摘要:
A method and a system for producing a change in a medium. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the energy modulation agent.
摘要:
Methods, structures, devices and systems are disclosed for fabrication of microtube engines using membrane template electrodeposition. Such nanomotors operate based on bubble-induced propulsion in biological fluids and salt-rich environments. In one aspect, fabricating microengines includes depositing a polymer layer on a membrane template, depositing a conductive metal layer on the polymer layer, and dissolving the membrane template to release the multilayer microtubes.
摘要:
Methods of forming a hierarchical porous monolith are provided. The methods include mixing a monomer, a silica precursor and a catalyst in a solvent to form a mixture. The methods also include adding a gelling agent to the mixture to form a polymer-silica composite gel. The polymer-silica composite gel undergoes a phase separation to separate from the solvent and the unreacted silica precursor. The method further includes drying the polymer-silica composite gel to evaporate the solvent to form a polymer-silica monolith and processing the polymer-silica monolith to form at least one of a polymer monolith, a carbon monolith, a silica monolith and a carbon-silica monolith.
摘要:
A catalyst, including: a transition metal; and an organic solvent. The transition metal is dispersed in the organic solvent in the form of monodisperse nanoparticles; the transition metal has a grain size of between 1 and 100 nm; and the catalyst has a specific surface area of 5 and 300 m2/g. The invention also provides a method for preparing a catalyst, including: 1) dissolving an organic salt of a transition metal in an organic solvent including a polyhydric alcohol, to yield a mixture; and 2) heating and stirring the mixture in the presence of air or inert gas, holding the mixture at the temperature of between 150 and 250° C. for between 30 and 240 min, to yield the catalyst.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides a process for preparing a hydrocarbon fuel from waste rubber. The process involves admixing, in a reaction vessel, at least one fluid medium with the waste rubber to obtain a slurry; wherein the concentration of the waste rubber in the slurry ranges from 45% to 70%. A reactor is charged with the slurry and a predetermined amount of at least one catalyst composition to obtain a mixture, followed by introduction of hydrogen to the reactor to attain a predetermined pressure and heating the mixture at a predetermined temperature, to attain an autogenously generated pressure, and for a predetermined time period to obtain a reaction mass comprising the hydrocarbon fuel. This reaction mass comprising the hydrocarbon fuel is then cooled to obtain a cooled reaction mass. The hydrocarbon fuel is then separated from the cooled reaction mass.
摘要:
Provided is a method for producing aldehydes that brings an excellent alcohol conversion and aldehyde selectivity while suppressing generation of aldol condensates, etc. The method for producing aldehydes includes a step of dehydrogenating primary alcohol in the presence of a catalyst composition. The catalyst composition is a first catalyst composition obtained by adding a potassium salt of a weak acid to a dehydrogenation catalyst containing copper as an active species.
摘要:
This invention relates to a cobalt-based catalyst on a metal structure for selective production of synthetic oil via Fischer-Tropsch reaction, a method of preparing the same and a method of selectively producing synthetic oil using the same, wherein zeolite, cobalt and a support are mixed and ground to give a catalyst sol, which is then uniformly thinly applied on the surface of a metal structure using a spray-coating process, thereby preventing generation of heat during Fischer-Tropsch reaction and selectively producing synthetic oil having a carbon chain shorter than that of wax. This catalyst is prepared by burning a powder mixture obtained by melt infiltration of a cobalt hydrate and a metal oxide support to give a catalyst powder including cobalt oxide/metal oxide support; hybridizing the catalyst powder including cobalt oxide/metal oxide support with a zeolite powder to give a hybrid catalyst powder; mixing the hybrid catalyst powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder and grinding the mixed hybrid catalyst powder to give a hybrid catalyst sol; spray-coating a metal structure surface-treated with alumina by atomic layer deposition with the hybrid catalyst sol; and thermally treating the metal structure spray-coated with the hybrid catalyst sol.
摘要:
Provided is a method for producing aldehydes that brings an excellent alcohol conversion and aldehyde selectivity while suppressing generation of aldol condensates, etc. The method for producing aldehydes includes a step of dehydrogenating primary alcohol in the presence of a catalyst composition. The catalyst composition is a first catalyst composition obtained by adding a potassium salt of a weak acid to a dehydrogenation catalyst containing copper as an active species.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a process for the conversion of biomass to crude bio-oil. Phycocyanin is extracted from the biomass to form phycocyanin extracted biomass (PEB) and subjecting the PEB to HTL conversion to obtain crude bio-oil. PEB results in improved yield of crude bio-oil as compared to the crude bio-oil yield from biomass without first extracting the phycocyanin from the biomass.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides a catalyst composition for conversion of biomass to crude bio oil. The composition comprises at least one metal compound, at least one support and at least one stabilizing/solubilizing agent. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of catalyst composition, and hydrothermal conversion of biomass to crude bio oil.