-based data can be acquired from one or more venues. The venue-based data can be authenticated and wirelessly transmitted to one or more hand held devices through one or more wireless telecommunications networks, in response to authenticating the venue-based data and/or the hand held device(s) and/or a user of the hand held device(s), in order to permit the venue-based data to be accessible via one or more hand held devices at locations remote from the venue(s).
US07826870B2
Separating mixed signals includes receiving the mixed signals from signal sources transmitting from a number of cells. A signal source is operable to transmit a source signal, and a mixed signal comprises at least a subset of the source signals. A complex mixing matrix is established from the mixed signals. The complex mixing matrix describes mixing the source signals to yield the mixed signals. The number of cells is estimated from the mixed signals. The mixed signals are separated using the complex mixing matrix and the estimated number of cells.
US07826869B2
Techniques and technologies are provided for relaying control messages between wireless switches in different mobility areas of a mobility domain. For example, the mobility domain can be divided into a first mobility area having a first designated wireless switch and a second mobility area having a second designated wireless switch. When the first designated wireless switch receives a control message from a first client wireless switch associated with the first designated wireless switch, and the first designated wireless switch can relay the control message from the first designated wireless switch to a second client wireless switch, associated with the first designated wireless switch, with which the first designated wireless switch has an internal peering session in the first mobility area.
US07826864B2
Apparatus and a method for deriving a power measurement summation for use in universal mobile telecommunications system user equipment are disclosed. Conversion from a logarithm scale to a linear scale for summation and back again is avoided. The technique obviates the need for a mathematical processor to convert power measurements in a logarithmic scale (e.g. decibels dB, or dBw) into a linear scale (e.g. mW) to sum the power measurements or a ratio. The summed power component is calculated using data stored in the device (e.g. look up tables) without any need for conversion of the scale used.
US07826860B2
A device and method for of synchronizing a MAC superframe of a wireless device is disclosed. The wireless device can be located within a chain of a plurality of other wireless devices. The method includes receiving beacons from at least one other device during a superframe of the wireless device, determining a superframe offset for each of the other wireless devices based on timing of the received beacons, determining a corrective delay based on the superframe offsets, inserting the corrective delay within a current superframe of the wireless device, and inserting a predictive delay within the current superframe, the predictive delay being determined by an estimate of a difference between a frequency a clock of the wireless device and a frequency of a slowest clock of the other wireless devices within the chain.
US07826859B2
In a wireless mobile communications system, a method for processing paging information allows the operations of a mobile terminal to be simplified and permits efficient use of resources for the mobile terminal. The network instructs in advance, the transmission of control information, such as a particular paging message, a notification message, system information and the like, via a single indicator channel. The mobile terminal receives this single indicator channel and uses the indicator information that was transmitted via the indicator channel in order to receive the control information.
US07826852B2
A radio communication apparatus which communicates with a radio terminal device, the apparatus belonging to a first group, the device performing handoff between apparatuses which belong to the first group, the apparatus includes unit selecting one block from frequency blocks obtained by dividing a specified frequency band, the frequency blocks being continuous on a frequency axis, unit detecting an unused channel among channels contained in the selected block, unit detecting an in-use channel among the channels when the unused channel is detected, unit determining whether a second group to which a device which is using the detected in-use channel belongs is the same as the first group, and unit assigning the detected unused channel as a channel for communication with the radio terminal device when the in-use channel fails to be detected or the determination unit determines that the second group is the same as the first group.
US07826845B2
A mobile phone is provided. A wireless connection module establishes a wireless connection between the mobile phone and an access point. A storage device stores a first configuration group, a second configuration group, and a third configuration group, each comprising at least one wireless network configuration file. A controller, when a wireless network function of the mobile phone is activated, selects the wireless network configuration file from the first configuration group, when failing to establish a wireless connection based on the wireless network configuration file selected from the first configuration group, selects the wireless network configuration file from the second configuration group, when failing to establish a wireless connection based on the wireless network configuration file selected from the second configuration group, selects the wireless network configuration file from the third configuration group, and establishes the wireless connection according to the selected wireless network configuration file.
US07826841B2
A virtualized Open Wireless Architecture (OWA) layer is designed between the physical transmission layer and the user application and operating system (OS) layers to provide a converged open radio transmission platform, and provide a solution to make the application and OS layers to be totally independent to the wireless transmission layer. The OWA virtualization layer defines the portable wireless air-interface modules corresponding to the physical radio transmission technologies (RTTs) to enable the flexible change of different RTTs by an external memory card, and facilitates the visitor OS operable upon the host OS of the mobile terminal device to support seamless handover and switch between different OS platforms.
US07826839B1
A method of disrupting communications reception of a target radio receiver. A plurality of transmitters transmit a noise signal toward the target radio transceiver. Each of the plurality of transmitters has a receiver associated therewith A first transmitter ceases transmitting a noise signal at a pre-determined time. A receiver associated with the first transmitter receives information from another of the plurality of transmitters when the first transmitter has ceased transmitting the noise signal. The first transmitter resumes the transmission of the noise signal after the information has been transmitted.
US07826836B2
A base station for use within a structure is provided. The base station includes an apparatus to automatically set an operating carrier power level to be effective within the structure and in a limited area surrounding the structure to promote reducing interference with mobile units outside the limited area. The base station also includes an apparatus to automatically set beacon channel power to provide service substantially within the structure.
US07826830B1
Instant messaging (IM) users in a wireless network are allowed to automatically set their presence status based on their geographical location. A conventional Mobile IM (MIM) client, such as a Brew application, allows an IM user to set his presence status, e.g. “Online,” “Away,” etc. This status is transmitted to the IM server which then publishes this status to other IM users. As disclosed herein, location based presence populates the device position automatically into the presence status or other IM communications. For example, selection of a menu choice
US07826825B2
A method and system for restricting at least partial usage of a wireless communication device (100), like a mobile telephone, includes attempting to establish a communication channel (105) across a data network, such as non-IMS VoIP communication channel over a wide area network (103) like the Internet. Where the device (100) has been subsidized by a voice over data protocol service provider (121), the method permits such communication only when data communication channels having service provider identifiers (123) corresponding to one or more permitted data access identification codes (201) are accessible. Where they are not, at least partial usage of the device (100) will be restricted.
US07826817B2
Frequency translation and applications of same are described herein. Such applications include, but are not limited to, frequency down-conversion, frequency up-conversion, enhanced signal reception, unified down-conversion and filtering, and combinations and applications of same.
US07826808B2
A system for an omni digital package for reducing interference may include a passive combiner and a transmit signal canceller. The passive combiner may be configured to combine at least two input frequencies to produce a combined signal. The transmit signal canceller may be configured to determine an interference frequency based on a combination of the at least two input frequencies. The transmit signal canceller may include a tap weight determiner configured to determine a weighting coefficient associated with the interference frequency, and a cancellation function configured to perform a cancellation operation to at least partially cancel the interference frequency from the combined signal based on the weighting coefficient.
US07826800B2
The present application describes a method and system for determining a time delay between a transmission and a reception of an RF signal in a noisy environment. The method comprises: transmitting the RF signal; shifting a phase of the RF signal after a first time period of the transmitting of the RF signal, starting at a known transition time; receiving a received RF signal comprising a received phase shift corresponding to the shifting of the phase of the transmitted RF signal, the received phase shift occurring at a receive transition time equivalent to a sum of the time delay and the known transition time; determining the receive transition time by detecting a time corresponding to the received phase shift; and calculating the time delay using the receive transition time and the known transition time.
US07826794B2
An extended underwater electromagnetic transducer is provided with an electrically insulated transmission line typically connected to a transmitter or receiver or transceiver system. The transmission line allows near-field communications with another transmitter or receiver or transceiver system. The transmission line provided is relatively long, the through water signal path length can be significantly reduced.
US07826770B2
Disclosed is a printing apparatus and method to correct for image non-uniformities. The printing apparatus comprises a photoreceptor (P/R) belt charging device positioned to charge the P/R belt after an image is transferred to a media sheet. Subsequently, an image sensing device scans the P/R belt residual image or patches to detect image non-uniformities.
US07826749B2
A system and a method for quantum key distribution over a multi-user wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network are disclosed. The system comprises a tunable or multi-wavelength transmitter; a plurality of receivers, each assigned a receiving-wavelength; and a multi-user WDM network linking the transmitter to the receivers. The transmitter can select a receiver among the receivers to be communicated therewith and transmit quantum signals to the selected receiver over the WDM network. The quantum signals are at a wavelength equal to a receiving-wavelength of the receiver. Therefore the WDM network allows quantum signals to be communicated between the transmitter and the receivers by wavelength routing.
US07826742B2
An optical transmission device includes an input interface unit, a cross-connecting unit, and an output interface unit, and a bandwidth switching control unit, and switches bandwidths allocated to paths in a transmission channel that connects to an adjoining optical transmission device synchronously with the adjoining optical transmission device. When the bandwidths are not continuous in the transmission channel, the bandwidth switching control unit controls the input interface unit, the cross-connecting unit and the output interface unit to rearrange the non-continuous bandwidths into continuous ones.
US07826739B2
Systems and methods for controlling the modulation current of a laser included as a component of an optical transmitter, such as an optical transceiver module, are disclosed. Control of the modulation current, which affects various laser operational parameters, including extinction ratio and optical modulation amplitude, enables operation of the laser to be optimized, thereby enabling reliable transceiver performance to be achieved. In one embodiment, a method for modifying the modulation current in an optical transceiver module includes first sensing analog voltage data that proportionally relates to an actual modulation current of the laser. Once sensed, the analog voltage data are converted to digital voltage data. Using the digital voltage data, the actual modulation current of the laser is determined, then a desired modulation current is determined. Should a discrepancy exist between the actual and desired modulation currents, the actual modulation current is modified to match the desired current.
US07826738B2
A first image data interface section is disposed in an electrode region and an input/output buffer region provided along a first side of a semiconductor chip. A second image data interface section is disposed in an electrode region and an input/output buffer region provided along a second side. A first memory interface section is disposed in an electrode region and an input/output buffer region provided along a third side. A second memory interface section is disposed in an electrode region and an input/output buffer region provided along a fourth side.
US07826734B2
A camera module in which a lens holder that holds one or more lenses is made movable in an optical axis direction and in which an auto-focus function and a zoom function are assembled is reduced in size and weight. To achieve this, the lens holder is provided with a guide bearing section, a bearing section, and a piezo element holding section, a guide shaft is placed in parallel with the optical axis and is made to be in contact with the guide bearing section, a drive shaft is inserted into the bearing section so that the lens holder can be moved in the direction of the optical axis along the guide shaft, a piezo element is pressed by a securing member, having elastic force, against the piezoe element holding section and secured in place and the drive shaft receives driving force by the piezo element.
US07826727B2
An electric fireplace includes a fireplace housing having a housing first and second side walls and a housing top wall, a housing floor, a housing back wall, and a housing open end opposite the housing back wall; a flame simulator mounted inside the housing; a diffusion screen removably mounted upright within the housing in front of the flame simulator; an ember bed simulating the appearance of fireplace fuel such as fire wood, embers or coal, and removably mounted inside the housing in front of the flame simulator, so that removal of the ember bed and the flame cutout panel provides access to the flame simulator from the housing open end; and a hot air generator removably mounted inside the housing to be accessible from the housing open end.
US07826725B2
A water level sensor for a steam humidifier. The water level sensor includes a plurality of conductive probes, where the plurality of conductive probes includes at least one common probe and a plurality of water level probes. Each of the conductive probes are separated from each other conductive probe. The water level sensor further includes a non-conductive overmolding covering at least a portion of each of the conductive probes. The non-conductive overmolding defines a flange configured to seal an opening in a tank of the steam humidifier and an electrical connection point configured to receive an electrical connector for providing electrical connections to each of the conductive probes. A steam humidifier is also disclosed.
US07826707B2
An apparatus for storing and routing a fiber optic cable to an equipment cabinet is described. The apparatus includes a storage tray having a planar surface for accommodating the fiber optic cable. The tray is mounted to an upper end of the equipment cabinet. The tray has a plurality of routing channels extending along the planar surface and a portion thereof extending along at least one surface of the equipment cabinet generally perpendicular to the planar surface, with each of the routing channels defining a minimum bend radius to restrict over bending of the fiber optic cable. The tray has a central portion for accommodating the fiber optic cable, and the plurality of routing channels are in communication with the central portion and extending downward towards equipment supported by the equipment cabinet.
US07826702B2
In accordance with the present invention, one or more laser diodes are efficiently coupled into a waveguide amplifier in order to provide either an efficient amplifier or a laser. Light from one or more laser diodes is efficiently coupled into one or more waveguides through the effects in the refractive index between the core material of the waveguide and the cladding material around the waveguide. Both the core material and the cladding material can be deposited with a high degree of uniformity and control in order to obtain the coupling.
US07826691B2
The invention relates to an access network for exchanging communication signals between a transit network and at least one communication medium of a user. The communication medium is operatively connected to an exchange by means of an optical fiber connection for exchanging the communication signals, and the exchange is connected to the transit network. The fiber connection comprises at least one multimode fiber, which is bent over at least one first part of its length, in such a manner that the fiber comprises at least one complete winding in the first part thereof mainly for maintaining one or more modes of the communication signals into the fiber. Said modes have been selected from a group comprising the ground mode and one or more lower modes near the ground mode.
US07826690B2
A waveguide type optical isolator comprises a substrate, a waveguiding layer provided with waveguides, a magnetic garnet, magnetic field applying means, and a package substrate, wherein a first magnet and a second magnet is provided as the magnetic field applying means, and the first magnet and the second magnet are housed and fixed within a magnet holder.
US07826687B2
Embodiments include a method, a manual device, a handheld manual device, a handheld writing device, a system, and an apparatus. An embodiment provides an apparatus. The apparatus includes a writing element having a first portion operable to discharge a first marking substance on a surface in response to a movement of the writing element over the surface and a second portion operable to discharge a second marking substance on the surface in response to a controller. The apparatus also includes the controller operable to encode information corresponding to a context of the apparatus by regulating the discharge of the second marking substance.
US07826672B2
A system is provided that includes a device having an emissive portion, a memory, and a dictionary decompressor. The device having an emissive portion is configured to produce a patterned beam. The memory is configured to store a compressed representation of a requested dose pattern, comprising two groups of repeating pattern features, to be formed on a surface by the patterned beam. The dictionary decompressor at least partially decompresses the compressed representation. The dictionary decompressor comprises a first dictionary memory configured to store pattern data corresponding to a first group of the two groups of repeating pattern features and a second dictionary memory configured to store pattern data corresponding to a second group of the two groups of repeating pattern features. The repeating pattern features in the first group have one or more differing characteristics than the repeating pattern features in the second group. Related methods are also provided.
US07826668B1
Properties of pixels of a digital image are sampled within different subdivisions of an editing tool impression to produce different property distributions. The subdivisions may be differently-located within the tool impression. The property distributions from each region are classified to identify different edit classes within the property space, which are then used to apply an edit effect to the digital image within the tool impression. The edit classes may be represented by an edit profile in two or more dimensions (e.g., applying to one or more pixel properties).
US07826665B2
In a system for updating a contacts database (42, 46), a portable imager (12) acquires a digital business card image (10). An image segmenter (16) extracts text image segments from the digital business card image. An optical character recognizer (OCR) (26) generates one or more textual content candidates for each text image segment. A scoring processor (36) scores each textual content candidate based on results of database queries respective to the textual content candidates. A content selector (38) selects a textual content candidate for each text image segment based at least on the assigned scores. An interface (50) is configured to update the contacts list based on the selected textual content candidates.
US07826661B2
A method of representing a group of images comprises determining the values of one or more dominant colors for the group of images and deriving a dominant color representation expressing the group of images in terms of one or more of said dominant color values.
US07826652B2
First and second images of respective portions of a cytological specimen are acquired at different brightness levels. Sections of the respective first image are selected and combined with selected sections of the second image of each portion to form a composite image, so that non-nuclei cytological components that would otherwise appear dark in a single exposure image are brighter in the composite image.
US07826646B2
A computer-implemented method separates gingiva from a model of a tooth by defining a cutting surface along the gingiva; and applying the cutting surface to the tooth to separate the gingiva from the tooth.
US07826638B2
Methods and apparatus are provided for subjecting an original, pixel domain image to an Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) to obtain a matrix of wavelet coefficients; selecting at least one bit plane between a least significant bit plane and a most significant bit plane of the matrix of wavelet coefficients; compressing the at least one selected bit plane to produce free space in the at least one selected bit plane; embedding hidden data in the free space of the at least one compressed bit plane; and subjecting the at least one embedded bit plane to an Inverse IWT to produce a marked pixel domain image. Methods and apparatus are also provided for reversing this process.
US07826637B2
A digital watermark embedding apparatus for embedding watermark information into a digital content, obtains a predetermined topological invariant corresponding to the watermark information to be embedded into the digital content, and sets the predetermined topological invariant to the digital content by modifying the digital content into which the watermark information is to be embedded.
US07826634B2
According to one embodiment, a front frame forms a cabinet, and a display screen of an image display unit is arranged to be exposed from an opening at the center thereof. A frame forming portion is located at the lower part of the front frame, and sound emitting units which open elongatedly in a longitudinal direction of the frame forming portion are formed. A cabinet surface is formed continuously to the bottom side of the opening and is tilted and retreated while being bent in a direction of the back face of the front frame as it goes downwards.
US07826631B2
The adaptation of a hearing aid to the wearer is made more convenient according to a hearing aid and method of use. A hearing situation is classified according to a hearing situation at any one time, the sound of the hearing aid is stored, and subsequently the sound setting with the assigned classification is stored. In this case, the sound setting is automatically stored with the associated classification after each adjustment.
US07826630B2
A sound localization apparatus capable of localizing a sound image at a given position, in a simple configuration is provided with: a first signal processor for convoluting an input audio signal with a first impulse response corresponding to a path from a reference sound source position to the listener's left ear to generate a left-channel audio signal for localization; a second signal processor for convoluting the input audio signal with a second impulse response corresponding to a path from the reference sound source position to the listener's right ear to generate a right-channel audio signal for localization; and a third signal processor for applying a third impulse response so as to localize a sound image obtained by reproducing the audio signals for localization at a position different from the reference sound source position.
US07826627B2
A computerized wagering game system includes a gaming module comprising a processor and gaming code which is operable when executed on the processor to present a wagering game on which monetary value can be wagered, and an audio channel coupled to a user volume control module. The user volume control module is operable to adjust a system volume in response to a user input, wherein the system volume is adjusted relative to a master volume setting such that the way in which the system volume is changed relative to the master volume in response to change in the user volume is dependent on the master volume setting.
US07826626B2
A system and method provide at least a single stage optimization process which maximizes the flatness of the net subwoofer and satellite speaker response in and around a cross-over region. A first stage determines an optimal cross-over frequency by minimizing an objective function in a region around the cross-over frequency. Such objective function measures the variation of the magnitude response in the cross-over region. An optional second stage applies all-pass filtering to reduce incoherent addition of signals from different speakers in the cross-over region. The all-pass filters are preferably included in signal processing for the satellite speakers, and provide a frequency dependent phase adjustment to reduce incoherency between the center and left and right speakers and the subwoofer. The all-pass filters are derived using a recursive adaptive algorithm.
US07826623B2
The invention is directed to a handsfree system for use in a vehicle comprising a microphone array with at least two microphones and a signal processing means wherein the signal processing means comprises the superdirective beamformer with fixed superdirective filters.
US07826617B2
The details of an apparatus and method for determining uplink ciphering activation time in universal mobile telecommunications system user equipment are disclosed herein. The ciphering activation time is determined for radio bearers other than RB2 by measuring the data rate on each target radio bearer during the time that it takes for a polling or RRC message sent from the user equipment UE to be acknowledged by the network UTRAN. For RB2, the uplink ciphering activation time is determined by taking into account the size of the RRC response message and the data already queued on RB2 for transmission.
US07826612B2
A computer connected to a memory. The computer to execute an encryption program in the memory. The encryption program including an incremental modular multiplication portion to calculate a first product. The incremental modular multiplication portion to calculate a second product from a prefixed first product. A modular reduction portion to reduce the second product. The reduced second product is provided to a multiplication portion of the encryption program to generate encryption keys.
US07826611B2
A system and method for exchanging a transformed message with enhanced privacy is presented. A set of input messages is defined. A set of output messages is defined. A message is selected from the input messages set. One or more words in the selected message are efficiently transformed directly into a transformed message different from the selected message, wherein the transformed message belongs to the set of output messages, at least one component of the selected message is recoverable from the transformed message, and the cost of determining whether the transformed message belongs to the input messages set or the output messages set exceeds a defined threshold.
US07826610B2
The invention concerns a method to secure an electronic assembly implementing any algorithm against attacks by error introduction. The method according to the invention consists in performing an additional calculation using a verification function on at least one intermediate result in order to obtain a calculation signature and in performing a least once more all or part of the calculation in order to recalculate said signature and compare them in order to detect a possible error.
US07826603B1
A method and system to provide push-to-talk from one user to another in a wireless packet data telecommunications network is described. The system may include: a wireless communication network including push-to-talk (PTT) functionality, with a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Proxy Server; a SIP Registrar and Location Server operable to store contact addresses of active mobile devices; a Realtime Transport Protocol (RTP) Media Gateway (PTT Server) operable to function as a call endpoint for each of a plurality of mobile devices wherein the plurality of mobile devices are segmented into membership groups, the PTT Server further operable to multicast a communication from one member of the group to the other members of the group; and an Internet Protocol (IP) network interconnecting the SIP Proxy server, the SIP Registrar and Location Server, and the PTT Server.
US07826601B2
Systems and methods for providing real-time conversation among a plurality of disparate communication devices include receiving a first communication from a first communication device operating in a first communication mode, translating the first communication into a second communication that is suitable for processing by a second communication device operating in a second communication mode, wherein the second communication mode is different from the first communication mode, and providing the second communication to the second communication device.
