公开(公告)号：US20100168830A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

申请号：US12718864

申请日：2010-03-05

申请人： Andy Hung ,  Robert Greenberg ,  Dau Min Zhou ,  Jack Judy ,  Neil Talbot

发明人： Andy Hung ,  Robert Greenberg ,  Dau Min Zhou ,  Jack Judy ,  Neil Talbot

IPC分类号： A61N1/05

CPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/0526 ,  A61N1/0541 ,  A61N1/0543 ,  A61N1/0551

摘要： The present invention is a micro-machined electrode for neural-electronic interfaces which can achieve a ten times lower impedance and higher charge injection limit for a given material and planar area.

摘要翻译： 本发明是用于神经 - 电子接口的微加工电极，其可以为给定材料和平面区域实现十倍低阻抗和更高电荷注入极限。

公开(公告)号：US07493169B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-17

申请号：US11498414

申请日：2006-08-02

申请人： Robert Greenberg ,  Richard Williamson

发明人： Robert Greenberg ,  Richard Williamson

IPC分类号： A61N1/18

CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 ,  A61N1/0543

摘要： A method of automatically adjusting an electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual patient is disclosed. By recording neural response to a predetermined input stimulus, one can alter that input stimulus to the needs of an individual patient. A minimum input stimulus is applied to a patient, followed by recording neural response in the vicinity of the input stimulus. By alternating stimulation and recording at gradually increasing levels, one can determine the minimum input that creates a neural response, thereby identifying the threshold stimulation level. One can further determine a maximum level by increasing stimulus until a predetermined maximum neural response is obtained.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种将电极阵列自动调整为单个患者的神经特征的方法。 通过将神经反应记录到预定的输入刺激，可以根据个体患者的需要改变该输入刺激。 对患者应用最小输入刺激，然后在输入刺激附近记录神经反应。 通过以逐渐增加的水平交替刺激和记录，可以确定产生神经反应的最小输入，从而识别阈值刺激水平。 可以通过增加刺激来进一步确定最大水平，直到获得预定的最大神经反应。

公开(公告)号：US20080097548A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-24

申请号：US11926044

申请日：2007-10-28

申请人： Robert Greenberg ,  Kelly McClure ,  Arup Roy

发明人： Robert Greenberg ,  Kelly McClure ,  Arup Roy

IPC分类号： A61N1/00

CPC分类号： A61F9/08 ,  A61N1/36046 ,  A61N1/37276 ,  A61N1/3787 ,  G02C11/10 ,  H04N5/2254

摘要： A visual prosthesis apparatus and a method for limiting power consumption in a visual prosthesis apparatus. The visual prosthesis apparatus comprises a camera for capturing a video image, a video processing unit associated with the camera, the video processing unit configured to convert the video image to stimulation patterns, and a retinal stimulation system configured to stop stimulating neural tissue in a subject's eye based on the stimulation patterns when an error is detected in a forward telemetry received from the video processing unit.

摘要翻译： 一种视觉假体装置和用于限制视力假体装置中的功率消耗的方法。 视觉假体装置包括用于捕捉视频图像的相机，与相机相关联的视频处理单元，视频处理单元，被配置为将视频图像转换为刺激图案;以及视网膜刺激系统，其被配置为停止刺激受试者的神经组织 基于在从视频处理单元接收的前向遥测中检测到错误时的刺激模式的眼睛。

公开(公告)号：US20080085376A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-10

申请号：US11924363

申请日：2007-10-25

申请人： Lucien Laude ,  Neil Talbot ,  Robert Greenberg

发明人： Lucien Laude ,  Neil Talbot ,  Robert Greenberg

IPC分类号： B05D3/06

CPC分类号： H05K3/185 ,  C23C18/1608 ,  C23C18/1612 ,  C23C18/1653 ,  C23C18/1692 ,  C23C18/204 ,  H05K1/0289 ,  H05K1/032 ,  H05K1/0373 ,  H05K1/0393 ,  H05K3/0035 ,  H05K3/007 ,  H05K3/107 ,  H05K3/28 ,  H05K3/4661 ,  H05K3/4682 ,  H05K2201/0162 ,  H05K2201/0209 ,  H05K2203/016 ,  H05K2203/1105

