公开(公告)号：US08664760B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-04

申请号：US13343582

申请日：2012-01-04

申请人： Chen-Hua Yu ,  Shin-Puu Jeng ,  Shang-Yun Hou ,  Cheng-Chieh Hsieh ,  Kuo-Ching Hsu ,  Ying-Ching Shih ,  Po-Hao Tsai ,  Chin-Fu Kao ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Jing-Cheng Lin

发明人： Chen-Hua Yu ,  Shin-Puu Jeng ,  Shang-Yun Hou ,  Cheng-Chieh Hsieh ,  Kuo-Ching Hsu ,  Ying-Ching Shih ,  Po-Hao Tsai ,  Chin-Fu Kao ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Jing-Cheng Lin

IPC分类号： H01L23/48 ,  H01L23/52 ,  H01L29/40

CPC分类号： H01L24/11 ,  H01L23/147 ,  H01L23/49827 ,  H01L24/13 ,  H01L24/16 ,  H01L24/81 ,  H01L25/04 ,  H01L25/50 ,  H01L2224/0361 ,  H01L2224/03912 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05022 ,  H01L2224/05027 ,  H01L2224/05073 ,  H01L2224/05124 ,  H01L2224/05139 ,  H01L2224/05144 ,  H01L2224/05147 ,  H01L2224/05155 ,  H01L2224/05184 ,  H01L2224/05666 ,  H01L2224/05681 ,  H01L2224/05686 ,  H01L2224/10145 ,  H01L2224/10156 ,  H01L2224/1146 ,  H01L2224/1147 ,  H01L2224/1182 ,  H01L2224/11831 ,  H01L2224/13017 ,  H01L2224/1308 ,  H01L2224/13082 ,  H01L2224/13083 ,  H01L2224/13111 ,  H01L2224/13147 ,  H01L2224/13155 ,  H01L2224/13164 ,  H01L2224/13565 ,  H01L2224/13578 ,  H01L2224/13686 ,  H01L2224/16058 ,  H01L2224/16145 ,  H01L2224/81193 ,  H01L2224/81815 ,  H01L2924/01322 ,  H01L2924/01327 ,  H01L2924/3651 ,  H01L2924/3841 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/014 ,  H01L2924/04941 ,  H01L2924/04953 ,  H01L2924/01047 ,  H01L2924/049 ,  H01L2924/053 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A device includes a top dielectric layer having a top surface. A metal pillar has a portion over the top surface of the top dielectric layer. A non-wetting layer is formed on a sidewall of the metal pillar, wherein the non-wetting layer is not wettable to the molten solder. A solder region is disposed over and electrically coupled to the metal pillar.

公开(公告)号：US08610285B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-17

申请号：US13298046

申请日：2011-11-16

申请人： Chen-Hua Yu ,  Shin-Puu Jeng ,  Shang-Yun Hou ,  Kuo-Ching Hsu ,  Cheng-Chieh Hsieh ,  Ying-Ching Shih ,  Po-Hao Tsai ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Jing-Cheng Lin

发明人： Chen-Hua Yu ,  Shin-Puu Jeng ,  Shang-Yun Hou ,  Kuo-Ching Hsu ,  Cheng-Chieh Hsieh ,  Ying-Ching Shih ,  Po-Hao Tsai ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Jing-Cheng Lin