US07826598B1
A method, system and apparatus for providing emergency service location of an IP telephony client. A request for an emergency call is received from the IP telephony client. Subsequently, it is determined whether an actual location of the IP telephony client is encompassed by a first location data stored at a corresponding Automatic Location Identification (ALI) database that associates a unique identifier of the IP telephony client with the first location data. The unique identifier is sent for receipt by a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) associated with the ALI database, if the actual location is encompassed by the first location data. An Emergency Location Information Number (ELIN) is sent for receipt by the PSAP if the actual location is not encompassed by the first location data, wherein the ELIN is associated with the actual location at the ALI database.
US07826596B2
A radiation therapy apparatus has a multi-leaf collimator device having a pair of collimator components which respectively comprise a plurality of leaves arranged close to one another such that the leaves face one another across an irradiation axis, and configured to set a desired irradiation field by individually moving the leaves. One of the collimator components is arranged with an offset with respect to the other collimator component, within a range of a leaf-width.
US07826595B2
Micro-focus field emission x-ray sources and related methods are provided. A micro-focus field emission x-ray source can include a field emission cathode including a film with a layer of electron field emitting materials patterned on a conducting surface. Further, the x-ray source can include a gate electrode for extracting field emitted electrons from the cathode when a bias electrical field is applied between the gate electrode and the cathode. The x-ray source can also include an anode. Further, the x-ray source can include an electrostatic focusing unit between the gate electrode and anode. The electrostatic focusing unit can include multiple focusing electrodes that are electrically separated from each other. Each of the electrodes can have an independently adjustable electrical potential. A controller can be configured to adjust at least one of the electrical potentials of the focusing electrodes and to adjust a size of the cathode.
US07826594B2
A system and method for addressing individual electron emitters in an emitter array is disclosed. The system includes an emitter array comprising a plurality of emitter elements arranged in a non-rectangular layout and configured to generate at least one electron beam and a plurality of extraction grids positioned adjacent to the emitter array, each extraction grid being associated with at least one emitter element to extract the at least one electron beam therefrom. The field emitter array system also includes a plurality of voltage control channels connected to the plurality of emitter elements and the plurality of extraction grids such that each of the emitter elements and each of the extraction grids is individually addressable. In the field emitter array system, the number of voltage control channels is equal to the sum of a pair of integers closest in value whose product equals the number of emitter elements.
US07826593B2
A collimator (1) primarily adapted for usage in a narrow scanned pencil beam radiation therapy system (100) includes adjacent pairs (5) of collimator leaves (10, 20). An inner portion (12) of a collimator leaf (10) facing the opposite leaf (20) of a pair (5) is made of a first material having high linear radiation attenuation. The remaining, major portion (14) of the leaf (10) is made of a second material having a comparatively low density, weight and radiation attenuation. The collimator (1) provides effective penumbra trimming of a radiation beam (60), while simultaneously protecting healthy tissue around a tumor in an irradiated patient (80) from the radiation. The new design results in a significantly more compact, lighter and less expensive collimator (1) as compared to traditional collimators.
US07826589B2
The present invention is directed towards an X-ray people screening system capable of rapidly screening people for detection of metals, low Z materials (plastics, ceramics and illicit drugs) and other contraband which might be concealed beneath the person's clothing or on the person's body. In an exemplary embodiment, the scanning system has two scanning modules that are placed in parallel, yet opposing positions relative to each other. The two modules are spaced to allow a subject, such as a person, to stand and pass between the two scanning modules. The first module and second module each include a radiation source (such as X-ray radiation) and a detector array. The subject under inspection stands between the two modules such that a front side of the subject faces one module and the back side of the subject faces the other module.
US07826588B2
In a device and an associated method, an x-ray source and a digital x-ray detector to generate digital x-ray images of an examination subject or of a sample. A partial region of the digital x-ray detector is used to generate an x-ray image of the sample. The examination subject thus remains in the device. This has the advantage that the sample can be examined while the examination subject, for example a female breast, remains in an unchanged position.
US07826578B1
A data processing system including an input data port for receiving input data samples asynchronous to a native clock signal and having an input sample rate, a first sample rate converter for converting the data samples from the input sample rate to a sample rate synchronous with a rate of the native clock signal, and a data converter for converting data samples output from the first sample rate converter to another format. An analog to digital converter converts an analog signal into output data samples with a sample rate synchronous with the rate of the native clock signal, and a second sample rate converter converts the sample rate of the output data samples from the sample rate synchronous with the rate of the native clock signal to an output sample rate such that output data samples are asynchronous to the native clock signal.
US07826572B2
A method of adjusting overlap-and-add length for zero-padded suffixes. The method includes, based on a channel impulse response, estimating an effective channel length. When the effective channel length is less than a default overlap-and-add length and greater than a minimum length, the method includes setting the overlap-and-add length to the effective channel length. When the effective channel length is less than the minimum length, the method includes setting the overlap-and-add length to the minimum length. When the effective channel length is greater than the default overlap-and-add length, the method includes setting the overlap-and-add length to the default overlap-and-add length.
US07826567B2
Receivers (1) for receiving frequency signals are, to improve their time synchronization accuracy, provided with synchronization stages (20) for performing a coarse time synchronization through autocorrelating samples of a group of preamble symbols (t1,t2,t3) and a fine time synchronization through crosscorrelating samples of a further group of preamble symbols (t10,G1) with predefined samples. The synchronization stages (20) also perform a coarse and a fine frequency synchronization through detecting and accumulating phases of samples of a yet further group of preamble symbols (t8,t9) and of another group of preamble symbols (T1,T2). The synchronization stages (20) have buffering units (21) and controlling units (22) for controlling mixing units (11) and transformating units (12) in processing stages (10). The preamble symbols have ten short preamble symbols (t1-t10), a guard interval preamble symbol (G 1) and two training symbols (T 1,T2).
US07826563B2
A system and method are provided for multi-modulus division. The method accepts an input first signal having a first frequency and divides the first frequency by an integral number. A second signal is generated with a plurality of phase outputs, each having a second frequency. Using a daisy-chain register controller, phase outputs are selected and supplied as a third signal with a frequency. Selecting phase outputs using the daisy-chain register controller includes supplying the third signal as a clock signal to registers having outputs connected in a daisy-chain. Then, a sequence of register output pulses is generated in response to the clock signals, and register output pulses are chosen from the sequence to select second signal phase outputs. By using 8-second signal phase outputs, a third signal is obtained with a frequency equal to the second frequency multiplied by one of the following numbers: 0.75, 0.875, 1, 1.125, or 1.25.
US07826559B2
A training sequence is created for space-time diversity arrangement, having any training sequence length, while limiting the training sequence to a standard constellation. Given a number of channel unknowns that need to be estimated, L, a training sequence can be creates that yields minimum means squared estimation error for lengths Nt=kNPRUS+L−1, for any positive integer k≧1, where NPRUS is a selected perfect roots-of-unity sequence (PRUS) of length N. The training sequence is created by concatenating k of the length N perfect roots-of-unity sequences, followed by L−1 initial symbols of that same PRUS. Good training sequences can be created for lengths Nt that cannot be obtained through the above method by concatenating a requisite number of symbols found through an exhaustive search.
US07826553B2
A multilevel LINC transmitter. The multilevel LINC transmitter comprises a multilevel signal component separator, a phase modulator block, a mixer block, an up-converter block, a predistorter and an RF block. The multilevel signal component separator comprises a multilevel scaler and converts an input signal to phase signals. The phase modulator block and the predistorter are coupled to the multilevel signal component separator. The mixer block is coupled to the phase modulator block and the predistorter. The up-converter block is coupled to the mixer block. The RF block comprises a plurality of power amplifiers coupled to the up-converter block and a power combiner coupled to the power amplifiers.
US07826544B2
In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes a method defining order and means in which physical parameters of a received OFDM signal may be detected. A fractional frequency offset is determined for the OFDM signal and is used to determine a coarse location for received signal preamble. A symbol boundary is determined based on the coarse location and the course location is used to determine preamble location. A preamble sequence and integer frequency offset is determined based on the preamble location.
US07826543B2
The present invention relates to a mobile station of an OFDMA system and a transmit power control method thereof. The mobile station includes a modulator, a variable gain amplifier, a gain controller, and a power controller. The modulator modulates transmit data according to the number of allocated subchannels, and the variable gain amplifier amplifies the transmit data. The gain controller controls a gain of the transmit data inputted to the variable gain amplifier according to a subchannel gain value corresponding to the number of subchannels. The power controller calculates a power control gain for controlling power of the transmit data except the subchannel gain value based on the signal received from the base station and outputs the power control gain to the variable gain amplifier.
US07826538B1
Use of power line carrier communications which introduces a high frequency analog signal onto a cable used to convey power in a portion of an electric distribution network to send a data communication received at a distant receiver through the use of pick-up coil. Changes in the power level of signals received from a remote power line carrier transmitter may indicate that the pick-up coil receiving the signal is starting to degrade. The aggregation of certain power line carrier conveyed data communications about remote transformers and related equipment may be used to look for problems in this transmitter/receiver communication network. The disclosure includes the aggregation of data communications from one transmitter received at several different power line carrier pick-up coils through the phenomenon of cross talk or through the purposeful provision of data along an alternative communication path.
US07826537B2
A scalable layered video coding scheme that encodes video data frames into multiple layers, including a base layer of comparatively low quality video and multiple enhancement layers of increasingly higher quality video, adds error resilience to the enhancement layer. Unique resynchronization marks are inserted into the enhancement layer bitstream in headers associated with each video packet, headers associated with each bit plane, and headers associated with each video-of-plane (VOP) segment. Following transmission of the enhancement layer bitstream, the decoder tries to detect errors in the packets. Upon detection, the decoder seeks forward in the bitstream for the next known resynchronization mark. Once this mark is found, the decoder is able to begin decoding the next video packet. With the addition of many resynchronization marks within each frame, the decoder can recover very quickly and with minimal data loss in the event of a packet loss or channel error in the received enhancement layer bitstream. The video coding scheme also facilitates redundant encoding of header information from the higher-level VOP header down into lower level bit plane headers and video packet headers. Header extension codes are added to the bit plane and video packet headers to identify whether the redundant data is included.
US07826536B2
The time until a media decoder is refreshed to produce correct output samples is minimized if an IDR picture is the first picture in a decoding order in each MPE-FEC frame. A system enabling minimization of tune-in delay is described. Aspects of the system include a content encoder for receiving a source signal including first and second bit streams and for encoding the first and second bit streams, the encoded first bit stream including a decoder refresh bit stream and the encoded second bit stream including a media bit stream. A server receives the encoded first and second bit streams and encapsulates the encoded first and second bit streams into packets. An encapsulator then receives the packets and composes a time-sliced multi-protocol encapsultation (MPE) stream by replacing a spliceable picture from the encoded second bit stream.
US07826535B2
A system (5) processes pixel data representing one of a first image compressed according to a first compression algorithm and a second image compressed according to a second compression algorithm. A pixel analyzer (32) generates first and second selection signals depending on the type of image. A processing module (40) includes first circuits arranged to process the data in response to a first selection signal and second circuits arranged to process the data in response to a second selection signal. A control processor (10) enables the first circuits in response to the first selection signal and enables the second circuits in response to the second selection signal.
US07826522B2
Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to systems, methods, and apparatuses for an automatic calibration circuit for a continuous-time equalizer (CTE). In some embodiments, the calibration circuit separately locks the direct (DC) voltage swing and the alternating (AC) voltage swing of a CTE to reference voltage.
US07826514B2
A radio transmitter-receiver wherein a pilot symbol is used in the transmitter that has undergone M-chip spreading on the frequency axis and N-chip spreading on the time axis by a spreading code of M×N chip length (where M and N are any integers equal to or greater than 2), and in the receiver, a spreading code that is not used in spreading said pilot signal is used as a despreading code to despread a received signal and then estimate noise and interference power. The spreading code that is used to spread the pilot symbol and the despreading code that is used in despreading are assigned so as to be orthogonal even if only in N chips on the time axis.
US07826509B2
A broadly tunable single-mode infrared laser source based on semiconductor lasers. The laser source has two parts: an array of closely-spaced DFB QCLs (or other semiconductor lasers) and a controller that can switch each of the individual lasers in the array on and off, set current for each of the lasers and, and control the temperature of the lasers in the array. The device can be used in portable broadband sensors to simultaneously detect a large number of compounds including chemical and biological agents. A microelectronic controller is combined with an array of individually-addressed DFB QCLs with slightly different DFB grating periods fabricated on the same broadband (or multiple wavelengths) QCL material. This allows building a compact source providing narrow-line broadly-tunable coherent radiation in the Infrared or Terahertz spectral range (as well as in the Ultraviolet and Visible spectral ranges, using semiconductor lasers with different active region design). The performance (tuning range, line width, power level) is comparable to that of external grating tunable semiconductor lasers, but the proposed design is much smaller and much easier to manufacture.
US07826504B2
Metamaterial structures are taught which provide for the modulation of terahertz frequency signals. Each element within an array of metamaterial (MM) elements comprises multiple loops and at least one gap. The MM elements may comprise resonators with conductive loops and insulated gaps, or the inverse in which insulated loops are present with conductive gaps; each providing useful transmissive control properties. The metamaterial elements are fabricated on a semiconducting substrate configured with a means of enhancing or depleting electrons from near the gaps of the MM elements. An on to off transmissivity ratio of about 0.5 is achieved with this approach. Embodiments are described in which the MM elements incorporated within a Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) to provide surface emitting (SE) properties.
US07826501B2
A mode hop-free tunable laser including a gain medium, a microfabricated blazed grating, defining an external cavity of a given length, the blazed grating lying in a general plane and including a plurality of elongate beams carrying mutually parallel respective reflection surfaces spaced apart from one another with a predefined pitch, and actuating elements designed so as to allow displacements of the assembly with respect to a grating support within a plane substantially parallel to the grating general plane, and including actuation elements designed so as to apply a stretching and a displacement of the assembly in a direction transverse to said reflection surfaces, the blazed grating being arranged relative to an incident light beam provided by the gain medium so that the incident light beam impinges on the reflection surfaces with a substantially normal incident angle.
US07826496B2
Gaming systems to manage the secure download of data to a very large number of network connected client gaming machines distributed within large geographic areas. The gaming systems utilize adaptive data throttling and make optimal use of network data bandwidth. The gaming systems may advantageously manage simultaneous data downloading to millions of network connected gaming machines via private networks, public networks and/or the Internet. A close-loop download regulation algorithm achieves the highest download capacity for the files without exceeding the maximum network capacity and without degrading the operational traffic performance between the server and the connected client gaming machine.
US07826493B2
Methods and apparatus for acquiring and verifying a code used by a base station. Acquisition time is reduced and circuitry simplified by performing Phase I and Phase II acquisitions in series, but in parallel with Phase III acquisition and verification, which are done in series. Phase III code acquisition is done by despreading the input signal using each of the possible codes in a code group. An estimation of the frequency offset between the base station and the terminal's local reference is used to correct the phase of the despread signals, which are coherently and non-coherently integrated. The largest accumulated value corresponds to the code used by the base station. The code is verified by despreading the received signal, applying a frequency correction, and demodulating. The demodulated output is a series of symbols, and a count of these symbols verifies the acquired code.
US07826485B2
Apparatus and methods implement aggregation frames and allocation frames. The aggregation frames include a plurality of MSDUs or fragments thereof aggregated or otherwise combined together. An aggregation frame makes more efficient use of the wireless communication resources. The allocation frame defines a plurality of time intervals. The allocation frame specifies a pair of stations that are permitted to communicate with each other during each time interval as well as the antenna configuration to be used for the communication. This permits stations to know ahead of time when they are to communicate, with which other stations and the antenna configuration that should be used. A buffered traffic field can also be added to the frames to specify how much data remains to be transmitted following the current frame. This enables network traffic to be scheduled more effectively.
US07826472B2
A method for providing priority access to 802.11 endpoints. The method includes the steps of sending a Clear To Send (CTS) frame from a designated station, without requiring a Request to Send (RTS) frame from a first station. The CTS frame includes a field identifying the first station for commencing transmission, and a field indicating a duration of transmission. A deferring step is also performed for deferring any transmissions of stations other than the first station until after the duration indicated in the CTS frame has passed.
US07826457B2
A method and system for handling or processing out-of-order TCP segments in a wireless system may comprise at least one of: placing a first TCP segment received by a wireless network processor in a host buffer and having a mapping between a TCP sequence number and a corresponding buffer address. It may be determined whether a second TCP segment received by the wireless network processor is one of an in-order TCP segment or an out-of-order TCP segment. If the second received TCP segment is an out-of-order TCP segment, then control information associated with at least the second TCP segment may be stored locally on the wireless network processor. The out-of-order TCP segment may be placed in a portion of the host buffer.
US07826452B1
A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media for a switch comprising a plurality of network ports and a central processing unit (CPU) interface comprises receiving, on one of the network ports, a packet comprising a source media access control (MAC) address; sending, to the CPU interface, a request to approve an association between the one of the network ports and the source MAC address when no request to approve the association between the one of the network ports and the source MAC address has been sent to the CPU interface; and sending, to the CPU interface, the request to approve the association between the one of the network ports and the source MAC address when an association between the source MAC address and a different one of the network ports has been approved.
US07826451B2
Disclosed is a method for stateless group communication based on constructing and encoding sender based trees. The headers obtained by encoding the distribution trees are inserted in each communication packet. The encoding allows partial or full decoding of the distribution trees. The encoding is performed to minimize the overhead of the header and the processing required for partial decoding of the distribution tree. The invention includes mechanisms for processing the encoded header at intermediate nodes in the distribution tree in order to determine the next communication nodes and mechanisms for modification and re-encoding of the trees in order to provide resilience to network failures or to react to application level specified conditions.
US07826449B2
The reassembly timer in a TCP/IP receiver is dynamically set to avoid data corruption on fast networks caused by IP identification wrap-around. A sender generates IP packets with a special option specifying a reassembly time for fragments based on the subnet of the destination or on the calculated round-trip time of the connection. A receiver sets the reassembly timer to the reassembly time specified in the option. A sender can generate IP packets with an alternative option setting a time stamp for the generated packet. A receiver calculates a traversal time based on the difference between the arrival time of the fragment and this time stamp, and sets the reassembly timer based on this traversal time. A receiver can independently set the reassembly timer to a first reassembly time set by the user for fast networks or to a second reassembly timer set by the user for slow networks based on whether the receiver and sender are on the same subnet.
US07826439B2
A method of transmitting feedback information is disclosed. More specifically, a mobile station (MS) receives a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) which includes a Medium Access Channel (MAC) header from a base station (BS). Thereafter, the MS determines from the received MAC header whether an extended subheader group appears after the MAC header, and also identifies a feedback request extended subheader from the extended subheader group. Lastly, the MS transmits the feedback information according to the feedback request extended subheader.
US07826437B2
A protocol for optimizing the use of coded transmissions such as over wireless links. In this technique, interframes are split into segments selected to be an optimum size according to transmission characteristics of the radio channel. The inverse process is applied at the receiver. Using this scheme, segments containing erroneous data may be present.
US07826422B2
A method for creating and maintaining semi-dynamic frequency hopping communities. Each community is a set of neighboring cells, such as wireless regional area networks (WRANs) according to IEEE 802.22, that follow a protocol defining coordinated frequency hopping operations, e.g., hopping is performed by community members according to a leader-defined hopping pattern rather than to channels selected in the prior operation period. Each community has one leader base station and one or more community member base stations. The leader determines membership, calculates hopping patterns for all members, and distributes the hopping information to the community members. Members provide their neighborhood and channel availability information, e.g., information about their sensing results and channel usage of neighboring WRANs. In exemplary communities, the community members are one-hop neighbors, each community member is configured to perform sensing concurrently with data transmissions, and the number of available channels is greater than the number of members.
US07826421B2
A platform for supporting a network-enabled application is configured to render the network enabled application for a user, via a user interface associated with the user, in accordance with various APIs included in the platform and used by a program developer to develop the network-enabled application. The rendering can included recognizing that the user interface is a mobile user interface and rendering the network-enabled application in a manner appropriate and/or optimal for the mobile user interface.
US07826420B2
In a centralized radio network consisting of several devices one device acts as master or network coordinator and has a transmission range. Basically, other devices of the network are able to adopt the role of a coordinator. This ability is used to enlarge the area of the network to a size larger than the transmission range of the master. A device asks its parent PNC to become a child PNC when a newly turned on device acts as a temporary PNC and broadcasts an initiation beacon indicating that it looks for a child PNC. The child PNC reports that it is available. The new device determines one of the available child PNCs to be its new master. The acknowledgment for the selected child PNC may be broadcasted to inform all the devices in the transmission range of the new device. The new device quits the role of the temporary PNC and associates to the existing network.
US07826419B2
The invention concerns a method (200) and system for improving transmission or receipt of channel descriptors. The method can include the steps of—in a wireless communication system (100) that periodically broadcasts regular channel descriptors (310) at a set interval (312)—changing (212) a modulation scheme and transmitting (216) one or more supplementary channel descriptors (314) during the set interval between regular channel descriptors. The method can also include the step of periodically transmitting (214) a channel descriptor count (412) that provides an indication of the changed modulation scheme.
US07826416B2
Certain embodiments of the invention may be found in a method and system for a simplified user group selection scheme with finite-rate channel state information feedback for frequency division duplex (FDD) multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) downlink transmission. Aspects of the method may include selecting, from a plurality of users, a first user having a channel gain that is greater than a channel gain corresponding to a remaining portion of the plurality of users. At least a second user may be selected from a portion of the remaining portion of the plurality of users. The selected at least the second user has a channel direction that may be approximately orthogonal to that of the first user. The channel gain may be defined by a quantized channel gain. A quantized channel direction of the selected first user may be determined for the selecting the at least the second user.
