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    Processes for improving the bond between hydrating cement-based materials and existing cement-based substrates
    62.
    发明授权
    Processes for improving the bond between hydrating cement-based materials and existing cement-based substrates 失效
    改善水泥基材料和现有水泥基材料之间粘结的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5505987A

    公开(公告)日：1996-04-09

    申请号：US376890

    申请日：1995-01-20

    申请人： Hamlin M. Jennings ,  Anthony J. Kelzenberg ,  Simon K. Hodson

    发明人： Hamlin M. Jennings ,  Anthony J. Kelzenberg ,  Simon K. Hodson

    IPC分类号： B01F5/00 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01F7/16 ,  B28B1/00 ,  B28B7/34 ,  B28B11/24 ,  B28B23/00 ,  B28C5/38 ,  C04B7/52 ,  C04B22/00 ,  C04B28/04 ,  C04B40/00 ,  C04B40/06 ,  B05D3/10 ,  B05D1/36 ,  B05D5/10 ,  B32B35/00

    CPC分类号： C04B41/5076 ,  B01F7/00908 ,  B01F7/1675 ,  B28B1/00 ,  B28B11/24 ,  B28B11/245 ,  B28B23/0087 ,  B28B7/342 ,  B28C5/388 ,  C04B22/002 ,  C04B28/04 ,  C04B40/00 ,  C04B40/0035 ,  C04B40/0231 ,  C04B40/0616 ,  C04B7/527 ,  E01C7/147 ,  E01C7/351 ,  B01F2005/0002 ,  B01F7/16 ,  C04B2111/72 ,  Y02P40/18

    摘要： Cement compositions and processes for improving the bond between new hydrating cement-based materials and the surface of "old" cement-based substrates are disclosed. A mechanically and chemically integral bond is created between the surfaces of the cement-based materials by moistening the old cement-based surface, exposing the moist surface to carbon or carbonate sources (such as with carbon dioxide) and then applying a new hydrating cement-based material thereon. The treatment of the surface of the cement-based substrate as described above creates an aqueous phase chemistry thereon which is compatible to the aqueous phase chemistry of the hydrating cement-based materials applied thereafter. The compatibility of the aqueous phase chemistries results in a mechanically and chemically integral bond formed between the surface of the old cement-based surface and the hydrating cement-based materials. The bond interface may be characterized by low calcium hydroxide concentrations, the presence of amorphous, noncrystalline material, a low water/cement ratio, greater than 90% of all voids being less than 0.15 mm. in diameter, and a low total air content of the interface. The present invention is particularly applicable to the repairing, resurfacing and topping of existing concrete highways, roads and surfaces.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于改善新型水合水泥基材料与“旧”水泥基底材表面之间的结合的水泥组合物和方法。 通过润湿旧的水泥基表面，将潮湿的表面暴露于碳或碳酸盐源（例如用二氧化碳），然后施加新的水合水泥基材料，在水泥基材料的表面之间产生机械和化学上的整体粘结， 基材。 如上所述处理水泥基底材的表面在其上产生水相化学物质，其与之后应用的水合基水泥基材料的水相化学性质相容。 水相化学品的相容性导致在旧水泥基表面的表面和水合水泥基材料之间形成的机械和化学上的整体粘结。 键合界面的特征可以在于低氢氧化钙浓度，无定形非结晶材料的存在，低水/水泥比，大于全部空隙的90％小于0.15mm。 直径，并且界面的总的总空气含量低。 本发明特别适用于现有的混凝土公路，道路和表面的修复，重铺和顶部覆盖。

    Methods and systems for manufacturing optimized concrete
    64.
    发明授权
    Methods and systems for manufacturing optimized concrete 失效
    制造优化混凝土的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US07386368B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-06-10

    申请号：US11858610

    申请日：2007-09-20

    申请人： Per Just Andersen ,  Simon K. Hodson

    发明人： Per Just Andersen ,  Simon K. Hodson

    IPC分类号： G05B21/00

    CPC分类号： G06F17/5004 ,  C04B28/02 ,  G06F17/5009 ,  G06F2217/04 ,  G06F2217/08 ,  Y02W30/92 ,  Y02W30/94 ,  C04B14/06 ,  C04B18/08 ,  C04B18/146 ,  C04B24/12 ,  C04B40/0096 ,  C04B2103/302 ,  C04B2103/304