摘要： The present invention relates to a process for embedding at least one layer of at least one metal trace in a silicone containing polymer, comprising: a) applying a non adhering on a substrate; b) applying a polymer layer on the non adhering agent; c) irradiation at least one surface area of said polymer with a light beam emitted by an excimer laser; d) immersing said irradiated polymer in at least one autocatalytic bath containing metal ions of at least one metal and metallizing the polymer; e) thermally treating said metallized polymer; f) applying a polymer layer on said thermally treated metallized polymer; and g) thermally treating said metallized polymer.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种在含硅氧烷聚合物中嵌入至少一层至少一种金属迹线的方法，包括：a）将不粘附在基底上; b）在非粘合剂上施加聚合物层; c）用由准分子激光器发射的光束照射所述聚合物的至少一个表面积; d）将所述照射的聚合物浸入至少一种含有至少一种金属的金属离子并使聚合物金属化的自催化浴; e）热处理所述金属化聚合物; f）将聚合物层施加在所述热处理的金属化聚合物上; 和g）热处理所述金属化聚合物。

公开(公告)号：US20080051862A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-28

申请号：US11923933

申请日：2007-10-25

申请人： Brian Mech ,  Robert Greenberg ,  Honggang Jiang

发明人： Brian Mech ,  Robert Greenberg ,  Honggang Jiang

IPC分类号： A61N1/02 ,  A61L27/06 ,  A61L27/50

CPC分类号： A61N1/37205 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/372 ,  A61N1/375 ,  C23C14/081 ,  C23C14/28

摘要： An implantable micro-miniature device is disclosed. The device comprises a thin hermetic insulating coating and at least one thin polymer or metal secondary coating over the hermetic insulating layer in order to protect the insulating layer from the erosive action of body fluids or the like. In one embodiment the insulating layer is ion beam assisted deposited (IBAD) alumina and the secondary coating is a parylene polymer. The device may be a small electronic device such as a silicon integrated circuit chip. The thickness of the insulating layer may be ten microns or less and the thickness of the secondary layer may be between about 0.1 and about 15 microns.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种可植入微型装置。 该装置包括薄的气密绝缘涂层和在密封绝缘层上的至少一个薄聚合物或金属二次涂层，以保护绝缘层免受体液等的侵蚀作用。 在一个实施例中，绝缘层是离子束辅助沉积（IBAD）氧化铝，第二涂层是聚对二甲苯聚合物。 该器件可以是诸如硅集成电路芯片的小型电子器件。 绝缘层的厚度可以为10微米或更小，并且第二层的厚度可以在约0.1至约15微米之间。

公开(公告)号：US20080051848A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-28

申请号：US11928515

申请日：2007-10-30

申请人： Robert Greenberg ,  Jerry Ok

发明人： Robert Greenberg ,  Jerry Ok

IPC分类号： A61N1/02

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61N1/36046 ,  A61N1/3752 ,  H01L23/057 ,  H01L23/10 ,  H01L23/4985 ,  H01L2224/05573 ,  H01L2224/16225 ,  H01L2224/73204 ,  H01L2224/92125 ,  H01L2924/01079 ,  H01L2924/1461 ,  H05K1/0306 ,  H05K3/321 ,  H05K3/328 ,  H05K3/361 ,  H05K3/4015 ,  H05K3/423 ,  H05K3/4652 ,  H05K3/4691 ,  H05K2201/09127 ,  H05K2201/10287 ,  H05K2201/10295 ,  H05K2201/10977 ,  H05K2203/0733 ,  H05K2203/1446 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： The invention is directed to a method of bonding a hermetically sealed electronics package to an electrode or a flexible circuit and the resulting electronics package that is suitable for implantation in living tissue, such as for a retinal or cortical electrode array to enable restoration of sight to certain non-sighted individuals. The hermetically sealed electronics package is directly bonded to the flex circuit or electrode by electroplating a biocompatible material, such as platinum or gold, effectively forming a plated rivet-shaped connection, which bonds the flex circuit to the electronics package. The resulting electronic device is biocompatible and is suitable for long-term implantation in living tissue.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种将气密密封的电子封装结合到电极或柔性电路的方法，以及所得的电子封装，其适于植入生物组织，例如用于视网膜或皮层电极阵列，以使视力恢复到 某些非目标人士。 电气密封的电子封装通过电镀生物相容性材料（例如铂或金）直接结合到柔性电路或电极上，有效地形成电镀铆钉形连接，其将柔性电路连接到电子封装。 所得到的电子装置是生物相容的并且适合长期植入生物体组织。