US07826404B2
Methods and apparatuses for dynamic error rate management. A wireless station may receive one or more data transfer parameters from another wireless station using a wireless communications protocol. Data may be selected to be transferred between the stations according to the wireless communications protocol based, at least in part, on the one or more data transfer parameters. The one or more data parameters may include a target packet error rate (PER).
US07826403B2
When no messages exist which must be notified to a mobile transmitting/receiving apparatus (102), a carrier signal of non-modulation is outputted in an area of control information of transport data having a frame structure. As a specific example, an FSK modulator (16) causes a carrier signal of non-modulation to be outputted by a transmitting circuit (17) from a line control apparatus (101) in correspondence with the area for control information in which non-modulation data is set by a frame data processing unit (15), while causing a modulated wave signal as four-level FSK modulated to be outputted in the areas other than the non-modulation data area. When non-modulation data is set in the area for control information, function channel identification information in the same frame is set as non-modulation identification data, thereby allowing any unstable operation in the mobile transmitting/receiving apparatus (102) on the receiving side to be avoided.
US07826401B2
An exemplary method for mapping a network address translator on a packet based network that is between a client and a server comprises the steps of the client communicating a first message including a first client address to the server, the server extracting the first client address, and the server communicating a confirmation to the client including identifying data useful to identify the client to the server. Additional steps comprise the client communicating a mapper message to the server including the identifying data, the mapper message having external client address data when the server receives it, and the server extracting said identifying data and using it to identify the client. An additional step of comparing the external client address data to the first client address and using said comparison to map the one or more security devices is provided.
US07826398B2
The present technology relates to protocols relative to utility meters associated with an open operational framework. More particularly, the present subject matter relates to protocol subject matter for advanced metering infrastructure, adaptable to various international standards, while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field. The present subject matter supports meters within an ANSI standard C12.22/C12.19 system while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field, all to permit cell-based adaptive insertion of C12.22 meters within an open framework. Cell isolation is provided through quasi-orthogonal sequences in a frequency hopping network. Additional features relate to apparatus and methodology subject matters relating to broadcast acknowledgement features.
US07826396B2
A method is provided for a host node in a computer network to determine its coordinates in a d-dimensional network space, comprising discovering an address of a peer node in the network, measuring network latency between the host node and the peer node, determining whether network latency has been measured for at least d+1 peer nodes, where, if network latency has not been measured for at least d+1 peer nodes, estimating the network coordinates of the host node, and where, if network latency has been measured for at least d+1 peer nodes, calculating the network coordinates of the host node using d+1 measured latencies.
US07826393B2
Provided is a computer system capable of cutting the cost of running and managing a company network and improving the security of the network by reducing wrong settings and skipped settings due to human factor. The computer system has switches which constitute a network, a management computer which is connected to the network and manages the network, and clients which are connected to the switches. The management computer sets each switch such that client authentication is executed at port provided in the switch that can be connected to the client. The client authentication is processing of verifying whether the client has the right to connect to the network.
US07826391B2
A system and method are described for selecting a service state using a configurable abstraction layer. A comparison is made between network parameters of a Network Performance Layer and network services of a Service Layer. Once network parameters are within a threshold for providing a given service, a state change can be made in the configuration parameters to suit the provided service.
US07826371B2
A method and device for a flow control over network devices includes a receiving end device and a transmitting end device. The receiving end device monitors an input buffer and determines whether an available space in the input buffer is less than a predetermined threshold. Upon determining that the available space in the input buffer is less than the predetermined threshold, the receiving end device sets, in a MAC control code, an identifier that indicates an extended pause frame, and transmits the extended pause frame to the transmitting end device. The receiving end device also sets, in a stop time period field, output control data to control data transmission for each class based on the available space in the input buffer. Based on the output control data of the extended pause frame transmitted from the receiving end device, the transmitting end device exercises band control for each priority class.
US07826365B2
Resource allocations in stream data processing systems are performed to allocate the resources in a cost-effective manner by formulating the resource allocation problem as a linear program. For a problem with a single output, a backward algorithm or method is used that produces an optimal solution in linear time. For a problem with multiple outputs and the network has a tree structure, a backward shrink algorithm or method is used to provide an optimal solution in linear time. These algorithms are fully distributed, they require only local exchange of parameters between neighboring nodes, and are adaptive to the dynamic changes in network conditions and flow rate fluctuations.
US07826362B2
In one embodiment, a VoIP-integrated router operable to interface with analog telephones and digital devices is provided. The VoIP-integrated router is configured to perform a method of estimating the upstream data rate of a modem, comprising transmitting packets at a known rate from the VoIP-integrated router through an upstream path for the modem to a node; during the transmission of the packets, transmitting Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) PING messages to the node; and based upon an examination of the PING messages and the known rate, estimating the upstream data rate of the modem.
US07826355B2
Setting up a group of virtual circuits using a single set up message request. In an embodiment, fewer than all of the virtual circuits in the group are immediately provisioned, and the remaining virtual circuits are placed in an inactive status by appropriate configuration of all the devices in the path of the group of virtual circuits. Each of the inactive virtual circuits can be activated (complete provisioning) as and when required. The bandwidth overhead on the networks is reduced as fewer signaling messages would be used in provisioning several virtual circuits. The parsing overhead is reduced on the devices processing the signaling messages as a result.
US07826344B2
A method and system for transmitting reference signals in a BWA communication system using a first transmit antenna, a second transmit antenna, and a plurality of sub-carriers. Each of the sub-carriers occupies a sub-frequency domain. In the method, reference signals for identifying a first transmit antenna are transmitted through a second predetermined number of sub-carriers in a first mini sub-channel transmitted through the first transmit antenna and occupied by a predetermined time domain and sub-frequency domains of a first predetermined number of sub-carriers, and reference signals for identifying a second transmit antenna are transmitted through the second predetermined number of the sub-carriers in a second mini sub-channel transmitted through the second transmit antenna and occupied by the time domain and the sub-frequency domains of the first predetermined number of sub-carriers.
US07826339B2
A wireless communication device transmits a hierarchically modulated reverse link (RL) WWAN signal comprising a lower modulation order component and a higher modulation order component. An interface node receives and demodulates the hierarchical modulated signal to recover the extended data sent with the higher modulation order component. The interface node sends extended data to a base station that is unable to recover the higher modulation order component from the UE device.
US07826330B2
An optical pickup device includes: a light source; a collimator lens for converting a light beam emitted from the light source into parallel light; an objective lens for converging the light beam to the optical disc; an extending portion in which a light flux transversal width as the width of the parallel direction with respect to the information recording face of the optical disc of the light beam converted into the parallel light by the collimator lens is extended until a final light flux diameter as the diameter of the light beam at an incident time to the objective lens; and a prism in which a light flux longitudinal width as the width of a direction perpendicular to the information recording face of the optical disc of the extended light beam is extended until the final light flux diameter, and the light beam is emitted to the objective lens.
US07826327B2
A method for acquiring an optimum position of a reserved block in a holographic storage system is provided. Firstly, an initial offset error between an initial reserved block and its two nearest neighbors is computed. Then, according to a dynamically adjustable modified centroid function β′, a second reserved block is obtained by interpolating the covariance values associated with the initial reserved block and the respective two nearest neighbors. Afterwards, the optimum position of the reserved block is acquired according to the second reserved block and the initial offset error.
US07826325B2
A recording and reproducing apparatus for recording data to and reproducing data from a hologram recording medium is provided. The recording and reproducing apparatus includes a light emitting unit for emitting light to be directed to the recording medium set at a predetermined position, a spatial light modulation unit for performing spatial light modulation on incident light by pixels, an image sensor for receiving incident light by pixels and converting the incident light into an electrical signal, an optical system for guiding the light emitted by the light emitting unit to the recording medium via the spatial light modulation unit while guiding, to the image sensor, light reflected from the recording medium in response to the light emitted by the light emitting unit, and a determination unit for controlling the spatial light modulation unit.
US07826323B2
A reproducing apparatus includes a signal reading unit for reading a signal from a recording medium, an equalizing unit for performing partial response equalization on the read signal and outputting an equalized signal, a maximum likelihood decoding unit for performing maximum likelihood decoding on the equalized signal to decode binary data and outputting a binary data string, a determining unit for determining whether or not a shortest code in the binary data string obtained by the maximum likelihood decoding is correct, on the basis of information on an amplitude of the equalized signal corresponding to the shortest code, a code correcting unit for correcting the shortest code in the binary data string, in accordance with a result of the determination of the determination unit, and a data demodulating unit for demodulating the binary data string obtained through the code correcting unit to obtain reproduction data from the recording medium.
US07826312B2
An optical disc apparatus includes: an optical pickup; a sled drive section that moves the optical pickup in a radial direction of an optical disc; and position control means for controlling, after bringing the optical pickup to an end of a moving range of the sled drive section, the sled drive section to move the optical pickup a predetermined distance in the opposite direction to place the optical pickup at a predetermined reference position.
US07826310B2
A navigation device for navigating a user interface of a processor-controlled device includes an acoustic transmitter adapted to transmit an acoustic signal, an acoustic receiver adapted to receive the acoustic signal and located at a fixed position with respect to the acoustic transmitter, and a measurement circuit coupled to an output of the acoustic receiver and adapted to determine a distance traversed by the navigation device as a function of time.
US07826307B2
A technique is provided for identifying an internal multiple generator in a subterranean structure. The technique includes injecting wavefields at different levels in the subterranean structure, where the different levels are proximate a predicted location of the internal multiple generator. Wavefields induced by the injected wavefields are recorded and the effect of the internal multiple generator based on the recorded wavefields is determined.
US07826305B2
A latency counter includes: a frequency-dividing circuit that generates a plurality of divided clocks LCLKE and LCLKO of which the phases differ each other based on an internal clock LCLK; and frequency-divided counter circuits each of which counts a latency of an internal command based on the corresponding divided clocks LCLKE and LCLKO. Thus, the counting of the latency is performed based not on the internal clock LCLK itself but on the divided clocks LCLKE and LCLKO obtained by frequency-dividing the internal clock LCLK. Thus, even when a frequency of the internal clock LCLK is high, an operation margin can be sufficiently secured.
US07826289B2
A semiconductor memory device includes: a driving voltage supplying unit configured to detect a simultaneous activation of banks and selectively supply one of a high voltage and an external voltage lower than the high voltage as a driving voltage; a flag detecting unit configured to detect inputs of flag signals activated in response to an active command and generate a precharge control signal; and a signal generating unit configured to generate a bit line precharge signal swinging between the driving voltage and a ground voltage in response to the precharge control signal.
US07826283B2
A logic circuit operates write receivers in a dynamic random access memory device in either a low-power mode, high write latency mode or a high-power mode, low write latency mode. The logic circuit receives a first signal indicative of whether the high-power, low write latency mode has been enabled, a second signal indicative of whether a row of memory cells in the memory device is active, a third signal indicative of whether the memory device is being operated in a power down mode, and a fourth signal indicative of whether read transmitters in the memory device are active. The logic circuit maintains power to the write receivers whenever the high-power, low write latency mode has been enabled if a row of memory cells in the memory device is active, the memory device is not being operated in the power down mode, and the read transmitters in the memory device are not active.
US07826282B2
A Random Access Memory (RAM) and method of using the same are disclosed. The RAM includes a plurality of memory cells arranged in columns and in rows with each memory cell coupled to at least one word line and at least one bit line. The RAM includes a plurality of switches with at least one of the switches coupled between two of the memory cells to allow data to be copied from one of the two memory cells to the other of the two memory cells. In another aspect, the two memory cells can be considered a dual bit cell that contains a copying mechanism. There are two interleaved memory planes, assembled from bit cells that contain two bits of information. One bit is the primary bit that corresponds to the normal RAM bit. The second bit is able to receive a copy and hold the primary value. When the copying mechanism is over, the two memory planes may act as two completely independent structures.
US07826276B2
Provided are a non-volatile memory device in which time required for programming may be saved, and a method of driving the same. The non-volatile memory device may include a memory cell array with a plurality of memory cells; an input/output buffer having a storage unit that stores data and indicator bits representing information regarding the data; a data scanning unit that receives the stored data from the input/output buffer in units of scanning, and that scans the received data, the received data being selectively programmed in the memory cells according to a result of scanning the data; and/or a control logic unit that controls the data stored in the input/output buffer in units of scanning to be selectively supplied to the data scanning unit based on the states of the indicator bits.
US07826275B2
A memory circuit with relatively high reading speed and relatively low switching noise is provided. The memory circuit includes an output buffer device having a first input receiving a data signal having a first voltage level, a second input receiving a pre-set voltage having a second voltage level and an output outputting the data signal, and a pre-set circuit constructed by a pair of MOSFETs and providing the pre-set voltage to the second input before the output buffer device receives the data signal. The pre-set circuit receives a control signal activating the pair of MOSFETs at the same time, and when the output buffer device receives the data signal, a voltage level of the second input is swung from the second level to the first voltage level.
US07826274B2
The present disclosure includes various method, device, and system embodiments for reducing non-volatile memory cell read failures. One such method embodiment includes performing a first read operation, using an initial read potential, to determine a state of a selected memory cell in a string of non-volatile memory cells. This method includes determining whether the state of the selected memory cell is an incorrect state by performing a first check using a data checking technique, and if the incorrect state is determined, performing a number of subsequent read operations using read potentials stepped to a higher and a lower read potential to a particular count of read operations.
US07826257B2
The invention relates to a magneto-resistance effect element and a magnetic memory device. Lowering the magnetic domain wall movement current and drive at room temperature in a current induction single magnetic domain wall movement phenomenon are achieved. A magneto-resistance effect element is formed by including at least: a magnet wire 1 for forming magnetic domain wall potential 7 binding a single magnetic domain wall 2; a magnetic field applying means for generating a magnetic field for introducing the single magnetic domain wall 2 into the magnet wire 1; and a drive current applying means for applying the current 3 including a resonance frequency component determined on the basis of the magnetic domain wall potential 7.
US07826256B2
Spin-transfer torque memory having a compensation element is disclosed. The spin-transfer torque memory unit includes a synthetic antiferromagnetic reference element, a synthetic antiferromagnetic compensation element, a free magnetic layer between the synthetic antiferromagnetic reference element and the synthetic antiferromagnetic compensation element, and an electrically insulating and non-magnetic tunneling barrier layer separating the free magnetic layer from the synthetic antiferromagnetic reference element. The free magnetic layer has a saturation moment value greater than 1100 emu/cc.
US07826243B2
Stacking techniques are illustrated in example embodiments of the present invention wherein semiconductor dies are mounted in a module to become a MCM which serves as the basic building block. A combination of these modules and dies in a substrate creates a package with specific function or a range of memory capacity. Several example system configurations are provided using BGA and PGA to illustrate the stacking technique. Several pin assignment and signal routing techniques are illustrated wherein internal and external signals are routed from main board to various stacked modules. Expansion can be done both on the vertical and horizontal orientations.
US07826240B2
An adapter connection structure, which includes a first converter and a second converter. The first converter is connected to at least one input terminal to receive an input power and converts the input power into a transitional power. The second converter is connected to the first converter via a transit cable to transmit the transitional power, converts the transitional power into a DC output power and outputs the DC output power via a DC power cable. As the transitional power transmitted from the first converter to the second converter is in the form of a high-voltage and high-frequency AC power or a high-voltage DC power, the power transmission loss in the transit cable is reduced. Therefore, the present invention reduces transmission loss.
US07826238B2
A power control system (25) uses two separate currents to control a startup operation of the power control system (25). The two currents are shunted to ground to inhibit operation of the power control system (25) and one of the two currents is disabled to minimize power dissipation. The two independently controlled currents are generated by a multiple output current high voltage device (12) responsively to two separate control signals (23,24).
US07826234B2
An electronic device includes a base, an intermediate member and a lens. The base includes a guiding portion, and a first, second and third connecting portions. The intermediate member includes a first, second and third engaging portions connected to the first, second and third connecting portions, respectively. The lens is disposed at a predetermined position via the intermediate member. When the first engaging portion situated in a first position is connected to the first connecting portion, the intermediate member has at least two degrees of freedom. When the intermediate member is positioned at a second position from the first position by the guide of the guiding portion, the second and third engaging portions are connected to the second and third connecting portions, wherein the intermediate member has zero degree of freedom, and the lens is disposed at the predetermined position via the intermediate member.
US07826232B2
An assembly includes a circuit board, a terminal and a pin. The circuit board is for a controller and includes terminal mounting holes. The terminal mounting holes include a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole. The terminal includes a first mounting post that has an interference fit with said first mounting hole. The terminal also includes a second mounting post that has a transitional fit with the second mounting hole. A pin is electrically coupled to one or more of the first mounting post and the second mounting post and couples to a block connector.
US07826227B2
A heat dissipation device is disposed in an electronic device and performs thermal exchange with an electronic component of the electronic device. The heat dissipation device includes a heat sink and a plurality of fluttering slices. The heat sink is attached on the electronic component to conduct the thermal energy of the electronic component. The fluttering slices are disposed on the heat sink, and the fluttering slices are actuated to generate an airflow when the electronic device is moved, so as to disturb the air inside the electronic device, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the thermal dissipation performance.
US07826213B2
The invention relates to an access flap for shielding an opening defined in a server chassis. that the access flap includes a rotating plate, a sliding plate, and a resilient member. The rotating plate is pivotably mounted to a side of the opening of the server chassis. The rotating plate defines a plurality of first air holes therein. The sliding plate is slidably attached to the rotating plate. The sliding plate defines a plurality of second air holes therein. The resilient member includes two ends connected to the rotating plate and the sliding plate. The rotating plate can rotate and the sliding plate can slide when a functional module passes through the opening to enter into the server chassis. Thereby, he second air holes of the sliding plate are aligning with the first air holes of the rotating plate.
US07826211B2
A computer card retention device (60) is disclosed. One or more latching sections (88) are mounted on and movable relative to a computer card retainer (62). Each latching section (88) may be moved between latched and unlatched positions. Moving a latching section (88) to its unlatched position, and relative to the computer card retainer (62), allows the computer card retainer (62) to be moved from a card-restraining position to a card-access position. In one embodiment, each latching section (88) moves relative to the computer card retainer (62) along an axial path that is collinear or parallel with an axis (69) about which computer card retainer (62) may move between its card-restraining and card-access positions.
US07826209B2
A mounting apparatus is used to secure a disk drive, which defines a mounting hole therein. The mounting apparatus includes a bracket and a mounting member. The bracket is configured for receiving the disk drive therein. A through hole is defined in the bracket. A locking tab is formed on the bracket. The mounting member includes two arms and an operating portion. One end of each of the arms is pivotably secured on the bracket so that the mounting member is pivotable relative to the bracket, and the other end thereof connects with the operating portion. A positioning portion is formed on the operating member. The operating portion is capable of engaging with the locking tab of the bracket for inserting the positioning portion into the mounting hole of the disk drive via the through hole of the bracket.
US07826206B2
A receiving module for a display device includes a receiving frame and a receiving container. The receiving frame includes a bottom part and a plurality of side parts extending from a peripheral portion of the bottom part creating a receiving space. The receiving container includes a bottom plate and a plurality of sidewalls. The bottom plate is disposed on the bottom part. Each of the sidewalls includes a first side plate extending from an edge portion of the bottom plate and coupled to a corresponding side part to face an outer surface of each of the side parts, and a second side plate bent at an upper end of the first side plate to face an outer surface of the first side plate. Thus, the strength of a display device against an external force, such as a bending stress or a twisting stress, may be improved.
US07826204B2
A media playing device includes a housing with a cylindrical end and a middle portion, a knob, a PCB, a cover, and an attachment means. The end has a reduced diameter with respect to the middle portion, thus forming a step, and has an opening. The knob has a cylindrical inside surface with two protrusions and is attached to the housing with the two protrusions being located within the opening. The PCB has a micro controller unit (MCU) and at least one switch. The cover is detachably attached to the housing and together with the step limit the axial movement of the knob. The attachment means is used for attaching the cover to the housing. When the knob is rotated to a position where one of the contacting protrusions contacts the switch, the switch is activated and sends a signal to the MCU, the MCU executes an operation in response to the signal.
US07826197B2
A modular energy storage device comprises a customer-defined parameter, such as electrical capacity, a can that has a dimension based on the customer-defined parameter, an electrode package that has properties based on the customer-defined parameter, and a header that has a configuration that is not dependent on the customer-defined parameter. A method for producing the modular energy storage device comprises generating a standardized energy storage device configuration, receiving a customer-defined parameter, and modifying the standardized energy storage device configuration according to the customer-defined parameter. The step of modifying the standardized energy storage device configuration comprises the steps of modifying the electrode package without modifying the location of the current collectors, modifying the length of the can according to the customer-defined parameter, and using the header already developed to complete construction of the modular energy storage device.
US07826194B2
The invention relates to a tunable λ/4-filter subassembly whose frequency response can be adjusted. For this purpose, the λ/4-filter subassembly has a signal-conducting electrical conductor and an electrically conductive element that is at a reference potential. Furthermore, at least one short-circuit device is provided that electrically contacts the electrical conductor. An electrical coupling device is provided that couples the short-circuit device at a settable contact position to the electrically conductive element, wherein the electrical coupling device and the short-circuit device are movable relative to each other in order to set the length of the short-circuit device.
US07826185B2
An external current injection source is provided to individual fingers of a multi-finger semiconductor device to provide the same trigger voltage across the multiple fingers. For example, the external injection current is supplied to the body of a MOSFET or the gate of a thyristor. The magnitude of the supplied current from each external current injection source is adjusted so that each finger has the same trigger voltage. The external current supply circuit may comprise diodes or an RC triggered MOSFET. The components of the external current supply circuit may be tuned to achieve a desired predetermined trigger voltage across all fingers of the multi-finger semiconductor device.