    摘要： Design optimization methods can be used to design concrete mixtures having optimized properties, including desired strength and slump at minimal cost. The design optimization methods use a computer-implemented process that is able to design and virtually “test” millions of hypothetical concrete compositions using mathematical algorithms that interrelate a number of variables that affect strength, slump, cost and other desired features. The design optimization procedure utilizes a constant K (or K factor) within Feret's strength equation that varies (e.g., logarithmically) with concrete strength for any given set of raw material inputs and processing equipment. That means that the binding efficiency or effectiveness of hydraulic cement increases with increasing concentration so long as the concrete remains optimized. The knowledge of how the K factor varies with binding efficiency and strength is a powerful tool that can be applied in multiple circumstances. A concrete manufacturing process may include accurately measuring the raw materials to minimize variation between predicted and actual strength, as well as carefully controlling water content throughout the manufacturing and delivery process.

    摘要翻译： 设计优化方法可用于设计具有优化性能的混凝土混合物，包括所需的强度和最低成本的坍落度。 设计优化方法使用计算机实现的过程，其能够使用数学算法来设计和虚拟地“测试”数百万个假设混凝土组合物，该算法将影响强度，坍落度，成本和其他期望特征的多个变量相互关联。 设计优化程序利用Feret强度方程内的常数K（或K因子），其对于任何给定的原料输入和处理设备组的混凝土强度而变化（例如，对数）。 这意味着只要混凝土保持优化，水泥浆的粘合效率或有效性就随着浓度的增加而增加。 K因子如何随着绑定效率和强度而变化的知识是可以在多种情况下应用的强大工具。 混凝土制造过程可以包括准确地测量原材料以最小化预测和实际强度之间的变化，以及在制造和输送过程中仔细控制含水量。

    Biodegradable films and sheets suitable for use as coatings, wraps and packaging materials
    65.
    发明授权
    Biodegradable films and sheets suitable for use as coatings, wraps and packaging materials 有权
    适用于涂料，包装和包装材料的可生物降解膜和片材

    公开(公告)号：US07297394B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-11-20

    申请号：US10087718

    申请日：2002-03-01

    申请人： Kishan Khemani ,  Harald Schmidt ,  Simon K. Hodson

    发明人： Kishan Khemani ,  Harald Schmidt ,  Simon K. Hodson

    IPC分类号： B32B27/00 ,  B32B33/00

    CPC分类号： C08J5/18 ,  C08J2367/02 ,  C08J2367/04 ,  C08J2403/02 ,  C08K5/0016 ,  C08L3/02 ,  C08L67/02 ,  C08L67/04 ,  C08L77/12 ,  Y10T428/231 ,  Y10T428/234 ,  Y10T428/24 ,  Y10T428/24058 ,  Y10T428/24124 ,  Y10T428/24273 ,  Y10T428/249953 ,  Y10T428/249955 ,  Y10T428/249978 ,  Y10T428/25 ,  Y10T428/254 ,  C08L2666/18 ,  C08L2666/02 ,  C08L2666/26 ,  C08L67/03 ,  C08L91/06

    摘要： Biodegradable polymer blends suitable for laminate coatings, wraps and other packaging materials are manufactured from at least one “hard” biopolymer and at least one “soft” biopolymer. “Hard” biopolymers tend to be more brittle and rigid and typically have a glass transition temperature greater than about 10° C. “Soft” biopolymers tend to be more flexible and pliable and typically have a glass transition temperature less than about 0° C. While hard and soft polymers each possess certain intrinsic benefits, certain blends of hard and soft polymers have been discovered which possess synergistic properties superior to those of either hard or soft polymers by themselves. Biodegradable polymers include polyesters, polyesteramides, polyesterurethanes, thermoplastic starch, and other natural polymers. The polymer blends may optionally include an inorganic filler. Films and sheets made from the polymer blends may be textured so as to increase the bulk hand feel. Wraps will typically be manufactured to have good “dead-fold” properties so as to remain in a wrapped position and not spring back to an “unwrapped” form.