公开(公告)号：US20080045826A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-21

申请号：US11923837

申请日：2007-10-25

申请人： Robert Greenberg ,  Matthew McMahon ,  Chris Sekirnjak ,  E.J. Chichilnisky

发明人： Robert Greenberg ,  Matthew McMahon ,  Chris Sekirnjak ,  E.J. Chichilnisky

IPC分类号： A61N1/04

CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 ,  Y10T29/49117

摘要： Existing epiretinal implants for the blind are designed to electrically stimulate large groups of surviving retinal neurons using a small number of electrodes with diameters of several hundred μm. To increase the spatial resolution of artificial sight, electrodes much smaller than those currently in use are desirable. In this study we stimulated and recorded ganglion cells in isolated pieces of rat, guinea pig, and monkey retina. We utilized micro-fabricated hexagonal arrays of 61 platinum disk electrodes with diameters between 6 and 25 μm, spaced 60 μm apart. Charge-balanced current pulses evoked one or two spikes at latencies as short as 0.2 ms, and typically only one or a few recorded ganglion cells were stimulated. Application of several synaptic blockers did not abolish the evoked responses, implying direct activation of ganglion cells. Threshold charge densities were typically below 0.1 mC/cm2 for a pulse duration of 100 μs, corresponding to charge thresholds of less than 100 pC. Stimulation remained effective after several hours and at high frequencies. To demonstrate that closely spaced electrodes can elicit independent ganglion cell responses, we utilized the multi-electrode array to stimulate several nearby ganglion cells simultaneously. From these data we conclude that electrical stimulation of mammalian retina with small-diameter electrode arrays is achievable and can provide high temporal and spatial precision at low charge densities. We review previous epiretinal stimulation studies and discuss our results in the context of 32 other publications, comparing threshold parameters and safety limits.

摘要翻译： 用于盲人的现有的视网膜植入物被设计为使用直径为几百马姆的少量电极来电刺激大组存活的视网膜神经元。 为了增加人造视觉的空间分辨率，期望比目前使用的电极小得多的电极。 在这项研究中，我们在孤立的大鼠，豚鼠和猴视网膜碎片中刺激并记录神经节细胞。 我们利用直径在6到25毫米之间的间隔60毫米的61铂铂电极的微制六边形阵列。 电荷平衡电流脉冲在延迟时间短达0.2 ms时诱发一个或两个尖峰，通常只有一个或几个记录的神经节细胞被刺激。 几种突触阻滞剂的应用并没有消除诱发反应，意味着神经节细胞的直接活化。 阈值电荷密度通常低于0.1 mC / cm2，脉冲持续时间为100 mus，对应于小于100 pC的电荷阈值。 刺激在几个小时后和高频下仍然有效。 为了证明紧密间隔的电极可以引起独立的神经节细胞反应，我们利用多电极阵列同时刺激几个附近的神经节细胞。 从这些数据，我们得出结论，可以实现具有小直径电极阵列的哺乳动物视网膜的电刺激，并且可以在低电荷密度下提供高的时间和空间精度。 我们回顾以前的epiretinal刺激研究，并讨论我们的结果在32个其他出版物，比较阈值参数和安全限制。

公开(公告)号：US20070265665A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-15

申请号：US11821328

申请日：2007-06-21

申请人： Robert Greenberg ,  Neil Talbot ,  Jordan Neysmith ,  James Little ,  Brian Mech

发明人： Robert Greenberg ,  Neil Talbot ,  Jordan Neysmith ,  James Little ,  Brian Mech

IPC分类号： A61N1/18

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61N1/36046 ,  H05K1/036 ,  H05K1/0393 ,  H05K1/118 ,  H05K3/0014 ,  H05K2201/05 ,  H05K2201/053 ,  H05K2201/09063 ,  H05K2201/09409 ,  Y10T29/49002 ,  Y10T29/49117 ,  Y10T29/49155 ,  Y10T29/49156 ,  Y10T29/49158 ,  Y10T29/49174 ,  Y10T29/49176

摘要： The present invention provides a flexible circuit electrode array adapted for neural stimulation, comprising: a polymer base layer; metal traces deposited on said polymer base layer, including electrodes suitable to stimulate neural tissue; a polymer top layer deposited on said polymer base layer and said metal traces at least one tack opening; wherein said polymer base layer, said metal traces and said polymer top layer are thermoformed in a three dimensional shape. The present invention provides further a method of making a flexible circuit electrode array comprising depositing a polymer base layer; depositing metal on said polymer base layer; patterning said metal to form metal traces; depositing a polymer top layer on said polymer base layer and said metal traces; preparing at least one tack opening; and heating said flexible circuit electrode array in a mold to form a three dimensional shape in said flexible circuit electrode array.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种适用于神经刺激的柔性电路电极阵列，包括：聚合物基层; 沉积在所述聚合物基层上的金属痕迹，包括适于刺激神经组织的电极; 沉积在所述聚合物基层上的聚合物顶层和所述金属迹线至少一个粘性开口; 其中所述聚合物基层，所述金属迹线和所述聚合物顶层被热成型为三维形状。 本发明还提供一种制造柔性电路电极阵列的方法，包括沉积聚合物基层; 在所述聚合物基层上沉积金属; 图案化所述金属以形成金属痕迹; 在所述聚合物基底层和所述金属迹线上沉积聚合物顶层; 准备至少一个开口; 并将所述柔性电路电极阵列加热到模具中，以在所述柔性电路电极阵列中形成三维形状。