IPC分类号： H01L23/498 ,  H01L21/768 ,  H01L23/48 ,  H01L29/40

CPC分类号： H01L24/11 ,  H01L23/147 ,  H01L23/49827 ,  H01L24/13 ,  H01L24/16 ,  H01L24/81 ,  H01L25/04 ,  H01L25/50 ,  H01L2224/0361 ,  H01L2224/03912 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05022 ,  H01L2224/05027 ,  H01L2224/05073 ,  H01L2224/05124 ,  H01L2224/05139 ,  H01L2224/05144 ,  H01L2224/05147 ,  H01L2224/05155 ,  H01L2224/05184 ,  H01L2224/05666 ,  H01L2224/05681 ,  H01L2224/05686 ,  H01L2224/10145 ,  H01L2224/10156 ,  H01L2224/1146 ,  H01L2224/1147 ,  H01L2224/1182 ,  H01L2224/11831 ,  H01L2224/13017 ,  H01L2224/1308 ,  H01L2224/13082 ,  H01L2224/13083 ,  H01L2224/13111 ,  H01L2224/13147 ,  H01L2224/13155 ,  H01L2224/13164 ,  H01L2224/13565 ,  H01L2224/13578 ,  H01L2224/13686 ,  H01L2224/16058 ,  H01L2224/16145 ,  H01L2224/81193 ,  H01L2224/81815 ,  H01L2924/01322 ,  H01L2924/01327 ,  H01L2924/3651 ,  H01L2924/3841 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/014 ,  H01L2924/04941 ,  H01L2924/04953 ,  H01L2924/01047 ,  H01L2924/049 ,  H01L2924/053 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A package component is free from active devices therein. The package component includes a substrate, a through-via in the substrate, a top dielectric layer over the substrate, and a metal pillar having a top surface over a top surface of the top dielectric layer. The metal pillar is electrically coupled to the through-via. A diffusion barrier is over the top surface of the metal pillar. A solder cap is disposed over the diffusion barrier.

摘要翻译： 封装组件不含其中的有源器件。 封装部件包括衬底，衬底中的通孔，衬底上的顶部电介质层，以及在顶部电介质层的顶表面上方具有顶表面的金属柱。 金属柱电连接到通孔。 扩散阻挡层在金属支柱的上表面之上。 焊料帽设置在扩散阻挡层上。

公开(公告)号：US20130193593A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-01

申请号：US13362913

申请日：2012-01-31

申请人： Jing-Cheng LIN ,  Cheng-Lin HUANG

发明人： Jing-Cheng LIN ,  Cheng-Lin HUANG

IPC分类号： H01L23/498 ,  H01L21/56

CPC分类号： H01L24/16 ,  H01L21/56 ,  H01L21/563 ,  H01L23/3171 ,  H01L23/3192 ,  H01L23/49816 ,  H01L23/49894 ,  H01L24/02 ,  H01L24/05 ,  H01L24/11 ,  H01L24/13 ,  H01L24/81 ,  H01L24/83 ,  H01L2224/0239 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05008 ,  H01L2224/05166 ,  H01L2224/05181 ,  H01L2224/05187 ,  H01L2224/05572 ,  H01L2224/05624 ,  H01L2224/05639 ,  H01L2224/05644 ,  H01L2224/05647 ,  H01L2224/11849 ,  H01L2224/13005 ,  H01L2224/13012 ,  H01L2224/13023 ,  H01L2224/13024 ,  H01L2224/13082 ,  H01L2224/13083 ,  H01L2224/13111 ,  H01L2224/13113 ,  H01L2224/13116 ,  H01L2224/13139 ,  H01L2224/13147 ,  H01L2224/13155 ,  H01L2224/1601 ,  H01L2224/16225 ,  H01L2224/16227 ,  H01L2224/16238 ,  H01L2224/73204 ,  H01L2224/81011 ,  H01L2224/81193 ,  H01L2224/81801 ,  H01L2224/81815 ,  H01L2224/8191 ,  H01L2224/81911 ,  H01L2224/83104 ,  H01L2224/83855 ,  H01L2924/381 ,  H01L2924/3841 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/01047 ,  H01L2924/01079 ,  H01L2924/01028 ,  H01L2924/01074 ,  H01L2924/04941 ,  H01L2924/04953 ,  H01L2924/00014

摘要： The mechanisms for forming bump structures enable forming bump structures between a chip and a substrate eliminating or reducing the risk of solder shorting, flux residue and voids in underfill. A lower limit can be established for a cc ratio, defined by dividing the total height of copper posts in a bonded bump structure divided by the standoff of the bonded bump structure, to avoid shorting. A lower limit may also be established for standoff the chip package to avoid flux residue and underfill void formation. Further, aspect ratio of a copper post bump has a lower limit to avoid insufficient standoff and a higher limit due to manufacturing process limitation. By following proper bump design and process guidelines, yield and reliability of chip packages may be increases.