US07826180B2
The invention provides a giant magneto-resistive effect device (CPP-GMR device) having a CPP (current perpendicular to plane) structure comprising a spacer layer, and a fixed magnetized layer and a free layer stacked one upon another with said spacer layer interposed between them, with a sense current applied in a stacking direction, wherein the free layer functions such that the direction of magnetization changes depending on an external magnetic field, and the spacer layer comprises a first and a second nonmagnetic metal layer, each formed of a nonmagnetic metal material, and a semiconductor oxide layer interposed between the first and the second nonmagnetic metal layer, wherein the semiconductor oxide layer that forms a part of the spacer layer is made of zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, and indium tin oxide (ITO), the first nonmagnetic metal layer is made of Cu, and the second nonmagnetic metal layer is substantially made of Zn. MR change rate and heat resistance are thus much more improved than ever before.
US07826178B2
A microactuator includes: a stage on which a positioning object is to be mounted; a frame to which the stage is fixed integrally; a piezoelectric device disposed on the frame, which deforms in an expanding or contracting manner based on a driving signal applied; and a drive which applies a driving signal to the piezoelectric device. The piezoelectric device is arranged to expand or contract to thereby apply a torque to the frame.
US07826172B2
A disk apparatus compatible with a disk cartridge having a large head window even with a small external size.A disk apparatus includes a cartridge holder, a pair of guide walls, a disk motor, a head, a base, first and second slider guides, first and second open/close sliders respectively having first and second engageable portions. The slider guides are provided in the cartridge holder for supporting the disk cartridge, and the sliders are slidably engaged with the slider guides. The sliders slide to allow the engageable portions to be engaged with the disk cartridge such that a distance between the engageable portions is smaller than a distance between the guide walls while the disk cartridge is inserted, and such that the distance between the engageable portions is larger than the distance between the guide walls when the disk cartridge is mounted, and thus form a window in the disk cartridge so as to allow the head to access the disk and allow the disk to be mounted on the disk motor.
US07826159B2
The present disclosure provides a focus module including a substrate, a holder, at lease one second magnet, a frame and an elastic element. The substrate includes at least one first magnet and an aperture. The frame is fixed on the substrate and defining a hole receiving the holder. The second magnet is fixed on the holder. At least one of the first magnet and the second magnet is an electromagnet. The elastic element includes a first end, a second end, and at least one U-shape bend connected the first and second ends. The first end is fixed on the side surface of the holder. The second end is fixed on the inner surface of the hole. The two sides of the U-shape bend are parallel to the side surface of the holder and the inner surface of the hole. The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the focus module.
US07826153B2
Disclosed are a lens assembly and a method for manufacturing the same. The method includes delineating and processing a surface of a lens substrate to form a plurality of lens units; bonding a plurality of such lens substrates having different properties to each other as one integrated body; and dicing the integrated body into a lens unit, thereby producing a plurality of lens assemblies.
US07826148B2
Aspheric lens structures with dual aspheric surfaces and fabrication methods thereof are disclosed. An aspheric lens structure includes a first lens component with an aspheric top surface disposed on a second lens component, wherein the interface between the first lens component and the second lens component is spherical. The second lens component includes an aspheric back surface, wherein the radius of curvature of the aspheric top surface of the first lens component is different than the radius of curvature of the aspheric back surface of the second lens component. The second lens component may also include a planar back surface with a third lens component disposed on the planar back surface of the second component. The third lens component includes an aspheric back surface, wherein the radius of curvature of the aspheric top surface of the first lens component is different than the radius of curvature of the aspheric back surface of the third lens component.
US07826146B2
Optical devices, systems, and methods can produce and/or measure cylindrical (as well as spherical) lens shapes throughout a range of both powers and cylindrical axes. Fluid focus lenses employ electrical potentials to vary the shape of a fluid/fluid interface between two immiscible fluids having differing indices of refractions by controlling localized angles between the interface and a surrounding container wall. Spherical power, cylindrical power, and cylindrical access alignment may be varied with no moving parts (other than the fluids).
US07826143B2
The object is to provide an optical system with a wavelength selecting device. According to one aspect of the present invention, an optical system with a wavelength selecting device includes, in order from an object along an optical axis, an objective optical system composed of optical elements having refractive power and an aperture stop, a no-power optical group composed of optical elements having no refractive power, and an imaging device. The no-power optical group includes the wavelength selecting device for making short wavelength light be selectively substantially non-transparent. The wavelength selecting device preferably satisfies the predetermined conditional expressions.
US07826141B2
A heads-up display that includes a scanner and a projection assembly. The scanner generates an image by sweeping a beam of electromagnetic energy, and the projection assembly directs the image into a predetermined viewing space having a region with a substantially uniform intensity profile. Such a heads-up display can often be made smaller than a conventional heads-up display, and can often generate an image having a higher quality than an image generated by a conventional display. Furthermore, one can often calibrate and recalibrate such a display without physically modifying or replacing a component of the display or of a vehicle incorporating the display.
US07826139B2
A system constructs a composite image using focus assessment information of image regions.
US07826136B2
A high resolution 2D/3D switchable display apparatus includes a display panel having display elements arranged in pixel units and configured to display an image. A lenticular lens array includes a plurality of lenticular lenses arranged in a horizontal direction and dividing light corresponding to a signal emitted from the display panel to visual regions of left and right eyes. A spatial optical modulator includes a plurality of cells configured to switch on or off in synchronization with a vertical scanning time of the display panel, wherein each of the plurality of cells is changed to a transparent or opaque state. The display panel sequentially displays an even field including even sequence data of a left eye image and a right eye image and an odd field including odd sequence data of the left eye image and the right eye image.
US07826133B2
A polymer-based optical waveguide amplifier comprises a polymer host material doped with rare earth ions wherein the polymer host material is a material that functions as a resist in a direct patterning technique. The polymer host material can be epoxy novalac resin doped with Er3+ ions and Yb3+ ions, and the direct patterning comprises electron beam direct writing or UV printing.
US07826128B2
The present invention provides a projection apparatus, comprising: a light source for emitting illumination light; at least one spatial light modulator with a plurality of movable mirrors corresponding to pixels to be displayed, for performing a modulation of the illumination light through operation of the movable mirrors; a light source control unit performing a modulation control of the light source; and a spatial light modulator control unit generating, from an input image signal, a control signal for driving the spatial light modulator, wherein: the light source control unit adjusts a pulse emission frequency of an emission pulse of the illumination light emitted from the light source while corresponding to an oscillation frequency of the movable mirrors.
US07826120B2
Light in the visible spectrum is modulated using an array of modulation elements, and control circuitry connected to the array for controlling each of the modulation elements independently, each of the modulation elements having a surface which is caused to exhibit a predetermined impedance characteristic to particular frequencies of light. The amplitude of light delivered by each of the modulation elements is controlled independently by pulse code modulation. Each modulation element has a deformable portion held under tensile stress, and the control circuitry controls the deformation of the deformable portion. Each deformable element has a deformation mechanism and an optical portion, the deformation mechanism and the optical portion independently imparting to the element respectively a controlled deformation characteristic and a controlled modulation characteristic. The deformable modulation element may be a non-metal. The elements are made by forming a sandwich of two layers and a sacrificial layer between them, the sacrificial layer having a thickness related to the final cavity dimension, and using water or an oxygen based plasma to remove the sacrificial layer.
US07826104B2
A handheld recording apparatus. A casing includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall opposite thereto. The second sidewall includes a recording through hole. A transparent positioning window is disposed in the first sidewall and corresponds to the recording through hole. A recording mechanism is movably disposed in the casing and records information via the recording through hole. A drive mechanism is disposed in the casing and is connected to the recording mechanism, moving the recording mechanism.
US07826102B2
A network facsimile system has a communication terminal and relaying server. The network facsimile system is configured such that the communication terminal can transmit an image, through the relaying server, to a destination terminal outside the network facsimile system, that the communication terminal transmits an image to the relaying server in accordance with a predetermined communication protocol. The relaying server transmits an image to the destination terminal in accordance with a facsimile communication protocol. The communication terminal includes a notification system that notifies a user of the communication terminal of an operation status information indicating an operation status of the network facsimile system during a relaying server side operation period.
US07826098B2
An isolation point counting section, an internal edge counting section, and a continuity detecting section are provided at a halftone dot internal character region signal generating section. The halftone dot internal character region signal generating section discriminates a character region in a halftone dot image based on the detection results of the isolation point counting value caused by the isolation point counting section, the internal edge count value caused by the internal edge counting section, and the presence or absence of continuity of the internal edges caused by the continuity detecting section by making best use of the fact that the halftone dot region and character region in the halftone dot image are completely reversed in their characteristics.
US07826096B2
The image processing method converts an input image having multiple tones into an image having fewer tones than the input image, for image recording by a recording head including a plurality of recording elements arranged in a prescribed direction. The pixel values of pixels of the input image are quantized in a processing direction which is set to a direction substantially parallel to a relative conveyance direction of a recording medium with respect to the recording elements when recording onto the recording medium is performed by means of the recording elements. The pixel value for a pixel under processing is quantized according to the result of a comparison between the pixel value for the pixel under processing and a threshold value for the pixel under processing. An error with respect to the pixel under processing caused by quantizing the pixel value for the pixel under processing is diffused into an unprocessed pixel in a periphery of the pixel under processing. A threshold value for the unprocessed pixel of the input image is determined in accordance with the diffused error.
US07826080B2
In a network print system in which a printer and at least one client are connected to each other through a network, and at least a part of a job for the printer can be subjected to load distributed processing by grid computing, wherein when a printer driver of the printer is installed on any one of the at least one client, the system is adapted to build a grid computing network. In this arrangement, it is easily to build the grid computing network in which the printer job is subjected to load distributed processing.
US07826076B2
Systems and methods for performing secure value-added network services in a network using one or more operating systems. The system runs on a distribution agent Web server accessible from one or more types of network Operating Systems (“OS”) via a Secure Socket Layer (“SSL”) channel. The system includes one or more subsystems, including a receiving system that receives one or more document service requests over a secure communications medium, an authentication system that authenticates each received document service request, a processing system that processes the one or more authenticated document service requests, and a request fulfillment system that fulfills each processed document service request.
US07826075B2
A host device to control transmission of bit-map data and/or one or more real-time commands to an imaging device controls processing of a data stream including the bit-map data. In one aspect, if a detector of the host determines that a data stream to be transmitted includes bit-map data, then a processor of the host sends a real-time processing disable command; and then sends the data stream including the bit-map data. In another aspect, if a detector of the host determines that real-time command receipt by the imaging device is disabled, then a processor of the host transmits a data stream including bit-map data, followed by the transmission of a real-time processing enable command, and then the transmission of a real-time command. An imaging device and controlling its receipt and processing of data are also provided.
US07826065B1
An atomic magnetometer is disclosed which utilizes an optical cavity formed from a grating and a mirror, with a vapor cell containing an alkali metal vapor located inside the optical cavity. Lasers are used to magnetically polarize the alkali metal vapor and to probe the vapor and generate a diffracted laser beam which can be used to sense a magnetic field. Electrostatic actuators can be used in the magnetometer for positioning of the mirror, or for modulation thereof. Another optical cavity can also be formed from the mirror and a second grating for sensing, adjusting, or stabilizing the position of the mirror.
US07826062B2
The present invention relates to a device for detecting or generating and modulating optical signals, and having an angular dispersive element arranged to change angles of the optical signals or carrier and/or reference rays brought to interference.
US07826061B2
A high-speed absorption spectrographic system employs a slit-less spectroscope to obtain high-resolution, high-speed spectrographic data of combustion gases in an internal combustion engine allowing precise measurement of gas parameters including temperature and species concentration.
US07826060B2
The present invention directly measures localized electrochemical processes on a planar electrode using differential interferometry. The ionic charge accumulation at the electrode-electrolyte interface may be directly measured by using differential interferometry as a function of magnitude and frequency (for example, 2-50 kHz) of an external potential applied on an electrode. Methods in accordance with the present invention probe the ion dynamics confined to the electrical double layer. An electric field is applied using a pure AC potential and a superposition of AC and DC-ramp potential to measure ion concentration and detect redox processes.
US07826053B2
An exemplary embodiment includes an apparatus having an energy source for selectively directing a first energy toward a first material. The at least a portion of the first energy excites a preselected second material to an excited state where at least two photons of the first energy are absorbed by the molecule of the second material causing the molecule to emit a second energy at about a predetermined wavelength. The apparatus also includes a control system for directing the first energy toward the first material. The apparatus also includes a detector for detecting at least a portion of the emitted second energy when the detector is more than about 40 meters from the molecule.
US07826050B2
A method is disclosed for changing an optical path length through a fluid downhole, comprising interspersing an optically transmissive member into a first optical path through the fluid, thereby creating a second shorter optical path through the fluid. In another embodiment, the method further comprises measuring an intensity of light, I1 transmitted through the first optical path; measuring an intensity of light, I2 transmitted through the second optical path; and estimating an optical property for the second optical path from the ratio, I1/I2. A system is disclosed for changing an optical path length through a fluid downhole, comprising a fluid passage between two optically transmissive windows for the fluid downhole, the fluid passage having a first optical path through the fluid; and an optically transmissive member for insertion into the first optical path, thereby creating a second shorter optical path through the fluid.
US07826046B1
A method and apparatus for detecting small particulate matter and contaminants on hard surfaces.
US07826042B2
A detection device comprising a substrate comprising a plurality of objects of which properties are changed due to the contact with a target substance, means for bringing the target substance into contact with the objects, and means for detecting a change in properties of the objects caused when the target substance is brought into contact with the objects, based on light output when the objects are irradiated with light, wherein the plurality of the objects are located in the direction in which the light for irradiation travels, and the detecting means is means for detecting the change in the properties based on the summation of light output from the plurality of the objects upon irradiation with light.
US07826022B2
An active matrix liquid crystal display device is provided, in which an after image remaining after removing an application of a direct current voltage is suppressed. The active matrix liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal molecule having negative dielectric anisotropy and a dopant having a dissociative group.
US07826021B2
A method of manufacturing a substrate for a liquid crystal display. The method includes forming a plurality of first line-shaped fine grooves parallel to each other in a lengthwise direction and a plurality of second line-shaped fine grooves parallel to each other in a width direction on the substrate, forming an inorganic insulating film on the substrate including the first and second line-shaped fine grooves, forming a plurality of gate lines within the first line-shaped fine grooves, forming a plurality of data lines that contacts an upper surface of the inorganic insulating film within the second line-shaped fine grooves, and forming a passivation layer on the substrate including the data lines.
US07826012B2
A color filter substrate and a liquid crystal display apparatus include, on a substrate: a colorized layer including color layers; a stacked layer protruding in comparison with the colorized layer; an opposing electrode covering the colorized layer and the stacked layer; an alignment layer formed at least on a part of the opposing electrode covering the colorized layer; and an insulating layer stacked on an entire surface of another part of the opposing electrode covering the stacked layer. With this, the short circuit between the opposing electrode and a pixel electrode is prevented, so that a color filter substrate, a liquid crystal display apparatus including the color filter substrate, and a method of manufacturing the color substrate, those being able to improve the yield of the liquid crystal display apparatus, are provided.
US07826008B2
The present inventions enhances the brightness at a center portion of a display screen in a liquid crystal display device used in a TV set having a direct backlight. Odd-number pieces of fluorescent lamps are used in the inside of the backlight. Using external electrode fluorescent lamps as the fluorescent lamps, electrodes of the respective fluorescent lamps can be connected in common. Further, one fluorescent lamp can be arranged at the center of the display screen. Due to such a constitution, the liquid crystal display device can effectively ensure the brightness at the center of the display screen.
US07826005B2
A display device includes a liquid crystal display panel, a light source unit and a housing accommodating the light source unit. The light source unit includes a light source part and a light source supporting member supporting the light source part. The housing includes an insertion accommodating part provided in a bottom surface of the housing. The light source supporting member includes a planar main body, a light source holder and an insertion part protruding from the main body toward the housing to be coupled to the insertion accommodating part. The insertion part includes an engagement part and a connecting part. The insertion part is inserted in the insertion accommodating part and the light source supporting member is rotated at a predetermined angle.
US07826002B2
Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device of which overall size and weight can be minimized. The liquid crystal display device has a light generating unit for generating a light. A light guiding plate guides the light to a display unit for displaying an image. A reflection plate is disposed under the light guiding plate for reflecting the light to the light guiding plate. A receiving container receives the reflection plate, the light guiding plate and the light generating unit. At least one boss is formed on a bottom of the receiving container for preventing the light generating unit from being moved by guiding a position of the light generating unit. Accordingly, the number of the parts installed in the liquid crystal display device can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be decreased because the manufacturing process is simplified in comparison with the liquid crystal display device including a separate lamp cover.
US07825995B2
Two-way communications between a video system and a control device is disclosed. The communications links comprise visible light, IR light, or a combination of visible and IR light. The communications link provide a convenient route to capture data or lock system features or various combinations thereof.
US07825993B2
The present invention suggests a simplified and robust scanning method as a scenario for scanning video sources of a display device such as a TV or projector. The inventive method is attained by way of grouping the video sources and prioritizing the scanning priority for each video source group in terms of the viewing time statistic or the frame number statistic of each video source group. Therefore, the display device is capable of scanning each video source group based on the scanning priority to discover if there is a video signal inputted into the video source.
US07825978B2
The object of the present invention is to provide an imaging apparatus capable of preventing the degradation of image quality associated with a temperature rise in an image pickup device despite that an electronic viewfinder is usable. An imaging apparatus including an image pickup device for capturing a subject image to acquire it as image data and capable of viewing a subject by selecting either of a first finder mode for optical viewing of the subject image and a second finder mode for displaying the image data on a display unit to allow viewing of the image data, the imaging apparatus comprises: a temperature detection circuit for measuring the temperature of the image pickup device; a finder mode switching instruction part for switching between the first finder mode and the second finder mode; and a controller for inhibiting switching from the first finder mode to the second finder mode performed by the finder mode switching instruction part when the temperature exceeds a first threshold.
US07825975B2
An image sensor and a method for using the same are disclosed. The image sensor includes an array of pixel sensors, a signal digitizing circuit, and a digitizing controller. The array of pixel sensors includes a plurality of pixel sensors. Each pixel sensor includes a photodetector, a charge conversion circuit, and a gate transistor. The charge conversion circuit generates a voltage signal that is related to a charge on the photodiode, and the gate transistor couples the voltage signal to a bit line in response to a first signal. The signal digitizing circuit converts the voltage signal to a plurality of output digital values. Each output digital value has a different level of digitization noise. One of the output digital values is selected for output in response to an output selection signal that is generated by the digitizing controller.
US07825974B2
Each pixel includes a photo-electric converter, transfer switch, charge-voltage conversion node, amplifier, and control switch. A solid-state image sensor includes a voltage controller which controls the voltage of the charge-voltage conversion node of each pixel via the control switch of the pixel. A voltage set at the charge-voltage conversion node by the voltage controller via the control switch includes a first voltage (VD—1) for setting a pixel in a selected state, and a second voltage (VD—2) for setting the pixel in an unselected state. The voltage controller and the control switch of each pixel set the voltage of the charge-voltage conversion node of each pixel to the second voltage (VD—2) by using at least part of the horizontal scanning period.
US07825971B2
The image sensing system includes integrating charge in an image sensor array; transferring the charge out of the image sensor array; converting the charge to a digital signal; combining the digital signal with digital data stored in a memory device to form an integrated signal; storing the integrated signal in the memory device such that the integrated signal becomes the digital data; and repeating the above steps multiple times during a frame time cycle. This system allows for very small pixel sizes in the image sensor. The digital integration process eliminates the need for using correlated double sampling circuits to reduce kTC noise, and is also beneficial for reduction of analog-to-digital digitization noise.
US07825956B2
An imaging device installed on an autonomously movable body which comprises an image-taking section for taking images of the surrounding environment, and an object detecting section for detecting objects and obstacles by processing the obtained images. The imaging device comprises: an image processing section to perform color detection of the images taken by the image-taking section; a white calibration plate for the image-taking section to perform color correction; and a calibration plate control section for moving the calibration plate into a field of view of the image-taking section, wherein it is determined whether color information which is sufficient to perform color detection is obtainable from the images taken by the image-taking section, and color correction is performed using the calibration plate when it is determined that the images taken by the image-taking section do not provide color information sufficient to perform color detection.
US07825943B2
A model of a thermal print head is provided that models the thermal response of thermal print head elements to the provision of energy to the print head elements over time. The amount of energy to provide to each of the print head elements during a print head cycle to produce a spot having the desired density is calculated based on: (1) the desired density to be produced by the print head element during the print head cycle, (2) the predicted temperature of the print head element at the beginning of the print head cycle, (3) the ambient printer temperature at the beginning of the print head cycle, and (4) the ambient relative humidity.
US07825937B1
One embodiment of the present invention sets forth an improved method for computing a cube map blur function. The method begins with a rendered cube map of the surrounding scene using conventional environment rendering techniques. The method then proceeds with three successive cylindrical blurs around each axis of a coordinate frame. The three blur operations accumulate results from each predecessor operation for the different pixels of the cube map, thereby generating a high quality cube map blur. One advantage of this technique is that a relatively low computational effort yields a blur function involving a relatively large number of source pixels for each resulting pixel. Therefore, the resulting cube map can be computed in real-time and is suitable for use in a wide range of lighting effects.
US07825931B2
A repeater comprises an EDID memory to store a control data and a memory control unit. The memory control unit is configured to make access to the EDID memory to read the control data therefrom, store the read control data into the EDID memory and, when access is made to the EDID memory by the set-top box, transfer the control data stored in the EDID memory to the set-top box. In this case, the memory control unit outputs an inhibiting signal to a set-top box to inhibit it from making access to the EDID memory until the completion of an operation of storing the control data from the EDID memory in the set-top box into the EDID memory in the repeater.