公开(公告)号：US07263403B2

公开(公告)日：2007-08-28

申请号：US10918112

申请日：2004-08-13

申请人： Robert Greenberg ,  Neil Talbot ,  Brian V. Mech ,  James Little

发明人： Robert Greenberg ,  Neil Talbot ,  Brian V. Mech ,  James Little

IPC分类号： A61N1/00

CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 ,  A61N1/36046

摘要： The invention is a retinal prosthesis with an improved configuration mounting necessary components within and surrounding the eye. The present invention better allows for the implantation of electronics within the delicate eye structure. The invention further limits the necessary width of a thin film conductor passing through the sclera by use of a multiplexer external to the sclera and a demultiplexer internal to the sclera.

公开(公告)号：US20070096281A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-03

申请号：US11592487

申请日：2006-11-02

申请人： Robert Greenberg ,  Neil Talbot ,  Jordan Neysmith ,  Jerry Ok ,  Honggang Jiang

发明人： Robert Greenberg ,  Neil Talbot ,  Jordan Neysmith ,  Jerry Ok ,  Honggang Jiang

IPC分类号： H01L23/20 ,  H01L23/10 ,  H01L23/043 ,  H01L21/00

CPC分类号： A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/3754 ,  H01L23/291 ,  H01L23/3107 ,  H01L24/03 ,  H01L24/05 ,  H01L24/12 ,  H01L24/85 ,  H01L2224/0345 ,  H01L2224/0347 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05083 ,  H01L2224/05124 ,  H01L2224/05147 ,  H01L2224/05164 ,  H01L2224/05166 ,  H01L2224/05187 ,  H01L2224/05624 ,  H01L2224/05647 ,  H01L2224/13099 ,  H01L2224/13164 ,  H01L2224/13169 ,  H01L2224/85 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/01005 ,  H01L2924/01006 ,  H01L2924/01013 ,  H01L2924/01014 ,  H01L2924/01015 ,  H01L2924/01018 ,  H01L2924/01019 ,  H01L2924/01022 ,  H01L2924/01024 ,  H01L2924/01027 ,  H01L2924/01028 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/01033 ,  H01L2924/01041 ,  H01L2924/01046 ,  H01L2924/01047 ,  H01L2924/01077 ,  H01L2924/01078 ,  H01L2924/01079 ,  H01L2924/04941 ,  H01L2924/10253 ,  H01L2924/12042 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  H01L2924/1433 ,  H01L2924/351 ,  H01L2924/04953 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2224/48 ,  H01L2224/45015 ,  H01L2924/207 ,  H01L2224/45099

摘要： An implantable hermetically sealed microelectronic device, and method of manufacture are disclosed. The microelectronic device of the present invention is hermetically encased in a insulator, such as alumina formed by ion bean assisted deposition (“IBAD”), with a stack of biocompatible conductive layers extending from a contact pad on the device to an aperture in the hermetic layer. In a preferred embodiment, one or more patterned titanium layers are formed over the device contact pad, and one or more platinum layers are formed over the titanium layers, such that the top surface of the upper platinum layer defines an external, biocompatible electrical contact for the device. Preferably, the bottom conductive layer is larger than the contact pad on the device, and a layer in the stack defines a shoulder.

摘要翻译： 公开了可植入气密微电子器件及其制造方法。 本发明的微电子器件气密地封装在诸如由离子豆辅助沉积（“IBAD”）形成的氧化铝之类的绝缘体中，一堆生物相容的导电层从器件上的接触垫延伸到密封的孔 层。 在优选实施例中，在器件接触焊盘上形成一个或多个图案化的钛层，并且在钛层上形成一个或多个铂层，使得上铂层的顶表面限定外部的生物相容的电接触， 装置。 优选地，底部导电层大于器件上的接触焊盘，并且堆叠中的层限定了肩部。