摘要翻译： 用于形成凸块结构的机构能够在芯片和基板之间形成凸块结构，消除或降低焊料短路，焊剂残留物和底部填充物中的空隙的风险。 可以通过将结合的凸块结构中的铜柱的总高度除以接合的凸块结构的间距来限定的cc比率来限定下限，以避免短路。 也可以建立一个下限以排除芯片封装以避免焊剂残留和底部填充空隙形成。 此外，由于制造工艺限制，铜柱凸起的纵横比具有下限以避免不足的间隙和更高的极限。 通过遵循适当的凸块设计和工艺指南，芯片封装的产量和可靠性可能会增加。

公开(公告)号：US20090047780A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-19

申请号：US12287516

申请日：2008-10-10

申请人： Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Ching-Hua Hsieh ,  Hsien-Ming Lee ,  Shing-Chyang Pan ,  Chao-Hsien Peng ,  Li-Lin Su ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Shao-Lin Shue ,  Mong-Song Liang

发明人： Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Ching-Hua Hsieh ,  Hsien-Ming Lee ,  Shing-Chyang Pan ,  Chao-Hsien Peng ,  Li-Lin Su ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Shao-Lin Shue ,  Mong-Song Liang

IPC分类号： H01L21/44

CPC分类号： H01L21/76844 ,  H01L21/76846 ,  H01L21/76862 ,  Y10S438/927

摘要： Provided is a method for forming a composite barrier layer with superior barrier qualities and superior adhesion properties to both dielectric materials and conductive materials as the composite barrier layer extends throughout the semiconductor device. The composite barrier layer may be formed in regions where it is disposed between two conductive layers and in regions where it is disposed between a conductive layer and a dielectric material. The composite barrier layer may consist of various pluralities of layers and the arrangement of layers that form the composite barrier layer may differ as the barrier layer extends throughout different sections of the device. Amorphous layers of the composite barrier layer generally form boundaries with dielectric materials and crystalline layers generally form boundaries with conductive materials such as interconnect materials.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种形成复合阻挡层的方法，该复合阻挡层具有优异的阻挡性能，并且当复合阻挡层贯穿整个半导体器件时，两种电介质材料和导电材料具有优异的粘合性能。 复合阻挡层可以形成在其设置在两个导电层之间的区域中，并且在其布置在导电层和电介质材料之间的区域中。 复合阻挡层可以由各种多个层组成，并且形成复合阻挡层的层的布置可以随着阻挡层在装置的不同部分延伸而不同。 复合阻挡层的非晶层通常与电介质材料形成边界，并且结晶层通常与诸如互连材料的导电材料形成边界。

公开(公告)号：US20060027922A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-09

申请号：US10909980

申请日：2004-08-03

申请人： Hsien-Ming Lee ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Shing-Chyang Pan ,  Ching-Hua Hsieh ,  Chao-Hsien Peng ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Li-Lin Su ,  Shau-Lin Shue

发明人： Hsien-Ming Lee ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Shing-Chyang Pan ,  Ching-Hua Hsieh ,  Chao-Hsien Peng ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Li-Lin Su ,  Shau-Lin Shue

IPC分类号： H01L23/48

CPC分类号： H01L21/76834 ,  H01L21/76849 ,  H01L21/76867 ,  H01L23/5329 ,  H01L23/53295 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A semiconductor device having a nonconductive cap layer comprising a first metal element. The nonconductive cap layer comprises a first metal nitride, a first metal oxide, or a first metal oxynitride over conductive lines and an insulating material between the conductive lines. An interface region may be formed over the top surface of the conductive lines, the interface region including the metal element of the cap layer. The cap layer prevents the conductive material in the conductive lines from migrating or diffusing into adjacent subsequently formed insulating material layers. The cap layer may also function as an etch stop layer.