US07825926B2
A point-based rendering apparatus, method and medium. The point-based rendering apparatus includes a projector to project a point model and to generate a plurality of rendered points, a radius calculator to calculate a radius, corresponding to a predetermined resolution of each of the rendered points, and a splat generator to generate at least one of a hemi-spherical and a spherical splat having the radius of each of the rendered points.
US07825912B2
A touch screen of a mobile terminal and a power saving method thereof are provided. The power saving method of a touch screen for a mobile terminal includes determining whether a touch panel is contacted by controlling light emitting elements to emit light with a first scan speed and detecting whether light is received by light receiving elements; and decreasing, if the touch panel is determined not to be contacted for a predetermined time duration, a scan speed from the first scan speed to a second scan speed after lapse of the predetermined time duration. Therefore, if a contact occurs within the predetermined time duration, the contact is detected by executing the scan with the first scan speed, and if no contact is detected before lapse of the predetermined time duration, the scan speed is decreased, whereby electric current waste due to the scan can be minimized.
US07825905B2
A touch sensitive position sensor for detecting the position of an object in two dimensions is described. The position sensor has first and second resistive bus-bars spaced apart with an anisotropic conductive area between them. Electric currents induced in the anisotropic conductive area by touch or proximity flow preferentially towards the bus-bars to be sensed by detection circuitry. Because induced currents, for example those induced by drive circuitry, flow preferentially along one direction, pin-cushion distortions in position estimates are largely constrained to this single direction. Such one-dimensional distortions can be corrected for very simply by applying scalar correction factors, thereby avoiding the need for complicated vector correction.
US07825904B2
An information processing apparatus includes a touch panel provided on a menu selection screen including a plurality of items, a direction key for instructing a moving direction of a cursor, and an execution key for instructing execution of a process corresponding to a selecting item. The display of the cursor can be moved according to a position instructed by the touch panel as well as the direction key. A process corresponding to a selected item is executed by a touch-off as well as by an operation of the execution key. It is noted that in a case that a touch input is continued for equal to or more than a predetermined time period after the touch-on, in a case that a touch input is present until the touch-off in an area except for the area corresponding to the item pointed at a start of touch, or in a case that a touch input is present until the touch-off in an area at a predetermined distance away from the position instructed at a start of touch, the process corresponding to the selected item is not executed.
US07825903B2
A method and apparatus for generating haptic effects for a touch panel or other interface device employs a touch-sensitive panel, a display and an actuator. The actuator includes a first structural element and a second structural element, a biasing element and two magnetic devices. The first magnetic device is configured to be carried by the first structural element and the second magnetic device is configured to be carried by the second structural element. The first structural element is coupled to a touch-sensitive panel and the second structural element may be coupled to the display or to a relatively fixed item. The biasing element couples the first and second structural elements together and deforms to facilitate a movement between the first and second structural elements. The actuator provides haptic effects by facilitating relative movement between the first and second structural elements.
US07825900B2
A method for selecting a symbol for presentation on a display of a handheld electronic device, comprising: receiving a signal from a key on the handheld electronic device actuated by a user to select a default symbol, the default symbol being one of a plurality of symbols available through actuation of the key; if the actuation of the key is an initial actuation of the key, presenting the plurality of symbols on the display and receiving a signal to select the default symbol from among the plurality of symbols; and, presenting the default symbol on the display.
US07825899B2
An improved piano-style keypad comprises a light guide and a key sheet, with the light guide retaining the key sheet on a substrate, such as a printed circuit board of a handheld electronic device. The keypad is advantageously configured to enable key caps of the keypad to be adhered to key bodies of the keypad in a fashion that provides long-term reliability while still providing keys that can readily actuated and that provide tactile feedback that is desirable to the user.
US07825894B2
An image display device includes a display surface through which input light is applied from an external object, a color filter having color pixels that are arranged to form a planar surface substantially parallel with the display surface, a substrate having light sensing portions each disposed to face corresponding one of the color pixels, in which the light sensing portion senses light provided through the corresponding color pixel, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the color filter and the substrate. The substrate includes pixel portions arranged in a matrix form to display images. The light sensing portion includes switching transistors that are respectively controlled by the input light and a gate signal and respectively connected to sensing lines.
US07825893B2
A liquid crystal display, comprising: a liquid crystal display portion for inputting a video signal to display an image thereon; a backlight provided on a rear side of the liquid crystal display portion, for illuminating the liquid crystal display portion from a rear surface thereof; a backlight driver portion for driving the backlight, also having a light control function for controlling a light intensity of the illuminating lights from that backlight; a feature detector portion for detecting an averaged brightness of the video signal, and also a histogram of brightness or a color, upon basis of said video signal inputted; and a light intensity control portion for controlling the light intensity of the illuminating lights from the backlight, through the light control function of the backlight driver portion, upon basis of the histogram of brightness or color, as well as, the averaged brightness of the video signal detected by the feature detector portion.
US07825884B2
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which includes a first pixel and a second pixel which are arranged close to each other and are allocated to the same color, and color filters which differ in color tone and are formed on the first pixel and the second pixel, wherein a voltage for driving liquid crystal of the first pixel and a voltage for driving liquid crystal of the second pixel are controlled independently from each other.
US07825883B2
The present invention introduces methods to modify the burst frequency of an inverter in a given LCD panel without any component change on the inverter board. The present invention also introduces methods to adjust the setting of a sensing system for duty cycles and accept Display Power Saving Technology (DPST) input signals with different frequencies. The universal inverter module with the present invention can be applied for different DPST technologies.
US07825865B2
A defogger is disposed in or on a rear window glass sheet. The rear window glass sheet has an H-oriented antenna conductor for frequency band H higher than frequency band L, an L-oriented antenna conductor for frequency band L, and a feeding point disposed in a blank space thereof above the defogger therein or thereon, the feeding point being connected to the H-oriented antenna conductor and the L-oriented antenna conductor, the H-oriented antenna conductor comprising H-oriented antenna elements, the L-oriented antenna conductor comprising L-oriented antenna elements and a directivity-adjusting antenna element, the directivity-adjusting antenna element being connected to the L-oriented antenna elements, a first H-oriented antenna element and a first L-oriented antenna element being capacitively coupled, and a second H-oriented antenna element and a second L-oriented antenna element being capacitively coupled.
US07825863B2
An antenna, including a planar dielectric substrate and a conductive ground plane formed on the substrate. A conductive monopole is formed on the substrate and has an end point located in proximity to a feed region of the ground plane. A conductive coupling element is formed on the substrate and is coupled to the ground plane at a coupling region of the ground plane. The coupling element is folded around the monopole.
US07825859B2
An antenna device usable in a radio apparatus having a printed board includes a ground conductor provided in the printed board, a fed partial element, a first branch element and a second branch element. The fed partial element is shaped as an area including a feed portion near an end of a first side of the area facing a side of the ground conductor, and a first branch portion and a second branch portion each near a portion of a fringe of the area other than the first side. The fed partial element may be fed at the feed portion. The first branch element branches off from the first branch portion and is folded back in a direction approaching the feed portion. The second branch element branches off from the second branch portion and is shaped in a direction close to the direction of the first branch element.
US07825855B1
The present invention relates to a method for selectively reducing the amount of assistance data transmitted to an assisted GPS equipped mobile terminal by excluding the transmission of assistance data relating to one or more satellites that are potentially visible to the mobile station. In the preferred embodiment one or more criteria are used to identify which of the potentially visible satellite are the least likely to be used by the mobile terminal in determining its position, and assistance data relating to the least likely satellites to be used is excluded from the assistance data that is to be transmitted to the mobile terminal. A determination of an optimal number of satellites for which assistance data should be sent to the mobile terminal.
US07825854B2
A GPS transponder system incorporating a phase error monitoring and compensation subsystem. The phase error monitoring and compensation subsystem includes a demodulator subsystem that demodulates modulated carrier signals being output from each one of a pair of GPS transponders to obtain the navigation codes being generated by each of the transponders from their respective carrier signals. The navigation codes obtained from the modulated carrier signals are compared to separate navigation codes that are generated by a navigation data unit (NDU) of the system and supplied over a thermally stable signal transmission line. The signal transmission line has a known, fixed delay and is not affected by temperature changes that affect the modulated carrier signals. A phase comparator subsystem uses the comparison to generate needed error correction signals that are applied via phase shifters to each of the transponders. The error correction signals modify the modulated carrier signals to remove the influence caused by temperature variations that the transponders experience during operation.
US07825853B2
The present invention is a man-portable counter-mortar radar (MCMR) radar system that detects and tracks enemy mortar projectiles in flight and calculates their point of origin (launch point) to enable and direct countermeasures against the mortar and its personnel. In addition, MCMR may also perform air defense surveillance by detecting and tracking aircraft, helicopters, and ground vehicles. MCMR is a man-portable radar system that can be disassembled for transport, then quickly assembled in the field, and provides 360-degree coverage against an enemy mortar attack. MCMR comprises an antenna for radiating the radar pulses and for receiving the reflected target echoes, a transmitter that produces the radar pulses to be radiated from the antenna, a receiver-processor for performing measurements (range, azimuth and elevation) on the target echoes, associating multiple echoes to create target tracks, classifying the tracks as mortar projectiles, and calculating the probable location of the mortar weapon, and a control and display computer that permits the operation of the radar and the display and interpretation of the processed radar data.
US07825840B2
A delta sigma modulator includes an oscillatory system having a natural frequency and an electronics and a control loop which acts upon the electronics from the oscillatory system and again upon the oscillatory system from the electronics. The control loop provides that a gain in the control loop demonstrates a peaking in a frequency range around the natural frequency of the oscillatory system.
US07825834B2
A scalable audio data arithmetic decoding method, medium, and apparatus, and a method, medium, and apparatus truncating an audio data bitstream. The arithmetic decoding method of decoding a scalable arithmetic coded symbol may include arithmetic decoding of a symbol by using the symbol and a probability value for the symbol desired to be decoded, and determining whether or not to continue decoding by checking an ambiguity indicating whether or not decoding of the symbol to be decoded is completed. According to a method, medium, and apparatus of the present invention, data to which scalability is applied when arithmetic coding is performed in MPEG-4 scalable lossless audio coding can be efficiently decoded. Even when a bitstream is truncated, a decoding termination point can be known such that additional decoding of the truncated part can be performed.
US07825832B2
A coordinate position detection device includes: charging circuits having both the capability of charging a coupling capacitance in a capacitive-coupling touch panel with a position-detection resistive film whose potential periodically varies between a positive potential and a negative potential and the capability of restoring the charged coupling capacitance to its state prior to charging; current-to-voltage conversion circuits converting into a voltage the total amount of charging currents of the coupling capacitance after the charging circuits supply the charging current to the coupling capacitance a plurality of times; and a computation device detecting the coordinate position of a touched area based on the outputs of the current-to-voltage conversion circuits.
US07825828B2
A parking assist device includes a monitor (10) for displaying a captured image from a camera (12), assist information output means for providing assistance during introduction of a vehicle into a parking position, and correction control means (31) for correcting an inappropriate operation performed when the vehicle is introduced into the parking position. When a steering operation, an accelerator operation, or a brake operation is inappropriate, the correction control means (31) performs control to correct the travel course and the stop position. Thus, even if the driver performs an inappropriate operation when introducing the vehicle into the parking position, the driver can appropriately introduce the vehicle into the parking position according to the display on the monitor (10).
US07825811B2
A locking device comprising a lock body having a through hole, a bolt member having a longitudinal bore therethrough and an insertion end which is inserted into the through hole of the lock body. The bolt member is further having a retaining pin disposed within the longitudinal bore and a resilient means for biasing the retaining pin axially out of the longitudinal bore. When the bolt member is inserted into the lock body, a means within the lock body prevents the removal of the inserted bolt member therefrom, and engages an actuating means to actuate an identifying means. The identifying means transmits a signal to indicate whether the locking device has been tampered with or defeated. If the bolt member is cut, the retaining pin is displaced out of the longitudinal bore and dislodges the actuating means resulting in the identifying means indicating that the locking device has been tampered with or defeated.
US07825790B2
A lighting subsystem and a light bar structure upon which the lighting subsystem is mounted. The lighting subsystem has a display that incorporates both warning signal lights and a programmable message display and is configured to enable the positioning of the lighting subsystem in multiple positions, including a low-profile position and a higher profile position. In one embodiment, the lighting subsystem utilizes an LED matrix display which includes interleaved message-display LEDs and warning-signal LEDs. The system may be positioned at an aerodynamic pursuit angle, and the LEDs may be oriented to maximize forward intensity of the emitted light in the pursuit position. In the low-profile position, the lighting subsystem may be retracted into a recessed compartment in the roof of an emergency vehicle. The message display may be configured to display preprogrammed messages or user-programmed messages, and may be operable by a user outside the vehicle using a remote control.
US07825782B2
The invention provides a device, system, and method for wireless communication with a vehicle, comprising a receiver mounted in or on the vehicle for receiving data from a wireless transmitter, and a microprocessor in communication with the receiver for processing the data. The data has a format adapted to be processed by the microprocessor and is intended for receipt by all vehicles within a predetermined wireless range that have microprocessors capable of processing its standard format. The invention also provides a method for wireless communication with a vehicle, comprising transmitting data having a standard format, receiving the data having a standard format, and processing the data having a standard format. The data is intended for receipt by all vehicles within a predetermined range that have microprocessors capable of processing its standard format. The invention further provides a device, system, and method for disabling a vehicle using only information transmitted to the vehicle, comprising a receiver mounted in or on the vehicle and for receiving data wirelessly, and a microprocessor in communication with the receiver for processing the data. The data includes a unique vehicle identifier and an instruction to disable the vehicle. The invention further provides a device for wirelessly monitoring environmental conditions of a livestock trailer towed by a vehicle, comprising a wireless transmitter mounted on the livestock trailer, a receiver mounted in or on the vehicle and adapted to receive data from the wireless transmitter, and a microprocessor in communication with the receiver and processing the data.
US07825777B1
An integrated circuit comparator is provided that determines non-strict inequalities between operands applied thereto. Each comparator includes at least one n-bit comparator cell. This comparator cell is configured to determine a non-strict inequality between a first n-bit operand (e.g., A[n−1, . . . , 0]) and a second n-bit operand (e.g., B[n−1, . . . , 0]). The comparator cell determines the non-strict inequality by computing a control output signal Co (or its complement), where: C o = ( … ( ( C i ( A 0 + B 0 _ ) + A 0 B 0 _ ) ( A 1 + B 1 _ ) + A 1 B 1 _ ) … ( A n - 2 + B n - 2 _ ) + A n - 2 B n - 2 _ ) ( A n - 1 + B n - 1 _ ) + A n - 1 B n - 1 _ , “n” is a positive integer greater than one and Ci is a control input signal that specifies an interpretation to be given to the control output signal Co.
US07825771B2
An RFID Probe comprises a pole with a plurality of sensors that indicate RF signal strength attached at regular intervals and marked to indicate distance from an end of the pole. A user employs the RFID Probe by placing the probe between densely packed materials, such as cases on a pallet, and exposing the RFID Probe and packaging to a signal from a RIFD transceiver. After exposing the RFID Probe to the RFID transceiver signal, the user removes the RFID Probe from the packed materials and observes the sensors on the probe. By noting the location on the probe of the sensors indicating low or no RF signal, the user can identify locations where RF signal strength is insufficient to activate an RFID tag.
US07825770B2
A method and system of identifying, inspecting and training regarding a material lifting device. The method includes the steps of attaching RFID tag to a material lifting device. Identification and inspection data regarding the material lifting device is installed and stored on the RFID tag. The identification and inspection data on the RFID tag may be accessed with a portable computer device having an RFID reader. The material lifting device is periodically inspected to obtain inspection data. The identification and inspection data is updated on the portable computer device and is also updated on the RFID tag.
US07825766B2
A fuse and fuse module that facilitate ampacity rejection based on electrical contact location is disclosed. A configuration of electrical contacts in the fuse and a corresponding configuration of fuse slots in the fuse holder permit fuses within an acceptable range of ampacities to be installed in the fuse holder while at the same time preventing fuses within an unacceptable range of ampacities from being installed in the fuse holder.
US07825759B2
An actuator having a linear motor and a plunger that is movable by the linear motor along an axis. The plunger includes an annular flange and a rim that is coupled to an outer periphery of the flange. The annular flange is oriented generally perpendicular to the axis. A plurality of apertures is formed through at least one of the flange and the rim. A locking differential and an axle assembly are also provided.
US07825758B2
A solenoid assembly for use in connection with a housing and valve body is provided. The assembly includes a magnetic coil, a magnetic pole piece, an operating rod, a magnetic armature, and at least two bearings positioned between a portion of the magnetic pole piece and a portion of the operating rod. The operating rod is slidably disposed along the bearings. The magnetic armature is at least in part centered relative to the pole piece. Activation of the coil provides an attraction between the armature and the pole piece.
US07825746B2
An integrated balanced-filter which acts as a matching network, a balun and an extracted-pole bandpass filter is disclosed. The balanced-filter includes an unbalanced terminal, a first balanced terminal and a second balanced terminal, a first resonator connected to the unbalanced terminal, a second resonator connected to the first balanced terminal, and a third resonator connected to the second balanced terminal. The second resonator is positively coupled to the first resonator, and the third resonator is negatively coupled to the first resonator, which provides a balun function and a bandpass-filtering function. The balanced-filter further includes extracted-pole notch filters, which can introduce a transmission zero and implement matching network. The balanced-filter can be implemented in a multi-layered substrate, thereby reducing the size of the balanced-filter.
US07825744B2
A nonreciprocal circuit device attenuates unnecessary waves having a higher frequency than that of a fundamental wave, without increasing insertion loss. The nonreciprocal circuit device in the form of a 2-port type isolator includes a ferrite on which a first central electrode and a second central electrode are arranged to cross each other and so as to be electrically insulated from each other. A bypass circuit including a phase shifter and a filter is provided between an input port and an output port, and the bypass circuit does not allow signals in the fundamental wave band to pass through and also attenuates harmonics.
US07825739B2
A signal processing circuit includes a feedback control loop that includes a loop filter and that detects the difference between a target value and a control value to control the difference so that the difference has a predetermined value. A closed loop formed in the feedback control loop is expressed by the delay of the entire closed loop serving as the feedback control loop, the loop filter, and simple integration of a final stage. The signal processing circuit includes a moving average calculating unit configured to calculate a moving average of outputs from the loop filter; a multiplying unit configured to multiply a value calculated in the loop filter by a certain gain; and an integrating unit provided upstream of the loop filter so that calculation results by the moving average calculating unit and the multiplication unit are concurrently fed back to an input into the loop filter.
US07825732B2
This disclosure relates to load compensating multi-stage amplifier structures at an output of one of the amplifier stages.
US07825727B2
An input stage of a differential amplifier includes a differential pair formed by an N-channel MOS transistor MN1 having a gate connected to an INM and an N-channel MOS transistor MN2 having a gate connected to an INP, both having sources connected to each other, a constant current source connected to the sources of the MN1 and MN2, and a variable current source connected to the sources of the MN1 and MN2. A subsequent-stage processing circuit having an intermediate stage and an output stage includes a phase compensation capacitor and outputs an output responsive to a change in the differential inputs by charging and discharging the phase compensation capacitor through the constant current source. The variable current source turns ON when the change reaches a level causing a parasitic capacitor at the sources of the differential pair to be discharged, and supplies a current for discharging the parasitic capacitor.
US07825723B1
This discloses an integrated circuit and at least one CMOS analog circuit including a first circuit component generating an output signal received by a second circuit component to generate a feedback signal received by the first component to regulate the output signal, where the transistors of the first circuit component consist of first MOS transistor instances compliant with a first core voltage and the feedback signal requires the transistors of the second circuit component to consist of at least one second MOS transistor instance compliant with a second core voltage above the first core voltage. The CMOS analog circuit may implement an amplifier, a transconductance amplifier and/or a telescopic amplifier. The first core voltage may at most 1.2 volts and the second core voltage may be at least three volts. The first MOS transistors may be thin oxide transistors and the second MOS transistors may be thicker oxide transistors.
US07825718B2
A pumping voltage detector includes a first division voltage generating unit for dividing a pumping voltage at a first division ratio to generate a first divided voltage, a second division voltage generating unit for dividing the pumping voltage at a second division ratio different from the first division ratio to generate a second divided voltage, and a detection signal generating unit for comparing one of the first and second divided voltages with a reference voltage to generate a pumping voltage detection signal.
US07825713B2
An absolute time delay generating device includes a PVT (process-voltage-temperature) detection device and a delay-timing generator. The PVT detection device includes at least a delay module and a signal phase/frequency control module. The delay module includes a control unit and a reference unit. The control unit differs from the reference unit in sensitivity of delay property to PVT. The delay module compares phase or frequency differences generated when origin signals pass through the control unit and reference unit respectively, and produce delay parameters of the delay module. The signal phase/frequency control module receives and compares the delay parameters to determine an ambient PVT condition for the absolute time delay generating device, so as to control and correct the delay-timing generator and thereby generate accurate absolute time delay. Under various PVT influences, the absolute time delay generating device is capable of generating accurate, absolute time signals.
US07825702B2
To provide a synthesizer module that can be used not only in a destination area but also in the whole world and that can be readily set in output frequency. In the synthesizer module, a calculation formula table of a nonvolatile memory stores a plurality of frequency modes and the calculation formula of carrier frequencies corresponding to those frequency modes, and further stores, in its certain area, a frequency mode set during an initial setting of the device. A CPU, when receiving a channel number from a rotary SW during a frequency setting, calculates, based on a calculation formula corresponding to a currently set frequency mode, a carrier frequency corresponding to the channel number. This carrier frequency is set to a CONT of a PLL part.
