摘要:
Known fabrication apparatuses, including patterned pinch rollers, molds, etc., are adapted to create articles having a shape characterized by more than six faces of identical size and shape, and by members extending outwardly in three orthogonal dimensions, the articles each including at least a pair of faces which intersect to bound a concave region, each article including a plurality of such concave regions. In certain embodiments, vibrational energy (e.g. ultrasonic or microwave energy) is utilized to aid in article formation.
摘要:
Compositions, methods, and apparatus for manufacturing sheets having a highly inorganically filled matrix. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together an organic polymer binder, water, one or more aggregate materials, fibers, and optional admixtures in the correct proportions in order to form a sheet which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures are formed into sheets by first extruding the mixtures and the passing the extruded materials between a set of rollers. The rolled sheets are dried in an accelerated manner to form a substantially hardened sheet, such as by heated rollers and/or a drying chamber. The inorganically filled sheets may have properties substantially similar to sheets presently made from traditional materials like paper, paperboard, polystyrene, plastic, or metal. Such sheets can be rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued. They have especial utility in the mass production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.
摘要:
Methods and systems for readily and economically manufacturing hydraulically settable articles, particularly containers, from microstructurally engineered hydraulically settable mixtures wherein the mixture is extruded into a sheet that is feed through a plurality of sets of rollers so as to form the sheet into the desired thickness. The sheet is then pressed between a male die of a desired shape and a female die having a substantially complimentary configuration of the male die shape to immediately fashion a portion of the sheet into a form stable shape for the desired article. To assist in imparting form stability, the dies can be heated or cooled. Once the article has obtained form stability, the article is removed from the dies and dried under heated air to gain strength. The article can then be cut from the sheet and receive printing or a coating, if desired, prior to packaging, shipping, and use.
摘要:
Compositions and methods for the post-production treatment of a starch-bound article to increase the flexibility of the treated article by softening or plasticizing the article through the application of a polyalcohol, preferably glycerin. The glycerin is preferably mixed with water before application to aid in penetrating the cellular matrix of the article. The glycerin acts as a plasticizer and a humectant, and it stabilizes the starch-bound matrix against warping that otherwise results when water-borne substances are applied to the surface of a starch-bound article. The glycerin treatment can be applied to a hinge to increase the resilience and durability of the hinge, generally by causing the inner hinge surface to be more collapsible, which greatly decreases the radius of bending of the outer surface of the hinge and which thereby reduces the amount of strain or elongation exerted on the outer surface of the hinge. The mixture of glycerin and water may optionally further include a water-based coating, such as polyvinyl alcohol, and/or an inorganic mineral such as kaolin.
摘要:
Sealable liquid-tight containers and methods for economically manufacturing such containers for storing and dispensing substances and any other purposes for which conventional sealable liquid-tight containers are utilized. The containers are readily and economically formed from mixtures of hydraulically settable binders such as hydraulic cement, gypsum and clay with water. Appropriate additives can also be added to the mixture which impart desired characteristics and properties to both the mixture and the hardened containers. The mixtures can be utilized to form containers by various methods. One method involves forming the containers without substantial mixing of the mixture, compacting the mixture and hydrating the mixture. Other methods involve molding the mixture, extruding the mixture and forming sheets from the mixture to be converted into containers. The components may also be dried, coated, lined, laminated and/or receive printing.
摘要:
Containers incorporating a hydraulically settable structural matrix including a hydraulically settable binder such as cement for use in the storing, dispensing, and/or packaging of food and beverage products are disclosed. The disposable and nondisposable food and beverage articles of manufacture have high tensile, compressive, and flexural strengths, and are lightweight, insulative (if desired), inexpensive, and more environmentally compatible than those currently used. These disposable containers and cups are particularly useful for dispensing hot and cold food and beverages in the fast food restaurant environment. The structural matrix of the food and beverage containers includes a hydraulic cement paste (formed from the reaction of water with, e.g., a portland-type cement) preferably in combination with a rheology-modifying plasticizer, such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, various aggregate materials, and fibrous materials, which provide desired properties at a cost which is economical.
摘要:
Methods and systems for forming hinged starch-bound matrices. Starch-based compositions are molded between heated molds in order to form a cellular matrix and also to remove the water from the starch-based compositions in order to form a binding matrix of solidified starch. The molding apparatus is configured to form one or more creases within the hinge area in order to define one or more lines upon which the hinge will bend. The molding apparatus is also configured such that the region of the mold corresponding to the inner surface of the hinge area will transfer heat more slowly to the inner hinge surface, resulting in reduced thickness of the skin of the inner hinge. This increases the collapsibility, or ability of the inner surface of the hinge to fold or buckle, during the bending action. This in mm reduces the bending radius of hinge such that the hinging action exerts less strain on the outer surface of the hinge. The inner surface of the hinge may optionally be treated with glycerin or other polyols to soften the inner surface. The outer surface of the hinge may optionally be coated with an elastomeric material, such as polyvinyl alcohol, in order to strengthen the outer surface and reduce its tendency to fracture during the hinging action.
摘要:
Compositions and methods for manufacturing sheets having a highly inorganically filled matrix. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together an organic polymer binder, water, one or more inorganic aggregate materials, fibers, and optional admixtures in the correct proportions in order to form a sheet which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures are formed into sheets by first extruding the mixtures and the passing the extruded materials between a set of rollers. The rolled sheets are dried in an accelerated manner to form a substantially hardened sheet, such as by heated rollers and/or a drying chamber. The inorganically filled sheets may have properties substantially similar to sheets presently made from traditional materials like paper, cardboard, polystyrene, plastic, or metal. Such sheets can be rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued. They have especial utility in the mass production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.
摘要:
A sheet forming machine which has a pair of coating rolls, a driving mechanism for rotating the coating rolls, angle detectors for detecting rotation angles of the coating rolls, level change detectors for detecting change patterns of levels of circumferential points of the coating rolls, and a shaft mover for moving at least one of the coating rolls to keep a constant space between the coating rolls.
摘要:
A porous film manufacturing apparatus regularly forms a large number of non-through pores with a fine opening width of sub-.mu.m to several tens .mu.m at a high density in elongated films made of various materials, with almost no deterioration in the essential characteristics of the film materials. The apparatus includes a feed unit, a perforating unit including a first block having a surface on which a large number of diamond particles with acute corner portions are deposited, a second block having a surface on which a desired protruding pattern is formed, and an elastic organic polymer sheet arranged to cover at least the protruding pattern of the second block, the first and second blocks being arranged such that the particle-deposited surface of the first block and the organic polymer sheet oppose each other, and a pressurizing unit for moving the movable block toward the stationary block until the distance between projecting ends of the particles and the surface of a portion of the organic polymer sheet located on the protruding pattern becomes smaller than the thickness of the elongated film between the movable and stationary blocks, thereby pressing the acute corner portions of the particles into the elongated film in a region opposing the protruding pattern.