    摘要翻译： 适用于层压涂层，包装和其他包装材料的生物可降解聚合物共混物由至少一种“硬”生物聚合物和至少一种“软”生物聚合物制成。 “硬”生物聚合物倾向于更脆和刚性，并且通常具有大于约10℃的玻璃化转变温度。“软”生物聚合物倾向于更柔软和柔韧，并且通常具有低于约0℃的玻璃化转变温度。 虽然硬和软聚合物各自具有某些固有的优点，但已经发现了硬和软聚合物的某些共混物，其本身具有优于硬聚合物或软聚合物的协同性质。 可生物降解的聚合物包括聚酯，聚酯酰胺，聚酯氨酯，热塑性淀粉和其他天然聚合物。 聚合物共混物可任选地包括无机填料。 由聚合物共混物制成的薄膜和薄片可以是纹理化的，以便增加手感。 通常将制造包装以具有良好的“折叠”性质，以便保持在包裹位置并且不弹回到“展开”形式。

    Fibrous sheets coated or impregnated with biodegradable polymers or polymers blends
    66.
    发明授权
    Fibrous sheets coated or impregnated with biodegradable polymers or polymers blends 有权
    用可生物降解的聚合物或聚合物混合物涂覆或浸渍的纤维片

    公开(公告)号：US07172814B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-06

    申请号：US10453318

    申请日：2003-06-03

    申请人： Simon K. Hodson

    发明人： Simon K. Hodson

    IPC分类号： B32B23/00 ,  B32B25/10 ,  B32B27/10

    CPC分类号： D21H19/14 ,  B32B5/02 ,  B32B9/02 ,  B32B9/047 ,  B32B9/06 ,  B32B27/04 ,  B32B27/10 ,  B32B27/12 ,  B32B27/20 ,  B32B27/34 ,  B32B27/36 ,  B32B29/00 ,  B32B37/04 ,  B32B2255/12 ,  B32B2264/10 ,  B32B2264/101 ,  B32B2264/102 ,  B32B2264/104 ,  B32B2264/107 ,  B32B2270/00 ,  B32B2307/30 ,  B32B2307/50 ,  B32B2307/7163 ,  B32B2317/12 ,  B32B2398/20 ,  B32B2553/00 ,  Y10T428/31551 ,  Y10T428/31783 ,  Y10T428/3179 ,  Y10T442/20 ,  Y10T442/2164 ,  Y10T442/2213

    摘要： Fibrous sheets are coated or impregnated with a biodegradable composition to render the sheets more resistant to penetration by liquids. Biodegradable polymer blends suitable for use in coating or impregnating a fibrous sheet can be manufactured from at least one “hard” biodegradable polymer and at least one “soft” biodegradable polymer. “Hard” biopolymers typically have a glass transition temperature of at least about 10° C. “Soft” biodegradable polymers typically have a glass transition temperature less than about 0° C. Another useful biodegradable polymer composition includes one or more biodegradable polymers and sufficient inorganic filler so as to render the treated sheet microwaveable. The biodegradable polymer compositions are especially well-suited for coating or impregnating paper sheets, e.g., 12–15 lb/3000 ft2 tissue paper to yield food wraps. Food wraps will typically be manufactured to have good “dead-fold” properties so as to remain in a wrapped position and not spring back to an “unwrapped” form.

    摘要翻译： 纤维片材用可生物降解的组合物涂覆或浸渍，以使片材更能抵抗液体渗透。 适用于涂布或浸渍纤维片材的可生物降解聚合物共混物可由至少一种“硬”生物可降解聚合物和至少一种“软”可生物降解的聚合物制成。 “硬”生物聚合物通常具有至少约10℃的玻璃化转变温度。“软”可生物降解聚合物通常具有低于约0℃的玻璃化转变温度。另一种有用的可生物降解的聚合物组合物包括一种或多种可生物降解的聚合物和足够的无机物 填充剂，以使经处理的片材可微波。 可生物降解的聚合物组合物特别适用于涂布或浸渍纸张，例如12-15磅/ 3000英尺2的薄纸，以产生食品包装。 食品包装通常被制造成具有良好的“折叠”性质，以便保持在包裹位置，而不是弹回到“展开”形式。

    Biodegradable polymer films and sheets suitable for use as laminate coatings as well as wraps and other packaging materials
    67.
    发明授权
    Biodegradable polymer films and sheets suitable for use as laminate coatings as well as wraps and other packaging materials 有权
    可生物降解的聚合物薄膜和片材适用于层压涂料以及包装和其他包装材料

    公开(公告)号：US06573340B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

    申请号：US09648471

    申请日：2000-08-23

    申请人： Kishan Khemani ,  Per Just Andersen ,  Simon K. Hodson ,  Harald Schmidt

    发明人： Kishan Khemani ,  Per Just Andersen ,  Simon K. Hodson ,  Harald Schmidt

    IPC分类号： C08F2000

    CPC分类号： C08L101/16 ,  B32B27/06 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08J2300/16 ,  C08J2367/02 ,  C08K3/08 ,  C08L3/02 ,  C08L67/02 ,  C08L67/025 ,  C08L67/04 ,  C08L77/12 ,  Y10T428/31786 ,  C08L2666/02 ,  C08L67/00 ,  C08L2666/18 ,  C08L77/00 ,  C08L2666/14