US07825678B2
An integrated circuit structure includes a semiconductor wafer; integrated circuit devices in the semiconductor wafer; and a plurality of test pads on a top surface of the semiconductor wafer and connected to the integrated circuit devices. Test pads are grouped in pairs, with the test pads in a same pair are interconnected.
US07825676B2
A contact terminal formed of an electrically conductive material is arranged in each of a plurality of holed of a contactor substrate. An electrically conductive part is formed on an inner surface of each hole. The contact terminal has a first contact part that contacts a terminal of an electronic part and a second contact part that contacts the electrically conductive part in a middle portion. When the contact terminal bends by the first contact part being pressed, the second contact part contacts the electrically conductive part of the contactor substrate and an appropriate degree of contact pressure is obtained.
US07825672B2
Methods to determine an instantaneous resistance value of an electric circuit and a measurement system to determine an instantaneous resistance value of an electric circuit are disclosed. Exemplary embodiments of the method measure an in-situ instantaneous voltage of the circuit and an in-situ instantaneous current of the circuit and calculate the instantaneous resistance. Optional temperature measurement can be included in the method and the calculated instantaneous resistance related to the measured temperature. The method can be applied to phase angle fired loads and to zero-cross (time proportioned) loads.
US07825667B2
A microwave imaging process, and a system controlled by an associated software product, illuminate a target with microwaves from a transmitting antenna. Receiving antennas receive microwaves scattered by the target, and form microwave data. The illumination and receiving repeat over multiple transmitting antennas and multiple microwave frequencies. The microwave data is processed to form permittivity and conductivity images by selecting a background dispersion model for permittivity and conductivity. Permittivity and conductivity dispersion coefficients are determined, and permittivity and conductivity distributions are calculated, for each of the microwave frequencies. Forward solutions at multiple frequencies are determined from property distributions, and a dispersion coefficient based Jacobian matrix is determined. Dispersion coefficient updates are determined using the microwave data, and the dispersion coefficients are updated. Permittivity and conductivity distributions are recalculated for each of the frequencies, and the forward solutions are determined at multiple frequencies from property distributions.
US07825665B1
Circuitry arranged for sensing a variable polarity signal comprises an input node supplied with the variable polarity signal to produce an input signal. A first sensing circuit is responsive to the input signal having a first polarity for producing a first signal. A level shifting circuit is responsive to the input signal having a second polarity for shifting a level of the input signal to produce a shifted signal of the first polarity at a level determined by the input signal.
US07825662B2
An MRI apparatus includes an imaging device that performs MR imaging in an SSFP pulse sequence in which a phase cycling method produces RF excitation, and a control device that causes the imaging device; to collect data regarding a plurality of frequency regions in k-space in the SSFP pulse sequence in a first phase series; to collect data regarding low frequency regions in k-space in the SSFP pulse sequence in a plurality of remaining phase series; to generate frequency data based on the collected data, substitute data into high and low frequency regions of the frequency data, reconstruct low space frequency images based on the low frequency regions to which substitute data is added, reconstruct high space frequency images based on the high frequency regions to which substitute data have been added and combine the low space frequency images and the high space frequency images multiplied by a scaling factor.
US07825661B2
Saturation pulse sequences are designed to ensure complete saturation of nuclear spins for dual wait time measurements and saturation recovery measurements in the case of axial motion of a downhole NMR logging tool. Frequency and/or phase modulation may be used. An auxiliary saturation coil may be used.
US07825659B2
The grain size of a pore-scale geometric model of a clastic earth formation are adjusted so that the NMR relaxation time distribution output of the model matches a measured NMR distribution. Fluid drainage and imbibing can be simulated. Additional properties of the earth formation are predicted using the pore-scale model. The additional properties may be based on additional measurements of properties of a fluid in the formation.
US07825653B2
To provide a rotation detecting system of a type having a high detecting resolution, in which the rotational position can be detected accurately, in which a sufficient gap can be secured between the sensor and the rotating body and which is effective to simplify assemblage and processing to thereby reduce the manufacturing cost, the rotation detecting system is provided with a multiplying section 4 for multiplying the pulses, generated by the sensor 3, by a multiplication factor to form multiplied pulses Pb and a speed detecting section 5 for detecting an period average speed of the encoder 71 during the interval, in which the latest N pieces of the multiplied pulses Pb have been generated where N represents the multiplication factors by which the multiplied pulses Pb have been multiplied.
US07825632B1
A rechargeable battery, battery set or battery pack having a circuit or a plurality of circuits for providing self-discharging thereof electrically connected in parallel are used to form rechargeable battery assemblies and electric power supply systems for use in electric and hybrid vehicles and the like.
US07825630B2
The technology described herein provides a stand-alone intelligent battery charger and intelligent conditioner for use with a high-voltage battery, such as those used in hybrid automotive vehicles. Additionally, in various exemplary embodiments, this technology provides a system and method for validating the capacity of a high voltage battery. Other comparable uses are also contemplated herein, as will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art.
US07825625B2
Disclosed is a wireless charging device for charging electronic devices placed in a docking area of the wireless charging device. The wireless charging device includes an inductive coupler, a reflected power detector, a power source and a power control system. The inductive coupler is configured to charge at least one electronic device present in the docking area. The inductive coupler takes power form the power source. The inductive coupler is also configured to communicate with the electronic device to exchange a set of information. The reflected power detector is operably coupled to the inductive coupler and identifies the set of information exchanged by the inductive coupler. The power control system is operably coupled to the reflected power detector and the power source. The power control system controls the charging of the electronic device by the power source based on the set of information identified by the reflected power detector.
US07825613B2
A backlight assembly includes a plurality of unit blocks to emit light. Each unit block includes a light-emitting part and a driving part. The light-emitting part includes at least two red light-emitting diodes (LEDs), two green LEDs, and two blue LEDs. The driving part includes a red LED-driving element that provides the red LEDs with a driving voltage, a green LED-driving element that provides the green LEDs with a driving voltage, and a blue LED-driving element that provides the blue LEDs with a driving voltage. LEDs may be driven together in a group, or may be driven individually to sequentially emit red light, green light, and blue light so a color filter is not included in a display panel having the backlight assembly. A driving element is connected to the LEDs to reduce manufacturing costs for the driving element circuits, thereby reducing manufacturing costs of the backlight assembly.
US07825608B2
A multi-discharge tube lighting apparatus connectable to a power source comprising a first output terminal and a second output terminal respectively outputting voltages of opposite phases, the lighting apparatus comprises first to n-th discharge tube units where n represents an integer of two or more, each of which has a first end connected to the first output terminal and a second end connected to the second output terminal and comprises at least one discharge tube, a first winding, and a second winding, which are connected in series between a first end and a second end. The first winding of the first discharge tube unit is electromagnetically coupled via a transformer to the second winding of the n-th discharge tube unit. The first windings of the second and subsequent discharge tube units are electromagnetically coupled via transformers to the second windings of the previous discharge tube units, respectively.
US07825607B1
A d-c to d-c converter circuit (DDCC) (10) that is comprised of a passive thin-film hybrid circuit that includes an input circuit (12), a voltage regulator circuit (14), a comparator circuit (16), an oscillator circuit (18) and an output circuit (20). The input circuit (12) is applied an input d-c voltage (11) from the vehicle's battery circuit (50). The input voltage (11) is converted by the DDCC (10) into an output d-c voltage (23) that is suitable to operate a set of LED tail lamps and/or a set of LED turn-signal lamps. The DDCC (10) is designed to replace a prior art heat-producing, voltage dropping resistive element (Rx) that drops the battery voltage to a suitable level to operate the LEDs. Additionally, the DDCC (10) is easily spliced into the vehicle's electrical wiring cable (54), requires a small mounting space and produces no significant heat.
US07825604B2
A drive circuit (100) includes an operational amplifier (OP1) that compares a voltage applied to an inverting input terminal with a reference voltage applied to a non-inverting input terminal, a MOS transistor (M1) that has an output connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier (OP1) and supplies a current to a load (3) depending on a comparison result of the operational amplifier (OP1), and a switch (SW1) that switches, based on a control signal, between outputting the comparison result of the operational amplifier (OP1) to the MOS transistor (M1) and outputting a predetermined voltage to the MOS transistor (M1) to turn off the MOS transistor (M1).
US07825599B2
A lighting control apparatus of a vehicle-purpose lighting device can contribute power saving effect, and prevention of a deterioration of a semiconductor light source, and also, can maintain driving safety characteristics. When an input terminal becomes a low level while a vehicle is stopped, a PNP transistor is turned ON, so that a source current I1 flows through a current detecting terminal; a switching regulator lights an LED under beam attenuating operation of 70% in accordance with a light emitting degree capable of satisfying a luminous intensity distribution defined in a law; when an upper beam is lighted, the input terminal becomes a low level; a PNP transistor is turned ON; a source current I2 flows through the current detecting terminal, so that the light emitting degree of the LED is further decreased, and thus, the switching regulator lights the LED under beam attenuating operation of 50%.
US07825598B2
A mercury-free discharge composition is provided. The mercury-free discharge composition may include Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium, or combinations thereof, and a halogen. The composition may be capable of emitting radiation if excited, and the composition may produce a total equilibrium operating pressure of less than about 100,000 pascals if excited. A mercury-free discharge lamp is also provided. The mercury-free discharge lamp may include an envelope; an ionizable discharge composition including Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium, or a combination thereof applied within the envelope.
US07825588B2
An object of the present invention is to provide an EL display device, which has a high operating performance and reliability. A third passivation film 45 is disposed so as to be in contact with an EL element 203 which comprises a pixel electrode (anode) 46, an EL layer 47 and a cathode 48, to make a structure in which heat generated by the EL element 203 is radiated. Further, the third passivation film 45 prevents alkali metals within the EL element 203 from diffusing into the TFTs side, and prevents moisture and oxygen of the TFTs side from penetrating into the EL element 203. More preferably, heat radiating effect is given to a fourth passivation film 50 to make the EL element 203 to be enclosed by heat radiating layers.
US07825586B2
An organic electroluminescent device including a substrate, a gate line on the substrate, a data line on the substrate, wherein the data line crosses the gate line, a switching element connected to the gate line and the data line, a plurality of driving elements connected to the switching element, each of the plurality of driving elements are interconnected in parallel, and an organic electroluminescent diode connected to each of the plurality of driving elements.
US07825575B2
A solid-state element device having: a solid-state element; a power receiving/supplying portion for mounting thereto the solid-state element, and receiving/supplying a power from/to the solid-state element; and a wavelength converting portion having a phosphor layer formed inside a sealing glass having the same coefficient of thermal expansion as that of the power receiving/supplying portion for sealing the solid-state element, the phosphor layer being obtained by mixing a glass and a phosphor with each other, and melting the glass.
US07825573B2
A spark plug assembly (10) for engine applications where the combustion chamber is difficult to access when servicing or replacing a spark plug. The spark plug assembly (10) includes a fairly traditional spark plug component (28) to which an elongated tubular conduit (12) is attached, such as by welding, to a portion of the metallic shell (32). The conduit (12) contains an upper ceramic insulator (52) adjacent its top end (14) disposed in end-to-end abutting contact with an outer elastomeric insulator (58). The ceramic insulator of the spark plug component (28), herein referred to as a lower ceramic insulator (30), is surrounded by the outer elastomeric insulator (58) and held securely within the conduit (12) thereby. An inner elastomeric insulator (62) is disposed in a continuous passageway formed between aligned central bores formed in the respective upper ceramic (52) and outer elastomeric (58) insulators. The inner elastomeric insulator (62) supports and further electrically isolates an elongated electrically conductive center electrode extension (48) that is in direct electrical conductivity with the center electrode (44) of the spark plug component (28). An ignition lead wire makes electrical contact with the center electrode extension (48) and thereby delivers electrical energy at timed intervals to the spark gap.
US07825569B2
A method of manufacturing a ceramic includes forming a film which includes a complex oxide material having an oxygen octahedral structure and a paraelectric material having a catalytic effect for the complex oxide material in a mixed state, and performing a heat treatment to the film, wherein the paraelectric material is one of a layered catalytic substance which includes Si in the constituent elements and a layered catalytic substance which includes Si and Ge in the constituent elements. The heat treatment includes sintering and post-annealing. At least the post-annealing is performed in a pressurized atmosphere including at least one of oxygen and ozone. A ceramic is a complex oxide having an oxygen octahedral structure, and has Si and Ge in the oxygen octahedral structure.
US07825564B2
A controller for a high-frequency agitation source includes a signal generator to generate a drive signal having a variable duty cycle. The drive signal is used to drive the high-frequency agitation source. The controller also includes a temperature detector to detect the temperature of the high-frequency agitation source. The controller is configured to vary the duty cycle of the drive signal in response to the temperature of the high-frequency agitation source. By varying the duty cycle of the drive signal, the average power supplied to the piezoelectric crystal can be varied while still maintaining a fixed amplitude of oscillation. This allows the temperature of a high-frequency agitator, for example, a piezoelectric crystal, to be controlled.
US07825550B2
A method to hook a magnet wire extracted from a coil A stator core 35 includes a core back 352 of a substantially annular shape. At a radially outer end portion of the core back 352 four teeth 351 are arranged radially. At the teeth 351, a coil 371 is formed by winding a magnet wire 37 via an insulator 36. A first insulator 361 configuring a lower half of the insulator 36 includes a first core back insulating portion 3611, 1 first teeth insulating portion 3612, and a first cylindrical portion 3613. A hook portion 4 is formed at the first core back insulating portion 3611 at radially outer side, and between the teeth 351. The magnet wire 37 extracted from the coil 371 is hooked on the hook portion 4. The magnet wire 37 hooked on the hook portion 4 is lead the magnet wire 37 around the hook portion 4 as a base, and is soldered to a land 381 formed above a circuit board 38.
US07825547B2
An electret device includes an electret film capable of storing charges and a protective film formed so as to substantially surround a side end surface of the electret film.
US07825543B2
Disclosed is an apparatus for use in wireless energy transfer, which includes a first resonator structure configured to transfer energy non-radiatively with a second resonator structure over a distance greater than a characteristic size of the second resonator structure. The non-radiative energy transfer is mediated by a coupling of a resonant field evanescent tail of the first resonator structure and a resonant field evanescent tail of the second resonator structure.
US07825542B2
An electrical power supply apparatus has at least one electrical load connection to which an electrical load can be connected. A first electrical power supply connection can be connected to a mains supply network. A second electrical power supply connection is connected to an autonomous electrical power supply, such as a photovoltaic system. A switching apparatus switches the connection of the at least one electrical load connection to the first electrical power supply connection in mains operation or to the second electrical power supply connection in island operation. In order to improve the energy management during island operation, the at least one electrical load connection has at least one associated evaluation and control apparatus, which identifies the island operation of the electrical power supply apparatus and switches the at least one electrical load connection on or off, at least during island operation, as a function of preset criteria.
US07825539B2
An electronic device includes a first power supply unit, a second power supply unit, and a control circuit. The control circuit connected between the first power supply unit and the second power supply unit is configured for detecting an output power of the first power supply unit, and comparing the output power with a rated power of the first power supply unit. When the output power exceeds the rated power of the first power supply unit, the control circuit allows the second power supply unit to power the electronic device.
US07825538B2
A power distribution system includes a plurality of loads and a plurality of power sources. The power distribution system also includes an interconnect arrangement including a plurality of interconnects. The interconnects connect each load to a given number of different ones of the sources so that each load is fully powered notwithstanding failure of any one of the sources.
US07825537B2
An inductive power transfer system includes a base unit comprising a first inductive element for providing input power to a second inductive element of a target unit providing output power, a positioning structure provided on at least one of the base unit and the target unit for removably positioning the second inductive element at a predetermined orientation and distance relative to the first inductive element, a switch element configured for selectively applying a time varying electric current to the first inductive element to produce a time varying magnetic field for inducing an electric current in the second inductive element, and a control circuit for monitoring one parameter indicative of an efficiency of power transfer and automatically selectively adjusting at least one characteristic of the time varying electric current responsive to the parameter to maximize an efficiency of power transfer from the base unit to the target unit.
US07825521B2
An integrated circuit package includes a substrate comprising a first contact. A first integrated circuit mechanically attached to the substrate. The first integrated circuit comprising a second contact. A first redistribution layer arranged on the first integrated circuit. The first redistribution layer includes a trace coupled to the second contact. A first wire connects the first contact to the second contact. A flip-chip integrated circuit comprises a third contact connected to the trace by a conductive bump. A second integrated circuit mechanically coupled to the flip-chip integrated circuit. The second integrated circuit comprises a fourth contact. A second wire connects the fourth contact to at least the second contact or the first contact.
US07825510B2
A method in which a base layer is deposited in a contact hole region under a protective gas, where base layer contains a nitride as main constituent. After the deposition of the base layer, a covering layer is deposited under gaseous nitrogen. An adhesion promoting layer results which is simple to produce and has good electrical properties.
US07825503B2
An embodiment of the present invention is a technique to fabricate a cover assembly. A cover has a base plate and sidewalls attached to perimeter of the base plate. The sidewalls have a height. A plurality of devices is attached to underside of the base plate. The devices have length corresponding to the height such that the devices are sealed within the cover when the cover is attached to a surface.
US07825498B2
A semiconductor device according to the present invention includes an island provided on one surface of a resin substrate, an external terminal provided on the other surface of the substrate, a thermal pad provided on the other surface of the substrate in opposed relation to the island, a heat conduction portion extending through the substrate from the one surface to the other surface to connect the island to the thermal pad in a thermally conductive manner, and a solder resist portion provided on the other surface of the substrate and having a heat dissipation opening which defines a gap with respect to an outer periphery of the thermal pad and a terminal opening which exposes the external terminal.
US07825494B2
An image sensor may include a dielectric, a metal interconnection, an align key, a first substrate, a photodiode, and a transparent electrode. The first substrate may include a pixel region, a peripheral circuitry region and a scribe lane. The dielectric may include a metal interconnection and an align key over the first substrate. The photodiode may be formed over the pixel region and the scribe lane. The transparent electrode may be formed over the photodiode. The align key may have a protrusion formed in a center thereof.
US07825493B2
A field-effect transistor that increases the operation speeds of complementary field-effect transistors. Each of an nMOSFET and a pMODFET has a Ge channel and source and drain regions formed of an NiGe layer. The height of Schottky barriers formed at a junction between a channel region and the source region of the nMOSFET and at a junction between the channel region and the drain region of the nMOSFET is changed by very thin high-concentration segregation layers formed by making As atoms, Sb atoms, S atoms, or the like segregate at the time of forming the NiGe layer. As a result, Schottky barrier height suitable for the nMOSFET and the pMODFET can be obtained, thus being capable of realizing high-speed CMOSFETs.
US07825488B2
A variety of isolation structures for semiconductor substrates include a trench formed in the substrate that is filled with a dielectric material or filled with a conductive material and lined with a dielectric layer along the walls of the trench. The trench may be used in combination with doped sidewall isolation regions. Both the trench and the sidewall isolation regions may be annular and enclose an isolated pocket of the substrate. The isolation structures are formed by modular implant and etch processes that do not include significant thermal processing or diffusion of dopants so that the resulting structures are compact and may be tightly packed in the surface of the substrate.
US07825487B2
A guard ring structure for use in a semiconductor device. The guard ring structure includes a semiconductor layer stack having a first layer and a second layer on top of the first layer, gates structures formed in the first layer; and guard rings formed in the first layer. The second layer has a dopant concentration that is higher than the dopant concentration of the first layer. The gates and the guard rings are formed simultaneously using a single mask.
US07825481B2
A transistor having a narrow bandgap semiconductor source/drain region is described. The transistor includes a gate electrode formed on a gate dielectric layer formed on a silicon layer. A pair of source/drain regions are formed on opposite sides of the gate electrode wherein said pair of source/drain regions comprise a narrow bandgap semiconductor film formed in the silicon layer on opposite sides of the gate electrode.
US07825474B2
Channel regions continuous with transistor cells are disposed also below a gate pad electrode. The channel region below the gate pad electrode is fixed to a source potential. Thus, a predetermined reverse breakdown voltage between a drain and a source is secured without forming a p+ type impurity region below the entire lower surface of the gate pad electrode. Furthermore, a protection diode is formed in a conductive layer disposed at the outer periphery of an operation region.
US07825471B2
A semiconductor memory device includes a first well region of a first conductivity type, first and second SRAM cells adjacently arranged to each other, the first and second SRAM cells each including at least a first transfer transistor and a drive transistor formed on the first well, the first transfer transistor and the drive transistor being coupled in series between a bit line and a power source line, and a first diffusion region of the first conductivity type arranged between the drive transistor of the first SRAM cell and the drive transistor of the second SRAM cell, to apply a first well potential to the first well.
US07825470B2
A method of fabricating semiconductor components in-situ and in a continuous integrated sequence includes the steps of providing a single crystal semiconductor substrate, epitaxially growing a first layer of rare earth insulator material on the semiconductor substrate, epitaxially growing a first layer of semiconductor material on the first layer of rare earth insulator material, epitaxially growing a second layer of rare earth insulator material on the first layer of semiconductor material, and epitaxially growing a second layer of semiconductor material on the second layer of rare earth insulator material. The first layer of rare earth insulator material, the first layer of semiconductor material, the second layer of rare earth insulator material, and the second layer of semiconductor material form an in-situ grown structure of overlying layers. The in-situ grown structure is etched to define a semiconductor component and electrical contacts are deposited on the semiconductor component.
US07825466B2
The present invention provides a super-junction semiconductor element having a high voltage resistance and a low resistivity, while being successfully reduced in the size thereof, which comprises a semiconductor substrate 3; a pair of electrodes 1, 2 provided respectively on a top surface 12 and a back surface 13 of the semiconductor substrate 3; a parallel pn layer provided between the top surface 12 and the back surface 13 of said semiconductor substrate, having n-type semiconductor layers 4 allowing current flow under the ON state but being depleted under the OFF state, and p-type semiconductor layers 5 alternately arranged therein; and an insulating film 6 formed so as to surround the parallel pn layer; wherein the insulating film 6 is formed at a predetermined position.