摘要翻译： 一种具有包括第一金属元件的非导电盖层的半导体器件。 非导电盖层包括导电线上的第一金属氮化物，第一金属氧化物或第一金属氧氮化物，以及导电线之间的绝缘材料。 界面区域可以形成在导电线的顶表面上，界面区域包括盖层的金属元件。 盖层防止导电线中的导电材料迁移或扩散到相邻的随后形成的绝缘材料层中。 盖层也可以用作蚀刻停止层。

公开(公告)号：US20050054202A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-10

申请号：US10655972

申请日：2003-09-04

申请人： Shing-Chyang Pan ,  Ching-Hua Hsieh ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Hsien-Ming Lee ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Shau-Lin Shue

发明人： Shing-Chyang Pan ,  Ching-Hua Hsieh ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Hsien-Ming Lee ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Shau-Lin Shue

IPC分类号： H01L21/285 ,  H01L21/3105 ,  H01L21/311 ,  H01L21/768

CPC分类号： H01L21/3105 ,  H01L21/28556 ,  H01L21/76807 ,  H01L21/76814 ,  H01L21/76838 ,  H01L21/76843 ,  H01L21/76873

摘要： A method for forming a copper damascene feature including providing a semiconductor process wafer including at least one via opening formed to extend through a thickness of at least one dielectric insulating layer and an overlying trench line opening encompassing the at least one via opening to form a dual damascene opening; etching through an etch stop layer at the at least one via opening bottom portion to expose an underlying copper area; carrying out a sub-atmospheric DEGAS process with simultaneous heating of the process wafer in a hydrogen containing ambient; carrying out an in-situ sputter-clean process; and, forming a barrier layer in-situ to line the dual damascene opening.

摘要翻译： 一种用于形成铜镶嵌特征的方法，包括提供半导体工艺晶片，其包括形成为延伸穿过至少一个介电绝缘层的厚度的至少一个通孔开口，以及覆盖所述至少一个通孔开口的上覆沟槽开口，以形成双重 大马士革开幕 在所述至少一个通孔开口底部处蚀刻通过蚀刻停止层以暴露下面的铜区域; 在含氢环境中同时加热工艺晶片，进行亚低温DEGAS工艺; 进行原位溅射清洗过程; 并且原位形成阻挡层以使双镶嵌开口成线。

公开(公告)号：US09159687B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-13

申请号：US13572302

申请日：2012-08-10

申请人： Jung-Hua Chang ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Jing-Cheng Lin

发明人： Jung-Hua Chang ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Jing-Cheng Lin

IPC分类号： H01L23/495 ,  H01L23/00 ,  H01L23/498

CPC分类号： H01L24/13 ,  H01L23/49816 ,  H01L24/11 ,  H01L2224/118 ,  H01L2224/13 ,  H01L2224/13016 ,  H01L2224/131 ,  H01L2224/1319 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/014 ,  H01L2924/06 ,  H01L2924/0665 ,  H01L2924/15788 ,  H01L2924/37001 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A solder bump structure for a ball grid array (BGA) includes at least one under bump metal (UBM) layer and a solder bump formed over the at least one UBM layer. The solder bump has a bump width and a bump height and the ratio of the bump height over the bump width is less than 1.