    摘要： Biodegradable polymer blends suitable for laminate coatings, wraps and other packaging materials manufactured from at least one “hard” biopolymer and at least one “soft” biopolymer. “Hard” biopolymers tend to be more brittle and rigid and typically have a glass transition temperature greater than about 10° C. “Soft” biopolymers tend to be more flexible and pliable and typically have a glass transition temperature less than about 0° C. While hard and soft polymers each possess certain intrinsic benefits, certain blends of hard and soft polymers have been discovered which possess synergistic properties superior to those of either hard or soft polymers by themselves. Biodegradable polymers include polyesters, polyesteramides and thermoplastically processable starch. The polymer blends may optionally include an inorganic filler. Films and sheets made from the polymer blends may be textured so as to increase the bulk hand feel. Wraps will typically be manufactured so as to have good “dead-fold” properties so as to remain in a wrapped position and not spring back to an “unwrapped” and planar form. Laminate films will typically have good water vapor barrier properties as measured by the their Water Vapor Permeability Coefficient (WVPC).

    摘要翻译： 适用于由至少一种“硬”生物聚合物和至少一种“软”生物聚合物制造的层压涂料，包装和其它包装材料的可生物降解的聚合物共混物。 “硬”生物聚合物倾向于更脆和刚性，并且通常具有大于约10℃的玻璃化转变温度。“软”生物聚合物倾向于更柔软和柔韧，并且通常具有小于约0℃的玻璃化转变温度。 虽然硬和软聚合物各自具有某些固有的优点，但已经发现了硬和软聚合物的某些共混物，其本身具有优于硬聚合物或软聚合物的协同性质。 可生物降解的聚合物包括聚酯，聚酯酰胺和热塑性可加工淀粉。 聚合物共混物可任选地包括无机填料。 由聚合物共混物制成的薄膜和薄片可以是纹理化的，以便增加手感。 通常将制造包装以具有良好的“折叠”性质，以便保持在包裹位置，并且不弹回到“展开”和平面形式。 通过其水蒸汽渗透系数（WVPC）测量，层压膜通常具有良好的水蒸气阻隔性能。

    Mold apparatus
    68.
    发明授权
    Mold apparatus 有权
    模具设备

    公开(公告)号：US06494704B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

    申请号：US09539549

    申请日：2000-03-31

    申请人： Per Just Andersen ,  Amitabha Kumar ,  Sandeep Kumar ,  Denise S. Miller ,  Simon K. Hodson

    发明人： Per Just Andersen ,  Amitabha Kumar ,  Sandeep Kumar ,  Denise S. Miller ,  Simon K. Hodson

    IPC分类号： B29C4334

    CPC分类号： B29C43/36 ,  B29C37/0007 ,  B29C43/50 ,  B29K2003/00 ,  B29K2995/006 ,  B29L2031/712 ,  Y10S425/812

    摘要： Mold press apparatus for use in the manufacture of molded articles, particularly starch-bound containers and other articles. The mold press apparatus includes a planar array of female mold halves and a corresponding planar array of male mold halves. The planar array of mold halves remain substantially coplanar throughout the process of selectively mating and separating the male and female mold halves. When used to manufacture molded articles from aqueous starch-based compositions, the molds are equipped with venting means, such as vent holes and/or a vent gap, which allow for the escape of water vapor from the mold cavities defined by the mated male/female mold pairs. A suction removal system may be used to remove the molded articles from the mold press apparatus, typically from the female mold halves. The demolded articles are deposited on a conveyor system equipped with individual nests for each article.

    摘要翻译： 用于制造模制品，特别是淀粉结合容器和其它制品的模压机。 模压设备包括阴半模的平面阵列和相应的阳半模的平面阵列。 半模的平面阵列在选择性地配合和分离阳模半模和阴半模的整个过程中保持基本共面。 当用于由水性淀粉基组合物制造模塑制品时，模具配备有通气装置，例如通气孔和/或排气间隙，其允许水蒸汽从由配合的阳/ 女模对。 可以使用抽吸移除系统来从模压机装置（通常从阴模半部分）去除模制品。 脱模的物品被放置在配备有每个物品的单独巢的输送系统上。