US07825463B2
A semiconductor device includes a silicon substrate; a device isolation structure formed in the silicon substrate to delimit an active region which has a pair of gate forming areas, a drain forming area between the gate forming areas, and source forming areas outside the gate forming areas; an asymmetric bulb-type recess gate formed in each gate forming area of the active region and having the shape of a bulb on the lower end portion of the sidewall thereof facing the source forming area; and source and drain areas respectively formed on the surface of the substrate on both sides of the asymmetric bulb-type recess gate.
US07825452B2
A memory cell, array and device include an active area formed in a substrate with a vertical transistor including a first end disposed over a first portion of the active area. The vertical transistor is formed as an epitaxial post on the substrate surfaces extends from the surface of the substrate, and includes a gate formed around a perimeter of the epitaxial post. A capacitor is formed on the vertical transistor and a buried digit line vertically couples to a second portion of the active area. An electronic system and method for forming a memory cell are also disclosed.
US07825448B2
A semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing thereof are provided. The semiconductor device includes two epitaxial semiconductor layers formed on a semiconductor substrate, bit lines formed on upper portions of the two epitaxial semiconductor layers, and a charge storage layer formed on the semiconductor substrate between the two epitaxial semiconductor layers.
US07825445B2
A magnetoresistive memory element has a free layer, and a write current path aligned with a free layer plane. The memory element has a pinned layer with a magnetization direction aligned with that of the free layer. A barrier layer is disposed between the free layer and the pinned layer. The free, barrier and pinned layers together form a layer stack that has a read current path that extends through the layer stack and that is not aligned with the write current path in the free layer.
US07825436B2
A thin film electron source comprising a substrate, a lower electrode formed on one main face of said substrate, an insulation layer formed in contact with said lower electrode and an upper electrode formed in contact with said insulation layer. The upper electrode comprises a first under-layer, a second under-layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer laminated from the insulation layer side. A main material of the first under-layer is IrO2 or RuO2; a main material of the second under-layer is Ir or Ru, and a main material of the surface layer is a member selected from the group consisting of Au and Ag.
US07825432B2
A semiconductor structure includes a first layer of a nitride semiconductor material, a substantially unstrained nitride interlayer on the first layer of nitride semiconductor material, and a second layer of a nitride semiconductor material on the nitride interlayer. The nitride interlayer has a first lattice constant and may include aluminum and gallium and may be conductively doped with an n-type dopant. The first layer and the second layer together have a thickness of at least about 0.5 μm. The nitride semiconductor material may have a second lattice constant, such that the first layer may be more tensile strained on one side of the nitride interlayer than the second layer may be on the other side of the nitride interlayer.
US07825426B2
A semiconductor light-emitting device includes a lead frame, a semiconductor light-emitting element mounted on the top surface of the bonding region, and a case covering part of the lead frame. The bottom surface of the bonding region is exposed to the outside of the case. The lead frame includes a thin extension extending from the bonding region and having a top surface which is flush with the top surface of the bonding region. The thin extension has a bottom surface which is offset from the bottom surface of the bonding region toward the top surface of the bonding region.
US07825423B2
In a semiconductor device 100, a light emitting device 102 is mounted on a substrate 101. A light reflection preventing film 130 for preventing a reflection of a light is formed on an upper surface of the light emitting device 102. Moreover, a plate-shaped cover 103 formed of a glass having a light transparency is disposed above the light emitting device 102, and a light reflection preventing film 140 for preventing a reflection of a light is also formed on an upper surface of the cover 103.
US07825417B2
A technique for suppressing the bowing of an epitaxial wafer is provided. The epitaxial wafer is prepared by successively epitaxially growing a target group III-nitride layer, an interlayer and another group III-nitride layer on a substrate with a buffer layer. The interlayer is mainly composed of a mixed crystal of GaN and InN expressed in a general formula (GaxIny)N (0≦x≦1, 0≦y≦1, x+y=1) (or a crystal of GaN), and does not contain Al. The interlayer is epitaxially formed at a lower growth temperature than those of the group III-nitride layers, more specifically at a temperature in a range of at least 350° C. to not more than 1000° C.
US07825405B2
A semiconductor nanocrystal heterostructure has a core of a first semiconductor material surrounded by an overcoating of a second semiconductor material. Upon excitation, one carrier can be substantially confined to the core and the other carrier can be substantially confined to the overcoating.
US07825404B2
An embodiment of the invention provides an integrated circuit having an organic field effect transistor (OFET) with a dielectric layer. The dielectric layer is prepared from a polymer formulation comprising: about 100 parts of at least one crosslinkable base polymer, from about 10 to about 20 parts of at least one di- or tribenzyl alcohol compound as an electrophilic crosslinking component, from about 0.2 to about 10 parts of at least one photo acid generator, and at least one solvent. Another embodiment provides a semiconductor fabrication method. The method comprises applying the polymer formulation to a surface of a substrate, drying the polymer formulation, crosslinking the polymer formulation after drying, and baking the polymer formulation after crosslinking.
US07825391B2
Various mechanisms are provided relating to plasma-based light source that may be used for lithography as well as other applications. For example, a device is disclosed for producing extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light based on a sheared plasma flow. The device can produce a plasma pinch that can last several orders of magnitude longer than what is typically sustained in a Z-pinch, thus enabling the device to provide more power output than what has been hitherto predicted in theory or attained in practice. Such power output may be used in a lithography system for manufacturing integrated circuits, enabling the use of EUV wavelengths on the order of about 13.5 nm. Lastly, the process of manufacturing such a plasma pinch is discussed, where the process includes providing a sheared flow of plasma in order to stabilize it for long periods of time.
US07825389B2
Methods and apparatus for controlling a gas cluster ion beam formed from a plurality of process gases in a gas mixture. The methods and apparatus involve measuring gas analysis data relating to the composition of the gas mixture and modifying the irradiation of the workpiece in response to the detected parameter. The gas analysis data can be derived from samples of the composition of the gas mixture flowing from a gas source to the gas cluster ion beam apparatus or samples of the residual gases inside the vacuum vessel of the gas cluster ion beam apparatus.
US07825376B2
One aspect relates to optically detecting an at least one scintillated viewable and/or visible photon that has been converted from the at least one induced X-ray fluorescing photon. The aspect can also relate to optically detecting an at least one scintillated viewable and/or visible photon that has been converted from the at least one induced X-ray fluorescing photon.
US07825369B2
A displacement sensor which detects a positional displacement of a movable member, comprises a position signal generating section configured to generate a periodical signal in accordance with movement of the movable member, a generating section of a signal for detecting a reference position, configured to generate the signal for detecting the reference position, when the movable member is in a predetermined position, a reference position detection circuit configured to detect that the movable member is in a reference position based on the signal for detecting the reference position, generated by the generating section of the signal for detecting the reference position, in synchronization with the periodical signal generated by the position signal generating section, and a selecting section configured to be capable of selecting a phase position to be synchronized from a plurality of phase positions on the periodical signal in the synchronization in the reference position detection circuit.
US07825363B2
An exemplary MLA unit for use in a projection device is disclosed. The projection device includes an LCD panel. The LCD panel includes a number of pixels each having an opening. The MLA unit includes a first MLA, and a second MLA. The first MLA includes a number of first micro lenses each configured for focusing incident light into the opening of a respective pixel of the LCD panel. The second MLA includes a number of second micro lenses each aligned with a respective first micro lens of the first MLA so as to form a micro lens system. The second MLA is movable so as to change the effective focal length of the lens systems.
US07825352B2
A glow plug including a tubular body with elements for fixing it into a bore, an intermediate tubular part arranged inside the tubular body, a finger disposed inside the intermediate tubular part with a heating electrode, and a pressure sensor connected to the intermediate tubular part, wherein a face of the sensor facing the finger is pressed thereto.
US07825351B2
A hand held electrode holder has a power on/off switch on the handle of the electrode holder and a trigger to open the clamping jaws that clamp the electrode. The holder has internal parts which operate such that the trigger cannot open the clamping jaws while the switch is in the power on position thereby reducing the possibility of an electric hazard when changing electrodes.
US07825349B2
A laser system (99) for patterning a mold insert includes a laser source module (10), a feedback module (20), and a controlling module (30). The laser source module includes a laser source (11) for emitting laser beams, and a lens module (10) with a changeable focal length configured for focusing the laser beams on the surface of the mold insert. The feedback module (20) is configured for receiving the laser beams reflected from the surface of the mold insert and generating a corresponding feedback signal according to the received laser beams. The controlling module is configured for receiving the feedback signal from the feedback module thereby controlling the laser source according to the feedback signal. A method for manufacturing the mold insert is also provided.
US07825345B1
A reversely mountable tactile switch assembly has a switch housing with switch terminals and an actuator button secured thereto on the same side of the housing, and can be used on a printed circuit board. The resulting printed circuit board provides for smaller units to be used, especially with appliances.
US07825339B2
A protector main body including a bottom wall and both side walls and having an upper surface opening, is provided with an electric wire holder on a lower portion side of a bent portion, the electric wire holder projecting from a first side wall of the side walls and laid and locked to a second side wall of the side walls. The protector main body is also provided with taping tabs on both end portions in a length direction of the bottom wall. An electric wire bundle inserted through the protector main body is taped and fixed to the taping tabs, and pressed by the electric wire holder on the lower portion side of the bent portion, so as to prevent the electric wire bundle from projecting from the both side walls. In this state, the lid is covered on locked to the upper surface opening of the protector main body.
US07825338B2
A method for interconnecting a first electric cable, constituted by a carbon fiber bundle enveloped in a first insulating sheath, with a second cable constituted by a metallic conductor enveloped in a second insulating sheath; the method provides for the removal of a first portion of the first sheath that covers a first end of the carbon fiber bundle, and the removal of a second portion of the second sheath that covers a second end of the metallic conductor, for an extension greater than that of the first portion. The method then provides for the spiral-like winding of the second end of the metallic conductor, starting from the first end of the first cable, until such metallic conductor affects the first sheath, and then the change of direction of advancement of the spiral defined by such second end, to provide at least one loop that covers the first sheath. The method then provides for the spiral-like winding of the metallic conductor in a direction of the first end of the bundle and the mutual alignment of the first and second cables, and then the addition of at least one layer of tin or other conductor or covering element to totally cover the second end of the metallic conductor.
US07825328B2
A backside illuminated multi-junction solar cell module includes a substrate, multiple multi-junction solar cells, and a cell interconnection that provides a series connection between at least two of the multi-junction solar cells. The substrate may include a material that is substantially transparent to solar radiation. Each multi-junction solar cell includes a first active cell, grown over the substrate, for absorbing a first portion of the solar radiation for conversion into electrical energy and a second active cell, grown over the first active cell, for absorbing a second portion of the solar radiation for conversion into electrical energy. At least one of the first and second active cells includes a nitride.
US07825320B2
A musical keyboard includes a plurality of white keys and black keys. As a number of keys are depressed simultaneously, a pattern of the depressed keys is judged as categorized in a number of predetermined patterns of depressed keys in view of the white keys and the black keys based on the input note data acquired from the depressed keys. A plurality of types of harmonization are predetermined, from among which a type of harmonization is determined. According to the determined type of harmonization, the input note data representing the notes of the depressed keys are adjusted so that inadequate notes included in the input notes are changed to adequate notes to constitute a chord as permitted by the type of harmonization in view of musical grammar. An unskilled player can play music incorporating improvisation which would need higher musical skill, as the inadvertently erroneous depression of the keys is rectified in the note data processing.
US07825312B2
A piano, playable in an acoustic mode and a silent mode, includes a series of keys, a series of key actions, and a series of rotatable hammers. Each key action is actuated by depression of a corresponding key. Each hammer defines a forward throw direction and has a corresponding string. The hammers are driven by corresponding key actions transferring forces from corresponding keys. The piano includes a hammer stopper system that has a blocking rail slidably disposed forward of the hammers. A linear actuator moves the blocking rail along a substantially linear path between a first position, allowing unobstructed movement of the hammers, and a second position blocking at least one hammer from striking its corresponding string. The linear actuator moves the blocking rail to the first position for acoustic play and to the second position for silent play.
US07825310B1
A novel maize variety designated PHWEJ and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PHWEJ with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHWEJ through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PHWEJ or a trait conversion of PHWEJ with another maize variety. Inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHWEJ, methods for producing other inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHWEJ and the inbred maize varieties and their parts derived by the use of those methods.
US07825298B1
The present invention is in the field of soybean variety S06-03DL075132 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean variety S06-03DL075132 and its progeny, and methods of making S06-03DL075132.
US07825291B2
An absorbent article 10 has front 12, crotch 14 and rear 16 portions. The article has an absorbent core 18 of unitary construction and of uniform density, which is defined by a pair of opposing longitudinal edges 20;22 and a pair of opposing transverse edges 24;26. The absorbent core 18 has at least a first 28 and a second 30 region, the average thickness of the absorbent core 18 in these first and second regions 28, 30 being lower than the average thickness of the absorbent core 18 surrounding the first and second regions 28;30, the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 being arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal center line A of the article such that each of the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 extends to the respective longitudinal edge 20;22 of the absorbent core. The distance ax between the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 in the transverse direction varying along the longitudinal direction of the article. A minimum distance a1 between the first and second lower thickness regions 28;30 in the transverse direction is located at least in the transition 32 between the crotch portion 14 and the front portion 12. The article provides good, secure fit and high comfort to the wearer.
US07825288B2
The present invention provides processes to immobilize radioactive and/or hazardous waste in a borosilicate glass, the waste containing one or more of radionuclides, hazardous elements, hazardous compounds, and/or other compounds. The invention also provides borosilicate glass compositions for use in immobilizing radioactive and/or hazardous waste.
US07825282B2
A process for the conversion of tertiary butyl alcohol to ethyl tertiary butyl ether, including: dehydrating tertiary butyl alcohol to form a product stream comprising isobutylene and water; separating the product stream to form an isobutylene-rich fraction and a water-rich fraction; separating the water-rich fraction to recover a hydrocarbon fraction and a water fraction having less than 1 ppm hydrocarbon content; reacting isobutylene in the isobutylene-rich fraction with ethanol to form a reaction product comprising ethyl tertiary butyl ether; separating the reaction product to recover unreacted ethanol and an ethyl tertiary butyl ether stream; and recycling at least a portion of the unreacted ethanol to the reacting; wherein the ethyl tertiary butyl ether stream comprises at least 99 weight percent ethyl tertiary butyl ether.
US07825278B2
The invention relates to substituted enaminones of Formula I and their derivatives and the discovery that these compounds modulate the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the GABAA receptor complex in a therapeutically relevant fashion and may be used to ameliorate CNS disorders amenable to modulation of the GABAA receptor complex.
US07825275B2
To provide a novel fluorinated compound, a fluoropolymer and a method for producing the compound.A compound represented by the formula CF2═CFCF2C(X)(C(O)OZ)(CH2)nCR═CHR (wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group or a group represented by the formula —C(O)OZ, Z is a hydrogen atom or a C1-20 monovalent organic group, n is 0, 1, or 2, and R is a hydrogen atom or a C1-20 monovalent organic group), a method for producing it, and a fluoropolymer obtained by polymerizing the compound.
US07825274B2
A bisbiphenylacylphosphine oxide of formula (I) and its preparation method are provided. The formula of —Ar— is First, 10-chloro-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene (CDOP) is prepared by using 2-phenylphenol, and then is esterified to synthesize 6-methoxy-(6H)-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxa-phosphorin (MDOP). Next, acid chloride compounds are added for performing the Arbuzov reaction to synthesize bisbiphenylacylphosphine oxide. CDOP is hydrolyzed to be derived into 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphen-anthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), and then DOPO reacts with arylaldehyde to form secondary alcohol. Therefore, bisbiphenylacylphosphine oxide is prepared by using secondary alcohol under oxidation. Also, under a coupling reaction, DOPO reacts with the acid chloride compounds by using a Lewis acid as a catalyst to prepare bisbiphenylacylphosphine oxide.
US07825271B2
Compounds having the active site of natural lipoxins, but a longer tissue half-life are disclosed. In particular, 15-epi-lipoxins and their use in ameliorating undesired cell proliferation, which characterizes diseases such as cancer, are also disclosed.
US07825267B2
The present invention provides novel analogs of FR901464, as well as an improved methodology for preparing FR901464 and its analogs. These compounds display an anti-cancer activity and are candidates for therapies against a number of disease states associated with dysfunctional RNA splicing.
US07825266B1
The present invention provides a method for extracting fulvic acid from complexes of humic substances. The fulvic acid extract is safe for human and animal consumption and for application to plant foliage. As a result of the extraction method, the fulvic acid extract further comprises calcium and may comprise magnesium.
US07825259B2
The reaction of N-alkylimidazol with alkyl sulfonates, at room temperature, favors the production of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium alkane-sulfonates as crystalline solids at high yields. The alkane-sulfonate anions may be easily substituted by a series of other anions [BF4, PF6, PF3(CF2CF3)3, CF3SO3 and (CF3SO2)2N] through simple anion, salt, or acid reactions in water at room temperature. The extraction with dichloromethane, filtration, and evaporation of the solvent, allows the production of the desired ionic liquids at a yield of 80-95%. The purity of these ionic liquids (in some cases >99.4%) is performed using the intensity of 13C satellite signals from the magnetic resonance spectrums of the N-methyl imidazolium group as an internal standard.
US07825257B1
The synthesis of benzotriazole monomers and the use of the benzotriazole monomers and one or more other monomers to prepare ultraviolet (UV) light absorbing polymer compositions. The synthetic methods described in this application provide a significant improvement over the previous methods used to prepare benzotriazole monomers.
US07825255B2
The invention relates to the compounds of formula (I), to a method for producing the same and to the use thereof as medicaments.
US07825245B2
The present invention relates to quinazoline derivatives of formula I: wherein X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined herein. The invention also relates to a method of preparing these compounds, and use of these compounds for inhibiting tumor growth.
US07825244B2
The invention is directed to alkylquinoline and alkylquinazoline compounds of Formula C: wherein R1, R2, R99, and X are as defined herein, the use of such compounds in the synthesis of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors, particularly inhibitors of FLT3 and/or c-kit and/or TrkB.
US07825236B2
The invention relates to therapeutic antisense oligonucleotides directed against genes coding for phosphodiesterase (PDEs) and the use of these in combination. These antisense oligonucleotides may be used as analytical tools and/or as therapeutic agents in the treatment of disease associated with reduced cellular cAMP in a patient, such as inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract including, for example, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchitis, chronic bronchitis, silicosis, pulmonary fibrosis, lung allograft rejection, allergic rhinitis and chronic sinusitis as well as other conditions in which an increase in cyclic AMP or a decrease in PDE levels is beneficial.
US07825235B2
Compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2. The compositions comprise oligonucleotides, targeted to nucleic acid encoding diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2. Methods of using these compounds for modulation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 expression and for diagnosis and treatment of disease associated with expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 are provided.
US07825233B2
Nucleic acid molecules that comprise modified open reading frames providing increased expression of the encoded active BoNT/E in a heterologous cell, expression constructs and cells comprising such nucleic acid molecules and methods useful for expressing the encoding active BoNT/E from such nucleic acid molecules, expression constructs and cells.
US07825232B2
The invention provides a novel anti-repressor element, which is useful for improving expression of nucleic acid in host cells. Methods using the novel anti-repressor element for producing a protein of interest are also provided. The invention also provides new configurations of expression cassettes comprising anti-repressor elements.
US07825226B2
Methods for making glycoproteins, both in vitro and in vivo, are provided. One method involves incorporating an unnatural amino acid into a protein and attaching one or more saccharide moieties to the unnatural amino acid. Another method involves incorporating an unnatural amino acid that includes a saccharide moiety into a protein. Proteins made by both methods can be further modified with additional sugars.
US07825219B2
The invention relates to a medicament against tumors and their metastases, which preferentially settle in bone tissue, comprising as active ingredient at least one binding molecule which binds to bone sialoprotein or a fragment thereof in serum or plasma.
US07825212B2
This invention provides a polylactic acid resin composition in which stereocomplex crystals of poly-L-lactic acid and poly-D-lactic acid can be selectively crystallized to obtain polylactic acid having a sufficiently high speed of crystallization and a sufficiently high ratio of stereocomplex crystal and a molded article thereof obtained via melt molding and crystallization of the same. Such polylactic acid resin composition comprises polylactic acid capable of generating stereocomplex crystallization and an aromatic urea compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms; and m is an integer between 1 to 6.
US07825208B2
Golf equipment having at least one portion formed from amine-adduct modified polyurea compositions, including epoxy-silicone modified polyurea compositions, epoxy modified polyurea compositions, silicone modified polyurea compositions, and polyurea compositions including polyamine/carbonyl adducts and/or amine-modified adducts having backbones based on polyfunctional acrylates or methacrylates or caprolactone monomers or oligomers.
US07825207B2
The invention relates to polysiloxanes containing guanidino groups for which the guanidino groups can be combined arbitrarily with other functional groups on the polysiloxane backbone according to the general formula (I)
US07825206B2
The invention provides a process for preparing SiOC-bonded polyorganosiloxanes by reacting, by processes known per se, hydroxyl-containing compounds with a stoichiometric excess of polyorganosiloxanes which contain —Si(H) units and are of the general formula (I) in the presence of one or more element compounds of main group III and/or of transition group 3 as a catalyst, wherein the reaction, on completion of conversion of the compounds containing hydroxyl groups, is continued until no further ≡Si—H groups are detectable by gas volumetric means, and also the compounds prepared in this way and their use.
