摘要:
Process for manufacturing a composite tape (10), consisting in bringing together and in consolidating a multiplicity of continuous yarns (11), characterized in that yarns (11) based on a thermoplastic and on reinforcing fibers are entrained and brought together in a parallel manner in the form of a sheet (12) which enters a zone in which it is heated to a temperature reaching at least the melting point of the thermoplastic and then passes through a rotating impregnation device (80) in order to distribute the molten thermoplastic uniformly and guarantee that the reinforcing fibers are completely impregnated by the latter; next, the sheet (12) is introduced into a shaping and centering device (100) so as to obtain a tape (13) formed by bringing the yarns (11) together so as to be touching, thereby creating transverse continuity; the tape (13) is cooled in order to consolidate the yarns by freezing the thermoplastic and its dimensional characteristics and its appearance are set in order to deliver the said composite tape (10).
摘要:
An extrusion apparatus and method, and a tubular product and a pipe made of several different materials. The extrusion apparatus according to the invention comprises at least one stator (1, 6, 10), at least one rotor (2, 2a, 2b), and at least one annular feed gap (3) situated between the stator (1, 6, 10) and the rotor (2, 2a, 2b). The diameter of the feed gap (3) decreases at least partly continuously in the direction of flow of the plastic material to be extruded, and its diameter also increases continuously at least at a section of its length in the aforementioned direction of flow. With such a construction, the pressure acting on the structure of the extrusion apparatus can be considerably balanced, i.e. the apparatus can be made more durable. The invention also relates to a tubular product and a pipe made of several different materials.
摘要:
A vehicle tire is made by inflating a vulcanized air tube to a slight pressure. Then, at least one thread element is wound around the transverse profile of the air tube to form a first carcass ply consisting of turns disposed consecutively in side-by-side relationship. A pair of annular anchoring elements is applied to the first carcass ply. Then, a second carcass ply is formed by winding at least one thread element so as to form turns disposed consecutively in side-by-side relationship along the circumferential extension of the air tube. Associated with the carcass structure is an annular element made up of a belt structure and a tread band. The carcass structure and annular element can be vulcanized separately from each other to make a tire having a tread band susceptible of replacement together with the belt structure.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing an extrudable product including the steps of (a) providing an apparatus including an extruder having at least one rotor with first grooves, at least one stator with second grooves and a clearance between the rotor and the stator, the first grooves, second grooves and clearance forming a processing cavity having a volume that is equal to the volumes of the first grooves, the second grooves and the clearance, the processing cavity having a cross-sectional area that decreases continuously along at least a part of an axis of the extruder, the extruder further having a supply for feeding a material to be extruded into the processing cavity; b) feeding the material to be extruded in a powder, pellet or granuate form into the processing cavity through the supply and causing rotation of the rotor relative to the stator such that the material is forced to proceed along an x-axis in a shear zone of the extruder where the material is subjected to a shear which causes a fictional heat that melts a part of the material and forms a bed of mainly unmelted particles and melt around the particles, the processing cavity being completely filled at a cross-sectional portion thereof that is a distance from the end of the extruder, the unmelted particles being present in the cross-sectional portion in an amount sufficient to increase a pressure in the extruder to a level that is higher than that needed for pushing the material further along the x-axis to a die.
摘要:
An extruder according to the invention comprises at least two annular conical feed gaps (9) one within the other, formed between a rotatable rotor (1) and a stator (4, 5). At lest some of the material to be extruded is subjected in the different feed gaps (9) of the extruder alternately to a higher pressure and then to a lower pressure. The rotor (1) or stator (4, 5) between the feed gaps (9) can then be balanced such that the pressure effect provides a hydrodynamic bearing, whereby, when the extruder is used, even at worst a very small force is exerted on the other bearings of the rotor (1) or stator (4, 5). By the method of the invention, a product can also be produced which contains cross-linked and at least partly oriented polyethylene.
摘要:
A hose of impermeability has a wall corrugated along at least a part of its length, and formed by an inner thin resin layer, a laminated layer including a metal film, or a layer formed by a metal film, and an outer thin resin layer. It has a very high fluid impermeability owing to its wall layer including or formed by a metal film, and is also very flexible, capable of absorbing vibration, light in weight and strong. A tubular inner thin resin layer is formed by extrusion as the innermost layer of a multi-layered hose wall, and a laminated tape including a metal film, or simply a metal film is spirally wound or longitudinally lapped about the inner resin layer. An outer thin resin layer is formed about a layer formed by the laminated tape, or metal film, and the whole is at least partly corrugated. Alternatively, corrugation is done before an outer thin resin layer is formed by electrostatic powder coating. A different process includes applying a laminated tape including a metal film about a mandrel to form a tubular laminated layer, and after removing the mandrel, coating the inner surface of the tubular layer with a resin powder electrostatically to form a thin resin layer thereon.
摘要:
A multi-layer reinforced and stabilized cable construction comprising a core portion (1, 11) and a non-metallic sheathing portion having barrier and protective layers and two or more outer reinforcement layers. In order for the mechanical and barrier properties of the cable to be controlled, the barrier and protective layers and/or the reinforcement layers (12, 13) are oriented in a controlled manner at different angles by fibrous reinforcements or lamellar barriers.
摘要:
The invention relates to a co-extruded multilayer plastic pipe comprising an inner pipe and an outer pipe and between them a middle layer of a softer material than the inner pipe. The invention also relates to a method of producing a co-extruded multilayer pipe in a multilayer extruder, and an apparatus for producing the co-extruded multilayer pipe.
摘要:
Compositions, methods, and systems for manufacturing articles, particularly containers and packaging materials, having a highly inorganically filled matrix. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together an organic polymer binder, water, one or more aggregate materials, fibers, and optional admixtures in the correct proportions in order to form an article which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures are molded to fashion a portion of the mixture into a form stable shape for the desired article. Once the article has obtained form stability, such as by heating to remove water by evaporation, the article is removed from the mold and allowed to harden to gain strength. The articles may have properties substantially similar to articles presently made from traditional materials like paper, paperboard, polystyrene, plastic, or metal. They have especial utility in the mass production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.
摘要:
Compositions and methods for manufacturing sheets having a starch-bound matrix, optionally reinforced with fibers and optionally including an inorganic mineral filler. Suitable mixtures for forming the sheets are prepared by mixing together water, unmodified and ungelatinized starch granules, a cellulosic ether, optionally fibers, and optionally an inorganic mineral filler in the correct proportions to form a sheet having desired properties. The mixtures are formed into sheets by passing them between one or more sets of heated rollers to form green sheets. The heated rollers cause the cellulosic ether to form a skin on the outer surfaces of the sheet that prevents the starch granules from causing the sheet to adhere to the rollers upon gelation of the starch. The green sheets are passed between heated rollers to gelatinize the starch granules, and then to dry the sheet by removing a substantial portion of the water by evaporation. The starch and cellulosic ether form the binding matrix of the sheets with the fibers and optional inorganic filler dispersed throughout the binding matrix. The starch-bound sheets can be cut, rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued to fashion articles from the sheets much like paper or paperboard. The sheets are particularly useful in the mass production of containers, such as food and beverage containers.