Abstract:
Contacts for semiconductor devices are formed where a barrier layer comprising graphene is situated between a first layer comprising a conductor, and a second layer comprising a second conductor or a semiconductor. For example, a metal layer can be formed on a graphene layer residing on a semiconductor. The barrier layer can be directly formed on some second layers, for example, graphene can be transferred from an organic polymer/graphene bilayer structure and the organic polymer removed and replaced with a metal or other conductor that comprises the first layer of the contact. The bilayer can be formed by CVD deposition on a metallic second layer, or the graphene can be formed on a template layer, for example, a metal layer, and bound by a binding layer comprising an organic polymer to form an organic polymer /graphene/metal trilayer structure. The template layer can be removed to yield the bilayer structure. Contacts with the graphene barrier layer display enhanced reliability as the graphene layer inhibits diffusion and reaction between the layers contacting the barrier layer.
Abstract:
3D integrated circuit packages with through-mold first level interconnects and methods to form such packages are described. For example, a semiconductor package includes a substrate. A bottom semiconductor die has an active side with a surface area. The bottom semiconductor die is coupled to the substrate with the active side distal from the substrate. A top semiconductor die has an active side with a surface area larger than the surface area of the bottom semiconductor die. The top semiconductor die is coupled to the substrate with the active side proximate to the substrate. The active side of the bottom semiconductor die is facing and conductively coupled to the active side of the top semiconductor die. The top semiconductor die is conductively coupled to the substrate by first level interconnects that bypass the bottom semiconductor die.
Abstract:
Electromigration in microbump connections causes voids in the microbumps, which reduces the lifetime of an integrated circuit containing the microbump. Electromigration lifetime may be increased in microbumps by forming a copper or nickel shell around the solder. The copper shell (220, 408) of one microbump contacts the copper shell (234) of a second microbump to enclose the solder (222) of the microbump connection. The copper shell (220 & 234) allows higher current densities through the microbump. Thus, smaller microbumps may be manufactured on a smaller pitch without suffering failure from electromigration. Additionally, the copper shell reduces shorting or bridging between microbump connections on a substrate (202, 230). Increased connection densities between two dies (202,230)or between a die and a packaging substrate are therefore possible.
Abstract:
The present invention provides optical imaging apparatus comprising solid state sensing elements and optical components operable to be manufactured and assembled at the wafer level.
Abstract:
A semiconductor chip having a solder bump and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The semiconductor chip includes at least one under bump metal (UBM) layer formed on an electrode pad of the semiconductor chip, an adhesion enhance layer (AEL) formed on the UBM layer and having at least one concavo-convex portion on a top surface thereof, and the solder bump formed on the AEL. Thereby, adhesive force between the UBM layer and the solder bump is increased, and thereby the reliability of the semiconductor chip can be improved. Further, it is possible to prevent tin (Sn) in the solder bump from being diffused due to the AEL.
Abstract:
A packaged light emitting device includes a carrier substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface, first and second conductive vias extending from the top surface of the substrate to the bottom surface of the substrate, and a bond pad on the top surface of the substrate in electrical contact with the first conductive via. A diode having first and second electrodes is mounted on the bond pad with the first electrode is in electrical contact with the bond pad. A passivation layer is formed on the diode, exposing the second electrode of the diode. A conductive trace is formed on the top surface of the carrier substrate in electrical contact with the second conductive via and the second electrode. The conductive trace is on and extends across the passivation layer to contact the second electrode. Methods of packaging light emitting devices include providing an epiwafer including a growth substrate and an epitaxial structure on the growth substrate, bonding a carrier substrate to the epitaxial structure of the epiwafer, forming a plurality of conductive vias through the carrier substrate, defining a plurality of isolated diodes in the epitaxial structure, and electrically connecting at least one conductive via to respective ones of the plurality of isolated diodes.
Abstract:
In some embodiments, to increase the height-to-pitch ratio of a solder connection that connects different structures with one or more solder balls, only a portion of a solder ball's surface is melted when the connection is formed on one structure and/or when the connection is being attached to another structure. In some embodiments, non-solder balls are joined by an intermediate solder ball (140i). A solder connection may be surrounded by a solder locking layer (1210) and may be recessed in a hole (1230) in that layer. Other features are also provided.