US07825202B2
The present invention is directed to a catalyst system for synthesizing rubbery polymers, such as styrene-butadiene rubber, that can be utilized in tire tread rubbers. The catalyst system, in one embodiment, includes an organolithium compound and a potassium alkyl borohydride or potassium alkyl aluminum hydride defined by: (R)3A−(H)K+, wherein A is boron or aluminum, H is hydrogen, K is potassium, and R, which is the same or different, is either H, a C1-C10 alkyl, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl, phenyl, or phenyl substituted C1-C10 alkyl, or a C3-C10 cycloalkyl, with the proviso that at least one R is a C1-C10 alkyl, and further wherein any two R's may optionally be part of a carbocyclic ring. The rubbery polymers can have low to medium vinyl microstructure content, i.e., from about 10% to about 40%, and are useful in tire tread rubber compounds which can exhibit improved wear and tear characteristics.
US07825191B2
A composition and an article comprising or produced from the composition are disclosed. The composition comprises an ionomer and a reducing static charge-buildup amount of potassium ion wherein the ionomer is neutralized with sodium, zinc, or magnesium ions. The article can be a film including a multilayer film.
US07825184B2
The present invention relates to a thermoelastic polyolefin-based elastomer sheet composition for water based coating treatment, which comprises a partially crosslinked thermoelastic polyolefin-based elastomer resin, a non-crosslinked thermoelastic polyolefin-based elastomer resin, a polypropylene resin, an ethylene octene rubber resin, a linear low density polyethylene resin, polyethylene master batch containing a lubricant, and an inorganic filler, the composition being useful for vehicular inner parts (e.g., crash pad) due to its superior elongation, heat resistance, humidity resistance and molding property.
US07825173B2
A process for the production of aqueous binder latices by multistage emulsion polymerization in the aqueous phase, comprising the successive steps: 1) free-radical polymerization of a mixture A of olefinically unsaturated, free-radically polymerizable monomers, comprising at least one monomer with at least one acid group in a proportion corresponding to an acid value of mixture A of 10 to 100 mg of KOH/g and 0.5 to 5 wt. % of at least one olefinically polyunsaturated monomer, in the aqueous phase, 2) neutralization of acid groups of the polymer formed in process step 1) and 3) free-radical polymerization of at least one mixture B of olefinically unsaturated, free-radically polymerizable monomers, comprising at least one monomer with at least one acid group in a proportion corresponding to an acid value of mixture B or each of the mixtures B of 0 to below 5 mg of KOH/g, at least one monomer with at least one hydroxyl group in a proportion corresponding to a hydroxyl value of mixture B or each of the mixtures B of 0 to below 5 mg of KOH/g and at least one olefinically polyunsaturated monomer in a proportion of 0.5 to 5 wt. %, relative to mixture B or each of the mixtures B, in the presence of the product obtained in process step 2), wherein the ratio by weight of mixture A to the at least one mixture B is from 15:85 to 85:15 and wherein neutralization is not begun in process step 2) until at least 90 wt. % of the monomers of mixture A have been polymerized to completion.
US07825171B2
The present invention relates to a waterproofing and air barrier coating composition that can inhibit mold formation on interior structural surfaces. The coating composition includes a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent and a waterproofing polymeric composition that can also prevent air penetration. The polymeric composition includes a solvent, a hydrocarbon resin, a polymeric composition, and a filler. The present invention also relates to methods for preparation of such a waterproof coating composition, and methods for preventing mold formation on a structural unit, by applying a coating composition to a surface of the structural unit.
US07825169B2
A water-absorbent composition includes: a specific plant extract; a water-absorbent resin whose surface portion and/or periphery thereof is treated; and/or a water-absorbent resin having a specific property. Specifically, it is preferable to use a water-absorbent resin having three characteristics: (1) a specific neutralization rate, (2) a specific particle diameter, and (3) a specific plant extract. The water-absorbent composition has a superior deodorant performance and an absorbent characteristic when the water-absorbent composition is used (provided) in an absorbing product such as a paper diaper, thereby providing a superior deodorant performance and a superior absorbent characteristic to the foregoing absorbing product.
US07825167B2
The invention relates to a dental composition comprising a) halogenated aryl alkyl ether component (A) comprising at least 1 aryl alkyl ether moiety, at least 1 halogen atom attached to each aryl residue of the aryl alkyl ether moieties, at least 2 unsaturated moieties, b) Si—H functional component (B), c) initiator (C), d) optionally filler (D), and e) optionally component (E) selected from modifiers, dyes, pigments, thixotropic agents, flow improvers, polymeric thickness, surfactants, odorous substances, diluting agent(s) and flavourings.
US07825164B1
A process is disclosed for converting a feed comprising synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbons within a single reactor at essentially common reaction conditions. The synthesis gas contacts a catalyst bed comprising a mixture of a synthesis gas conversion catalyst on a support containing an acidic component and a dual functionality catalyst including a hydrogenation component and a solid acid component. The hydrocarbons produced are liquid at about 0° C., contain at least 25% by volume C10+ and are substantially free of solid wax.
US07825156B2
A benzamide derivative, especially amisulpride, is used to prevent or treat bipolar depression of a patient suffering from bipolar disorder I or bipolar disorder II.
US07825134B2
Ophthalmically acceptable compositions used in arresting the development of macular degeneration, retinopathy, glaucoma, eyelid disorders, corneal disease, or uveitis are disclosed. The compositions comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent and at least one compound having the formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as defined herein.
US07825131B2
The present invention relates to compounds having the structure (I) useful as potassium channel inhibitors to treat cardiac arrhythmias, and the like.
US07825130B2
A new PTEN opener or a new opener of a large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (Maxi-K channel) which comprises as an active ingredient a tetrazolylalkoxy-dihydrocarbostyril compound of the formula (I): wherein R is cycloalkyl, A is lower alkylene, and the bond between 3- and 4-positions of the carbostyril nucleus is single bond or double bond, or a salt thereof, which is useful as a medicament for promotion of the survival of normal cells, brain cells, heart cells, and skin, and further for inhibiting of Gram negative sepsis and cell migration and cell invasion due to inhibition of PTEN and is further useful as a medicament for the treatment of neuronal disorders, for example, an anticonvulsant, a neuroprotecting agent, a medicament for treatment of regional cerebral edema and neurologic motor impairment, cognitive disorders, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, migraine, and Alzheimer's disease, etc.
US07825120B2
Certain substituted ((piperazin-1-ylmethyl)benzyl)urea derivatives selectively modulate the cardiac sarcomere, for example by potentiating cardiac myosin, and may be useful in the treatment of systolic heart failure including congestive heart failure.
US07825112B2
The disclosure relates to 2-carbamide-4-phenylthiazole derivatives having the following general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, Y and p are as defined in the disclosure. The disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of formula (I), to processes for preparing the compounds of formula (I), and to methods of using the compounds of formula (I).
US07825110B2
The invention is directed to nonpeptide substituted spiroheterobenzazepine of Formula I, which are useful as vasopressin receptor antagonists for treating conditions associated with vasopressin receptor activity such as those involving increased vascular resistance and cardiac insufficiency, including congestive heart failure, hyponatremia, and hypertension. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula I and methods of treating conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, cardiac insufficiency, coronary vasospasm, cardiac ischemia, liver cirrhosis, hyponatremia, renal vasospasm, renal insufficiency, renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, cerebral edema, cerebral ischemia, stroke, thrombosis, or water retention are also disclosed.
US07825109B2
A compound having an ability to bind to an S1P receptor (particularly EDG-6, preferably EDG-1 and EDG-6), for example, the compound represented by formula (I) of the present invention, a salt thereof, a solvate thereof or a prodrug thereof is useful for prevention and/or treatment of rejection of transplantation, graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune disease, allergic disease and the like. wherein ring A is a cyclic group; ring B is a cyclic group which may have substituent(s); X is a spacer having 1 to 8 atoms in its main chain, etc.; Y is a spacer having 1 to 10 atoms in its main chain, etc.; n is 0 or 1, wherein when n is 0, m is 1 and R1 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and wherein when n is 1, m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 7 and R1 is a substituent, and wherein m is 2 or more, R1s are the same or different.
US07825102B2
The present invention provides a method for treating dry eye condition in an individual comprising administrating to said individual an amount of A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonist, the amount being effective to ameliorate symptoms of dry eye in the individual. In accordance with one embodiment, the dry eye condition is manifested by one or more ophthalmologic clinical symptoms selected from foreign body sensation, burning, itching, irritation, redness, eye pain, blurred vision, degraded vision and excessive tearing. A preferred A3RAg in accordance with the invention is N6-(3-iodobenzyl)-adenosine-5′-N-methyluronamide (IB-MECA).
US07825101B2
In various aspects and embodiments the invention provides methods and reagents for controlling gene expression, and for treating disorders and diseases. Embodiments provide methods and reagents specifically for the regulation of MLCK expression and for the use thereof in treating disorders and diseases. Various embodiments provide methods and reagents for specifically down regulating the expression of MLCK-L more efficiently than that of MLCK-S, and for the use thereof in treating disorders and diseases. Embodiments provide siNA for the same, particularly siRNAs. Various of the embodiments are useful for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and diseases, including, for one example in this regard, Asthma.
US07825100B2
The present invention discloses a specific GRP78 expression-inhibition RNAi sequence, a medicine thereof and a method thereof, wherein an RNAi sequence 5′-AAGGATGGTTAATGATGCTGAGAA-3′ complementary to GRP78 forms a special hair-pin structure inside cancer cells to specifically and effectively inhibit GRP78 expression and then inhibit the canceration process, including the growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancer.
US07825095B2
A patient suffering from an endobronchial infection is treated by administering to the patient for inhalation a dose of less than about 4.0 ml of a nebulized aerosol formulation comprising from about 60 to about 200 mg/ml of an aminoglycoside antibiotic, such as tobramycin, in a physiologically acceptable carrier in a time period of less than about 10 minutes. Unit dose devices for storage and delivery of the aminoglycoside antibiotic formulations are also provided.
US07825084B2
Provided are compositions comprising beta-alanylhistidine peptides and beta-alanines, and methods for administering these peptides and amino acids. In one aspect, the compositions and methods cause an increase in the blood plasma concentrations of beta-alanine and/or creatine.
US07825083B2
A composite tissue formed in situ is provided. The composite tissue includes a synovial joint tissue; and a barrier material adhered thereto for sealing the synovial joint tissue against synovial fluid. Also provided is a method for regenerating synovial joint tissue in situ by excluding synovial fluid therefrom. The method includes providing a synovial joint tissue having a defect; and placing a barrier material in intimate contact with the defect for sealing the defect against synovial fluid. The barrier material includes a curable protein copolymer. The method further includes curing the protein copolymer in situ. The barrier material can include a crosslinked network, or a self gelled network of repeating elastin-like and fibroin-like polymer chains.
US07825082B2
A highly protonated, supercharged, low pH, non-corrosive composition and process for making the composition wherein the composition has a milli-volt charge between 400 and 1400, a proton count between 8×10^24 and 14×10^24, and a pH level at 1 part composition with 99 parts water between 0.9 and 1.8.
US07825081B2
Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising tetrafluoropropene and hydrofluorocarbons and uses thereof, including use in refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, blowing agent compositions, and aerosol propellants.
US07825072B2
An inhibitive water-based polymer mud system and method for using the system in drilling and in stabilizing wellbores is disclosed for use in water sensitive formations as an alternative to oil-based muds. The system comprises a substantially non-ionic low molecular weight polyacrylamide in combination with a substantially non-ionic high molecular weight polyacrylamide, preferably long chain alcohol or an amine or silicate shale inhibitor, and poly anionic cellulose.
US07825069B2
Provided herein are sets of mass labels. Each mass label in a set includes: 1) a mass marker moiety; 2) a mass normalization moiety; and 3) a cleavable linker connecting the mass marker moiety to the mass normalization moiety. Each mass marker moiety is characterized as having a mass different from that of all other mass marker moieties in the set as determined by mass spectrometry. Further, each mass normalization moiety ensures that each mass label in the set has substantially the same mass as determined by mass spectrometry.
US07825067B1
A landscaping film, including a film sheet having a plurality of perforations defined therethough and discrete deposits of a weed control agent at locations on the film corresponding to the locations of the perforations.
US07825062B2
A carrier, which comprises non-platelet alumina and/or a bond material, has a surface area of at least 1.3 m2/g, a total pore volume and a pore size distribution such that at least 80% of the total pore volume is contained in pores with diameters in the range of from 0.1 to 10 μm, and at least 80% of the pore volume contained in the pores with diameters in the range of from 0.1 to 10 μm is contained in pores with diameters in the range of from 0.3 to 10 μm, and a process for the preparation of a carrier which comprises forming a mixture comprising: a) from 50 to 95 weight percent of a first particulate α-alumina having a median particle size (d50) of from 5 to 100 μm; b) from 5 to 50 weight percent of a second particulate α-alumina having a d50 which is less than the d50 of the first particulate α-alumina and which is in the range of from 1 to 10 μm; and c) an alkaline earth metal silicate bond material; weight percent being based on the total weight of α-alumina in the mixture; and firing the mixture to form the carrier.
US07825052B2
A refractory material used in refractory furnace liners, combustion chambers, baffles and artificial fire logs includes alumina silicate; an additive comprising at least one of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, boron nitride and silicon carbo-nitride; and a binder. The refractory material is light weight, has a high noise reduction capacity, is fire resistant and has a reduced silica content. In a most preferred embodiment, the additive makes up 50.0% to 55.0% of the material by weight, the binder makes up 4.5% to 5.0% of the material by weight and the linear shrinkage of the material is no greater than 3.5% at 2600° F. A preferred binder is colloidal silica although many others are suitable. Preferably, the material is free of cellulose fiber and sodium silicate.
US07825051B2
A glass composition is disclosed. The glass composition includes base glass composition including SiO2 from 65 to 75 weight percent, Na2O from 10 to 20 weight percent, CaO from 5 to 15 weight percent, MgO from 0 to 5 weight percent, Al2O3 from 0 to 5 weight percent, K2O from 0 to 5 weight percent, and BaO from 0 to 1 weight percent, and a colorant and property modifying portion including total iron from up to 0.02 weight percent, CeO2 from 0.05 weight percent to 1.5 weight percent, CoO up to 50 PPM, Se up to 15 PPM, Cr2O3 up to 500 PPM, CuO up to 0.5 weight percent, V2O5 up to 0.3 weight percent, TiO2 up to 1 weight percent, NiO up to 200 PPM, Er2O3 up to 3 weight percent, MnO2 up to 0.6 weight percent, and Nd2O3 up to 2 weight percent, wherein the glass composition has a redox ratio up to 0.55.
US07825048B2
A puncture resistant composite comprises a first textile layer and a second textile layer, each of which comprises a plurality of yarns or fibers having a tenacity of about 8 or more grams per denier. The layers are stacked so that the upper surface of the second textile layer is adjacent to the lower surface of the first textile layer. At least one of the lower surface of the first textile layer and the upper surface of the second textile layer comprises about 10 wt. % or less, based on the total weight of the textile layer, of a coating comprising a plurality of particles having a diameter of about 20 μm or less. The coating can also comprise a binder. The composite can also be used in combination with other puncture resistant and/or ballistic resistant materials or components. A process for producing a puncture resistant composite is also provided.
US07825045B1
An armor composite material has been invented which contains a fabric which has been impregnated with shear thickening fluid. This invention offers a ballistic resistant material that is more flexible and less bulky than comparable, conventional ballistic fabric. The material in the alternative can be puncture resistant. The invented material offers superior ballistic performance and/or puncture resistance compared to conventional ballistic fabric-based materials of equal thickness. The invented material can be applied to applications requiring armor that is compact and/or flexible, such as body armor, protective clothing and flexible protective devices and shields, and stab resistant clothing and devices.
US07825043B2
A method for fabricating a capacitor in a semiconductor device includes: forming a bottom electrode; forming a ZrxAlyOz dielectric layer on the bottom electrode using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method, wherein the ZrxAlyOz dielectric layer comprises a zirconium (Zr) component, an aluminum (Al) component and an oxygen (O) component mixed in predetermined mole fractions of x, y and z, respectively; and forming a top electrode on the ZrxAlyOz dielectric layer.
US07825042B2
The present invention provides a method for depositing nano-porous low dielectric constant films by reacting an oxidizable silicon containing compound or mixture comprising an oxidizable silicon component and an oxidizable non-silicon component having thermally liable groups with nitrous oxide, oxygen, ozone, or other source of reactive oxygen in gas-phase plasma-enhanced reaction. The deposited silicon oxide based film is annealed to form dispersed microscopic voids that remain in a nano-porous silicon oxide based film having a low-density structure. The nano-porous silicon oxide based films are useful for forming layers between metal lines with or without liner or cap layers. The nano-porous silicon oxide based films may also be used as an intermetal dielectric layer for fabricating dual damascene structures. Preferred nano-porous silicon oxide based films are produced by reaction of methylsilyl-1,4-dioxinyl ether or methylsiloxanyl furan and 2,4,6-trisilaoxane or cyclo-1,3,5,7-tetrasilylene-2,6-dioxy-4,8 dimethylene with nitrous oxide or oxygen followed by a cure/anneal that includes a gradual increase in temperature.
US07825032B2
The method of fabricating semiconducting nanowires having a desired wire diameter includes providing pre-fabricated semiconducting nanowires, at least one pre-fabricated nanowire having a wire diameter larger than the desired wire diameter (d); and reducing the wire diameter of the at least one pre-fabricated nanowire by etching. The etching is induced by light which is absorbed by the at least one pre-fabricated nanowire. The spectrum of the light is chosen such that the absorption of the at least one pre-fabricated nanowire is significantly reduced when the at least one pre-fabricated nanowire reaches the desired wire diameter.
US07825031B2
The invention relates to a method of fabricating an integrated circuit, including the steps of providing at least one layer; performing a first implantation step, wherein particles are implanted into the layer under a first direction of incidence; performing a second implantation step, wherein particles are implanted into the layer under a second direction of incidence which is different from the first direction of incidence; performing a removal step, wherein the layer is partially removed depending on the local implant dose generated by the first and the second implantation step.
US07825028B2
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising forming a hydrophobic interlayer insulating film having a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less above a semiconductor substrate, forming a recess in the interlayer insulating film, depositing a conductive material above the interlayer insulating film having the recess to form a conductive layer, selectively removing the conductive material deposited above the interlayer insulating film by polishing to expose a surface of the interlayer insulating film while leaving the conductive material in the recess, and subjecting the surface of the interlayer insulating film having the recess filled with the conductive material to pressure washing using a resin member and an alkaline washing liquid containing an inorganic alkali and exhibiting a pH of more than 9.
US07825023B2
This invention relates to a process for manufacturing interconnection structures, including: a) the formation on a substrate of a first layer comprising one or several conducting zones (24) and one or several insulating zones made of an organic material (26), b) coverage of this first layer by a porous layer (28), c) consumption and elimination of at least part of the organic material through the porous layer, using enzymes and/or proteins.
US07825022B2
An electronic package includes a substrate (110, 310, 510) and a solder resist layer (120, 320, 520) over the substrate. The solder resist layer has a plurality of solder resist openings (121, 321, 521) therein. The electronic package further includes a finish layer (130, 330, 535) in the solder resist openings, an electrically conducting layer (140, 440) in the solder resist openings over the finish layer, and a solder material (150, 810) in the solder resist openings over the electrically conducting layer. The electrically conducting layer electrically connects the solder resist openings in order to enable the electrokinetic deposition of the solder material.
US07825019B2
A semiconductor structure and a method for forming the same. The structure includes (a) a substrate which includes semiconductor devices and (b) a first ILD (inter-level dielectric) layer on top of the substrate. The structure further includes N first actual metal lines in the first ILD layer, N being a positive integer. The N first actual metal lines are electrically connected to the semiconductor devices. The structure further includes first trenches in the first ILD layer. The first trenches are not completely filled with solid materials. If the first trenches are completely filled with first dummy metal lines, then (i) the first dummy metal lines are not electrically connected to any semiconductor device and (ii) the N first actual metal lines and the first dummy metal lines provide an essentially uniform pattern density of metal lines across the first ILD layer.
US07825015B2
The present invention provides a method for implanting ions in a semiconductor device capable of compensating for a difference in threshold voltages between a central portion and edge portions of a substrate generated while performing uniform ion implantation to entire surfaces of a substrate and another method for fabricating a semiconductor device capable of improving distribution of transistor parameters inside a substrate by forming a nonuniform channel doping layer or by forming a nonuniform junction profile.
US07825006B2
One embodiment of a method according to the present invention for fabricating a high light extraction photonic device comprises growing a lift-off layer on a substrate and growing an epitaxial semiconductor device structure on the lift-off layer such that the lift-off layer is sandwiched between said device structure and substrate. The epitaxial semiconductor structure comprises an emitter adapted to emit light in response to a bias. The device structure, lift-off layer and substrate is flip-chip mounted on a submount such that the epitaxial semiconductor device structure is sandwiched between the submount and lift-off layer. The lift-off layer is removed to separate the substrate from the device structure. Different removal methods can be used such as removal by a photo electrochemical etch or by illuminating the lift-off layer with laser light.
US07824996B2
A resist pattern (5) is formed in a dimension of a limitation of an exposure resolution over a hard mask material film (4) over a work film (3). The material film (4) is processed using the resist pattern (5) as a mask. A hard mask pattern (6) is thereby formed. Thereby a resist pattern (7), over a non-selected region (6b), having an opening (7a) through which a selection region (6a) in the mask pattern is exposed is formed. Only the mask pattern (6a) exposed through the opening (7a) is slimmed by performing a selection etching, the work film (3) is etched by using the mask pattern (6). A work film pattern (8) is thereby formed, which include a wide pattern section (8a) of a dimension width of the limitation of the exposure resolution and a slimmed pattern section (8a) of a dimension that is not more than the limitation of the exposure resolution.
