摘要:
Compositions, methods, and systems for manufacturing articles, particularly containers and packaging materials, having a particle packed, highly inorganically filled, cellular matrix are disclosed. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together a starch-based binder, a solvent, inorganic aggregates, and optimal admixtures, e.g., fibers, mold-releasing agents, rheology-modifying agents, plasticizers, coating materials, and dispersants, in the correct proportions to form an article which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures have a predetermined viscosity and are heated between molds at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce form-stable articles having a desired shape and a selectively controlled cellular, structure matrix. The molded articles may be placed in a high humidity chamber to obtain the necessary flexibility for their intended use. The articles may be manufactured to have properties substantially similar to articles presently made from conventional materials like paper, paperboard, polystyrene, plastic, or other organic materials. They have especial utility in the mass-production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.
摘要:
Compositions and methods for manufacturing sheets having a starch-bound matrix reinforced with fibers and optionally including an inorganic mineral filler. Suitable mixtures for forming the sheets are prepared by mixing together water, unmodified and ungelatinized starch granules, a cellulosic ether, fibers, and optionally an inorganic mineral filler in the correct proportions to form a sheet having desired properties. The mixtures are formed into sheets by passing them between one or more sets of heated rollers to form green sheets. The heated rollers cause the cellulosic ether to form a skin on the outer surfaces of the sheet that prevents the starch granules from causing the sheet to adhere to the rollers upon gelation of the starch. The green sheets are passed between heated rollers to gelatinize the starch granules, and then to dry the sheet by removing a substantial portion of the water by evaporation. The starch and cellulosic ether form the binding matrix of the sheets with the fibers and optional inorganic filler dispersed throughout the binding matrix. The starch-bound sheets can be cut, rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued to fashion articles from the sheets much like paper or paperboard. The sheets are particularly useful in the mass production of containers, such as food and beverage containers.
摘要:
An extruded-in fabric hinge comprised of a fabric hinge member extruded-in with a first member and a second member such that at least some of the fibers of the fabric hinge member are embedded within the first and second members. An extruder apparatus with an extrusion cavity comprised of a first surface with a first adjustable mandrel, a second surface, a third surface, and a fourth surface integrated to form the extrusion cavity is used to make the extruded-in fabric hinge. A fabric hinge member is captured between the first adjustable mandrel and the second surface, and an extrusion material is extruded through an extrusion inlet of the extruder apparatus and into the extrusion cavity. The extrusion material integrates with the fabric hinge member such that at least some of the fibers of the fabric hinge member are embedded into the first and second members of the extruded-in fabric hinge.
摘要:
Compositions, methods, and apparatus for manufacturing sheets having a highly inorganically filled matrix. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together an organic polymer binder, water, one or more aggregate materials, fibers, and optional admixtures in the correct proportions in order to form a sheet which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures are formed into sheets by first extruding the mixtures and the passing the extruded materials between a set of rollers. The rolled sheets are dried in an accelerated manner to form a substantially hardened sheet, such as by heated rollers and/or a drying chamber. The inorganically filled sheets may have properties substantially similar to sheets presently made from traditional materials like paper, paperboard, polystyrene, plastic, or metal. Such sheets can be rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued. They have especial utility in the mass production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.
摘要:
A male thermoformed package hinge includes two sides, each having opposed ends extending therebetween. The hinge has a triangular cross-section, the sides intersecting at outer ends thereof and thus forming the apex of the triangular cross-sections. The hinge also has opposed flanges, extending substantially horizontally away from the lower ends of the sides in opposed directions when the hinge is positioned as on a male mold on which it is thermoformed, in which molding position the apex of the triangular cross-section of the hinge points away from the mold, and an imaginary line drawn from the first flange to the second flange forms the base of the triangular cross-section.