摘要翻译： 用于球栅阵列（BGA）的焊料凸块结构包括在至少一个UBM层上形成的至少一个下凸块金属（UBM）层和焊料凸块。 焊料凸块具有凸块宽度和凸块高度，并且凸块高度比凸块宽度的比值小于1。

公开(公告)号：US08922004B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-30

申请号：US12846260

申请日：2010-07-29

申请人： Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Ya-Hsi Hwung ,  Hsin-Yu Chen ,  Po-Hao Tsai ,  Yan-Fu Lin ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Fang Wen Tsai ,  Wen-Chih Chiou

发明人： Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Ya-Hsi Hwung ,  Hsin-Yu Chen ,  Po-Hao Tsai ,  Yan-Fu Lin ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Fang Wen Tsai ,  Wen-Chih Chiou

IPC分类号： H01L23/48 ,  H01L23/488 ,  H01L23/00 ,  H01L25/065

CPC分类号： H01L24/11 ,  H01L23/488 ,  H01L24/13 ,  H01L24/16 ,  H01L24/73 ,  H01L24/81 ,  H01L24/92 ,  H01L24/94 ,  H01L25/0657 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05099 ,  H01L2224/05571 ,  H01L2224/05599 ,  H01L2224/10126 ,  H01L2224/10145 ,  H01L2224/1182 ,  H01L2224/11823 ,  H01L2224/1191 ,  H01L2224/13017 ,  H01L2224/13022 ,  H01L2224/13083 ,  H01L2224/13111 ,  H01L2224/13113 ,  H01L2224/13118 ,  H01L2224/13139 ,  H01L2224/13144 ,  H01L2224/13147 ,  H01L2224/13155 ,  H01L2224/13157 ,  H01L2224/13164 ,  H01L2224/13564 ,  H01L2224/13565 ,  H01L2224/1357 ,  H01L2224/13578 ,  H01L2224/13583 ,  H01L2224/13644 ,  H01L2224/13655 ,  H01L2224/13664 ,  H01L2224/1369 ,  H01L2224/16058 ,  H01L2224/16148 ,  H01L2224/32145 ,  H01L2224/32225 ,  H01L2224/73204 ,  H01L2224/81193 ,  H01L2224/81801 ,  H01L2224/81815 ,  H01L2224/92125 ,  H01L2224/94 ,  H01L2224/97 ,  H01L2225/06513 ,  H01L2225/06541 ,  H01L2924/00011 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/01322 ,  H01L2924/01327 ,  H01L2924/014 ,  H01L2924/10253 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  H01L2924/37001 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2224/81 ,  H01L2224/16225 ,  H01L2924/00012 ,  H01L2224/16145 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/01047 ,  H01L2224/05552 ,  H01L2224/81805

摘要： A work piece includes a copper bump having a top surface and sidewalls. A protection layer is formed on the sidewalls, and not on the top surface, of the copper bump. The protection layer includes a compound of copper and a polymer, and is a dielectric layer.

摘要翻译： 工件包括具有顶表面和侧壁的铜凸块。 在铜凸块的侧壁而不是顶表面上形成保护层。 保护层包括铜和聚合物的化合物，并且是介电层。

公开(公告)号：US08698308B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-15

申请号：US13362913

申请日：2012-01-31

申请人： Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Cheng-Lin Huang

发明人： Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Cheng-Lin Huang

IPC分类号： H01L29/40

CPC分类号： H01L24/16 ,  H01L21/56 ,  H01L21/563 ,  H01L23/3171 ,  H01L23/3192 ,  H01L23/49816 ,  H01L23/49894 ,  H01L24/02 ,  H01L24/05 ,  H01L24/11 ,  H01L24/13 ,  H01L24/81 ,  H01L24/83 ,  H01L2224/0239 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05008 ,  H01L2224/05166 ,  H01L2224/05181 ,  H01L2224/05187 ,  H01L2224/05572 ,  H01L2224/05624 ,  H01L2224/05639 ,  H01L2224/05644 ,  H01L2224/05647 ,  H01L2224/11849 ,  H01L2224/13005 ,  H01L2224/13012 ,  H01L2224/13023 ,  H01L2224/13024 ,  H01L2224/13082 ,  H01L2224/13083 ,  H01L2224/13111 ,  H01L2224/13113 ,  H01L2224/13116 ,  H01L2224/13139 ,  H01L2224/13147 ,  H01L2224/13155 ,  H01L2224/1601 ,  H01L2224/16225 ,  H01L2224/16227 ,  H01L2224/16238 ,  H01L2224/73204 ,  H01L2224/81011 ,  H01L2224/81193 ,  H01L2224/81801 ,  H01L2224/81815 ,  H01L2224/8191 ,  H01L2224/81911 ,  H01L2224/83104 ,  H01L2224/83855 ,  H01L2924/381 ,  H01L2924/3841 ,  H01L2924/01029 ,  H01L2924/01047 ,  H01L2924/01079 ,  H01L2924/01028 ,  H01L2924/01074 ,  H01L2924/04941 ,  H01L2924/04953 ,  H01L2924/00014

摘要： The mechanisms for forming bump structures enable forming bump structures between a chip and a substrate eliminating or reducing the risk of solder shorting, flux residue and voids in underfill. A lower limit can be established for a α ratio, defined by dividing the total height of copper posts in a bonded bump structure divided by the standoff of the bonded bump structure, to avoid shorting. A lower limit may also be established for standoff the chip package to avoid flux residue and underfill void formation. Further, aspect ratio of a copper post bump has a lower limit to avoid insufficient standoff and a higher limit due to manufacturing process limitation. By following proper bump design and process guidelines, yield and reliability of chip packages may be increases.

摘要翻译： 用于形成凸块结构的机构能够在芯片和基板之间形成凸块结构，消除或降低焊料短路，焊剂残留物和底部填充物中的空隙的风险。 可以通过将粘合凸块结构中的铜柱的总高度除以接合的凸块结构的间隙来限定的α比来限定下限，以避免短路。 也可以建立一个下限以排除芯片封装以避免焊剂残留和底部填充空隙形成。 此外，由于制造工艺限制，铜柱凸起的纵横比具有下限以避免不足的间隙和更高的极限。 通过遵循适当的凸块设计和工艺指南，芯片封装的产量和可靠性可能会增加。

公开(公告)号：US20130233601A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-12

申请号：US13412958

申请日：2012-03-06

申请人： Chin-Fu KAO ,  Wen-Chih Chiou ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Po-Hao Tsai

发明人： Chin-Fu KAO ,  Wen-Chih Chiou ,  Jing-Cheng Lin ,  Cheng-Lin Huang ,  Po-Hao Tsai

IPC分类号： H05K1/09 ,  H05K1/00

CPC分类号： H01L24/14 ,  H01L22/32 ,  H01L23/3192 ,  H01L24/05 ,  H01L24/11 ,  H01L24/13 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05073 ,  H01L2224/05082 ,  H01L2224/05083 ,  H01L2224/05147 ,  H01L2224/05166 ,  H01L2224/05181 ,  H01L2224/05187 ,  H01L2224/05647 ,  H01L2224/05655 ,  H01L2224/1146 ,  H01L2224/11849 ,  H01L2224/131 ,  H01L2224/13147 ,  H01L2224/1403 ,  H01L2224/141 ,  H01L2224/14515 ,  H01L2224/81191 ,  H01L2224/81192 ,  H01L2924/00012 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/04941 ,  H01L2924/04953 ,  H01L2924/014

摘要： A surface metal wiring structure for a substrate includes one or more functional μbumps formed of a first metal and an electrical test pad formed of a second metal for receiving an electrical test probe and electrically connected to the one or more functional μbumps. The surface metal wiring structure also includes a plurality of sacrificial μbumps formed of the first metal that are electrically connected to the electrical test pads, where the sacrificial μbumps are positioned closer to the electrical test pad than the one or more functional μbumps.

摘要翻译： 用于基板的表面金属布线结构包括由第一金属形成的一个或多个功能性微片和由用于接收电测试探针的第二金属形成的电测试焊盘，并电连接到所述一个或多个功能性微波。 表面金属布线结构还包括多个由第一金属形成的牺牲片，其电连接到电测试焊盘，其中牺牲微片比一个或多个功能性微片更靠近电测试垫定位。