摘要:
Compositions, methods, and apparatus for manufacturing sheets having a highly inorganically filled matrix. Suitable inorganically filled mixtures are prepared by mixing together an organic polymer binder, water, one or more aggregate materials, fibers, and optional admixtures in the correct proportions in order to form a sheet which has the desired performance criteria. The inorganically filled mixtures are formed into sheets by first extruding the mixtures and the passing the extruded materials between a set of rollers. The rolled sheets are dried in an accelerated manner to form a substantially hardened sheet, such as by heated rollers and/or a drying chamber. The inorganically filled sheets may have properties substantially similar to sheets presently made from traditional materials like paper, paperboard, polystyrene, plastic, or metal. Such sheets can be rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued. They have especial utility in the mass production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.
摘要:
A resilient hinge arrangement has a first hinge part and a second hinge part that assumes a plurality of stable pivoting positions with respect to the first hinge part, with a dead center lying at least between two of the stable pivoting positions. The second hinge part is arranged to return from pivoting positions between the two stable pivoting positions through the dead center, outside a dead center itself, in an elastically resilient manner into a nearest one of the stable pivoting positions. Two connecting arms are spaced a distance apart and include at least one coupling element protruding movably from each of the first and second hinge parts, and at least one substantially flexurally rigid intermediate part between the coupling elements that is delimited by two bending regions that are spaced apart and arranged at an angle to each other between the intermediate part and the coupling elements. Each of the two connecting arms is substantially stress free in an opened position and a closed position of the first hinge part relative to the second hinge part at a point at which the bending regions come closest to each other. Each coupling element is arranged to execute a maximum elastic relieving movement in a region of the dead center upon pivoting movement of the second hinge part with respect to the first hinge part between the two stable pivoting positions through the dead center.
摘要:
Methods and systems for readily and economically manufacturing hydraulically settable articles, particularly containers, from microstructurally engineered hydraulically settable mixtures wherein the mixture is extruded into a sheet that is feed through a plurality of sets of rollers so as to form the sheet into the desired thickness. The sheet is then pressed between a male die of a desired shape and a female die having a substantially complimentary configuration of the male die shape to immediately fashion a portion of the sheet into a form stable shape for the desired article. To assist in imparting form stability, the dies can be heated or cooled. Once the article has obtained form stability, the article is removed from the dies and dried under heated air to gain strength. The article can then be cut from the sheet and receive printing or a coating, if desired, prior to packaging, shipping, and use.
摘要:
Compositions and methods for the post-production treatment of a starch-bound article to increase the flexibility of the treated article by softening or plasticizing the article through the application of a polyalcohol, preferably glycerin. The glycerin is preferably mixed with water before application to aid in penetrating the cellular matrix of the article. The glycerin acts as a plasticizer and a humectant, and it stabilizes the starch-bound matrix against warping that otherwise results when water-borne substances are applied to the surface of a starch-bound article. The glycerin treatment can be applied to a hinge to increase the resilience and durability of the hinge, generally by causing the inner hinge surface to be more collapsible, which greatly decreases the radius of bending of the outer surface of the hinge and which thereby reduces the amount of strain or elongation exerted on the outer surface of the hinge. The mixture of glycerin and water may optionally further include a water-based coating, such as polyvinyl alcohol, and/or an inorganic mineral such as kaolin.
摘要:
Sealable liquid-tight containers and methods for economically manufacturing such containers for storing and dispensing substances and any other purposes for which conventional sealable liquid-tight containers are utilized. The containers are readily and economically formed from mixtures of hydraulically settable binders such as hydraulic cement, gypsum and clay with water. Appropriate additives can also be added to the mixture which impart desired characteristics and properties to both the mixture and the hardened containers. The mixtures can be utilized to form containers by various methods. One method involves forming the containers without substantial mixing of the mixture, compacting the mixture and hydrating the mixture. Other methods involve molding the mixture, extruding the mixture and forming sheets from the mixture to be converted into containers. The components may also be dried, coated, lined, laminated and/or receive printing.